巴什托油气田石炭系巴楚组碳酸盐岩储层特征及控制因素
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摘要
根据薄片鉴定、扫描电镜观察、压汞实验、物性参数测定,结合岩心、测井资料对储层进行精细描述,分析巴什托油气田石炭系巴楚组碳酸盐岩储层特征及主控因素。结果表明:巴楚组为碳酸盐台地沉积,主要发育局限台地和蒸发台地两种亚相,巴楚组上段生屑灰岩段为巴什托石炭系油藏主要储层,岩石类型以泥晶云岩、粉晶云岩等碳酸盐岩为主;储集空间类型主要有孔隙、孔洞、裂缝三大类,其中白云岩段为细喉、中孔—中渗孔隙型储层,灰岩段为微细喉、低孔—低渗裂缝型储层。储层发育受多种因素影响,沉积相是储层发育的物质基础,优质储集相带集中在白云岩段的局限台地云坪、灰云坪微相中;溶蚀作用、白云石化作用形成大量次生溶孔,改善白云岩段储层储集性能;构造作用产生的裂缝为溶蚀作用提供渗流通道,提高储层渗透性。研究结果为巴什托碳酸盐岩储层勘探提供指导。
The paper studies the characteristics and controlling factors of carbonate reservoir of Carboniferous Bachu Formation in Bashituo Oilfield.It is based on microscopic identification,SEM observation,mercury injection test and physical parameter measurement,and combines core data and log data.The reservoir is described subtly and the main controlling factors of reservoir development are analyzed in detail.It indicates that Bachu Formation is carbonate platform sedimentary,mainly developed two subfacies,limited platform and evaporative platform.The upper member of Bachu Formation is the main reservoir of Bashituo Carboniferous oil deposit and the main types of rocks are muddy dolomite,micritic dolomite and other carbonate rocks.The pores,holes and cracks are the main reservoir space types.The dolomite formation is pore type reservoir with fine throat,moderate porosity and medium permeability,and the limestone formation is crack reservoir with tiny throat,low porosity and low permeability.The reservoir development is mainly controlled by many factors.Sedimentary facies is the foundation for reservoir formation,favorable reservoir facies is concentrated in the dolomitic flat and lime dolomitic flat of restricted platform in dolomite segment.A large number of secondary solution pores are formed by dissolution and dolomitization,which greatly improve the physical properties of the dolomite reservoir.The fracture caused by tectogenesis offers a good channel for the occurrence of seepage erosion and improves the physical properties,especially permeability.The results provide an indication for further exploration of carbonate reservoir in Bashituo Oilfield.
The paper studies the characteristics and controlling factors of carbonate reservoir of Carboniferous Bachu Formation in Bashituo Oilfield.It is based on microscopic identification,SEM observation,mercury injection test and physical parameter measurement,and combines core data and log data.The reservoir is described subtly and the main controlling factors of reservoir development are analyzed in detail.It indicates that Bachu Formation is carbonate platform sedimentary,mainly developed two subfacies,limited platform and evaporative platform.The upper member of Bachu Formation is the main reservoir of Bashituo Carboniferous oil deposit and the main types of rocks are muddy dolomite,micritic dolomite and other carbonate rocks.The pores,holes and cracks are the main reservoir space types.The dolomite formation is pore type reservoir with fine throat,moderate porosity and medium permeability,and the limestone formation is crack reservoir with tiny throat,low porosity and low permeability.The reservoir development is mainly controlled by many factors.Sedimentary facies is the foundation for reservoir formation,favorable reservoir facies is concentrated in the dolomitic flat and lime dolomitic flat of restricted platform in dolomite segment.A large number of secondary solution pores are formed by dissolution and dolomitization,which greatly improve the physical properties of the dolomite reservoir.The fracture caused by tectogenesis offers a good channel for the occurrence of seepage erosion and improves the physical properties,especially permeability.The results provide an indication for further exploration of carbonate reservoir in Bashituo Oilfield.
引文
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[24]何翠,郭少斌,吕修祥,等.巴楚北部寒武系沉积相及储层特征评价[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):35-39.HE Cui,GUO Shaobin,LYU Xiuxiang,et al.Cambrian sedimentary facies and reservoir Characterization in Northern Bachu[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(3):35-39.
[25]符浩,李国蓉,陈兰朴,等.塔东地区寒武系白云岩地球化学特征与成因模式[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(2):47-57.FU Hao,LI Guorong,CHEN Lanpu,et al.Geochemical characteristics and genetic model of Cambrian dolomite in East Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(2):47-57.
[26]朱东亚,胡文瑄,宋玉才,等.塔里木盆地塔中45井油藏萤石化特征及其对储层的影响[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(3):205-215.ZHU Dongya,HU Wenxuan,SONG Yucai,et al.Fluoritization in Tazhong 45reservoir:characteristics and its effect on the reservoir bed[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2005,24(3):205-215.
[27]王明健,国景星,盛世锋,等.碳酸盐岩储层物性影响因素研究:以商58断块区沙一段为例[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(5):25-27.WANG Mingjian,GUO Jingxing,SHENG Shifeng,et al.Influence factors on petrophysical property of carbonate reservoir:a case study with Es1of Shang 58Fault Block[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2007,14(5):25-27.
[2]罗平,张静,刘伟,等.中国海相碳酸盐岩油气储层基本特征[J].地学前缘,2008,15(1):36-50.LUO Ping,ZHANG Jing,LIU Wei,et al.Characteristics of marine carbonate hydrocarbon reservoir in China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(1):36-50.
[3]康玉柱.塔里木盆地大油气田勘探方向[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(6):581-583.KANG Yuzhu.Targets for exploration of giant oil-gas fields in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2004,25(6):581-583.
[4]吕海涛,张仲培,邵志兵,等.塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区早古生代古隆起的演化及其勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1):76-90.LYU Haitao,ZHANG Zhongpei,SHAO Zhibing,et al.Structural evolution and exploration significance of the early Paleozoic palaeoup lifts in Bachu-Maigaiti Area,the Tarim Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1):76-90.
[5]伏美燕,张哨楠,赵秀,等.塔里木盆地巴楚—麦盖提地区石炭系混合沉积研究[J].古地理学报,2012,14(2):155-164.FU Meiyan,ZHANG Shaonan,ZHAO Xiu,et al.Researches of mixed sedimentation of the Carboniferous in Bachu-Maigaiti Area in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(2):155-164.
[6]蒋凌志,顾家裕.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡石炭系碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩交替沉积的沉积环境分析[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(1):41-47.JIANG Lingzhi,GU Jiayu.Analysis on the sedimentary environment of the Carboniferous carbonate and detrital rock alternating sedimentation in the Maigaiti Slope of the Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2002,24(1):41-47.
[7]旷理雄,郭建华,郭永康,等.巴楚地区巴楚组生屑灰岩段储集层特征与油气成藏[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(5):550-553.KUANG Lixiong,GUO Jianhua,GUO Yongkang,et al.Reservoir characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation of Bioclastic Limestone Member of Bachu Formation in Bachu Area,Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(5):550-553.
[8]张惠良,张荣虎,李勇,等.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡西段石炭系生屑灰岩段旋回划分及意义[J].地层学杂志,2008,32(1):91-98.ZHANG Huiliang,ZHANG Ronghu,LI Yong,et al.Cyclostratigraphic division and significance of the Carboniferous Bioclast Limestone Member in the West Maigaiti Slope,Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2008,32(1):91-98.
[9]王湘平,丰勇,曹自成.包裹体综合分析方法在油气成藏过程中的应用:以塔里木盆地巴麦地区为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(2):26-33.WANG Xiangping,FENG Yong,CAO Zicheng.Application of various aspects of fluid inclusions in hydrocarbon formation history,taking Bachu-Maigaiti Area of Tarim Basin as an example[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(2):26-33.
[10]ZHAO Wenzhi,SHEN Anjiang,ZHENG Jianfeng,et al.The porosity origin of dolostone reservoirs in the Tarim,Sichuan and Ordos Basins and its implication to reservoir prediction[J].Science China(Earth Sciences),2014,57(10):2498-2511.
[11]WIERZBICKI R,DRAVIS J J,Al-AASM I,et al.Burial dolomit-ization and dissolution of Upper Jurassic Abenaki platformcarbonates,Deep Panuke reservoir,Nova Scotia,Canada[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2006,90(11):1843-1861.
[12]UCIA F J.Origin and petrophysics of dolostone pore space[J].The geometry and petrogenesis of dolo-mite hydrocarbon reservoirs,2004,235(1):141-155.
[13]DUGGAN J P,MOUUNTJOY E W,STASIUK L D.Fault-controlled dolomitization at Swab Hill Simonette Oilfield(Devonian),deep basin west-central Alberta,Canada[J].Sedimentology,2001,48(2):301-323.
[14]WARREN J.Dolomite:occurrence,evolution and economicallyimportant associations[J].Earth Science Reviews,2000,52(1/2/3):1-81.
[15]柳春云.塔里木盆地巴什托油气田石炭系储层预测[D].西安:西安石油大学,2011:30-41.LIU Chunyun.Carboniferous reservoir prediction of Bashituo Oilfield in Tarim Basin:master's degree thesis[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Shiyou University,2011:30-41.
[16]严继新,赵习森,何云峰,等.塔里木盆地巴什托油气田石炭系碳酸盐岩沉积相特征[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(4):353-358.YAN Jixin,ZHAO Xisen,HE Yunfeng,et al.Sedimentary facies of Carboniferous carbonate rock in Bashituo oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(4):353-358.
[17]张仲培,王毅,云金表,等.塔里木盆地台盆区海西期地质事件及其油气成藏效应[J].东北石油大学学报,2007,31(4):1-5.ZHANG Zhongpei,WANG Yi,YUN Jinbiao,et al.Hercynian geological events and their effects on hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2007,31(4):1-5.
[18]徐梅桂.巴麦地区巴楚组生屑灰岩段储层特征及主控因素分析[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013:39-59.XU Meigui.Research on reservoir characterization and key controlling factors of the Bioclastic Limestone Member of Bachu Formation in Bachu-Maigaiti Region:master's degree thesis[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013:39-59.
[19]张儒佳,柳春云,郭峰.塔里木盆地巴什托区石炭系沉积特征[J].新疆石油地质,2011,32(1):42-44.ZHANG Rujia,LIU Chunyun,GUO Feng.Sedimentary features of Carboniferous in Bashituo Block in Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2011,32(1):42-44.
[20]贺锋,林畅松,刘景彦,等.古城地区碳酸盐岩沉积特征及其主控因素[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(5):17-21.HE Feng,LIN Changsong,LIU Jingyan,et al.Carbonate rock sedimentation and its main-controlling factors in Gucheng[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(5):17-21.
[21]黄擎宇,刘迪,叶宁,等.塔里木盆地寒武系白云岩储层特征及成岩作用[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(6):63-74.HUANG Qingyu,LIU Di,YE Ning,et al.Reservoir characteristics and diagenesis of the Cambrian dolomite in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2013,37(6):63-74.
[22]蒋凌志,于德龙.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡石炭系生屑灰岩段储层特征研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(3):428-434.JIANG Lingzhi,YU Delong.Research on reservoir characteristics of Carboniferous Bioclast limestone member in Maigaiti Slope,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis(Natural Secience Edition),2003,39(3):428-434.
[23]范筱聪,孟祥豪,徐梅桂,等.巴麦地区石炭系小海子组储层特征及控制因素分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2012,36(4):18-23.FAN Xiaocong,MENG Xianghao,XU Meigui,et al.Reservoir characteristics of carboniferous Xiaohaizi Formation in Bamai Region and their main control factors[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2012,36(4):18-23.
[24]何翠,郭少斌,吕修祥,等.巴楚北部寒武系沉积相及储层特征评价[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(3):35-39.HE Cui,GUO Shaobin,LYU Xiuxiang,et al.Cambrian sedimentary facies and reservoir Characterization in Northern Bachu[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(3):35-39.
[25]符浩,李国蓉,陈兰朴,等.塔东地区寒武系白云岩地球化学特征与成因模式[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(2):47-57.FU Hao,LI Guorong,CHEN Lanpu,et al.Geochemical characteristics and genetic model of Cambrian dolomite in East Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(2):47-57.
[26]朱东亚,胡文瑄,宋玉才,等.塔里木盆地塔中45井油藏萤石化特征及其对储层的影响[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2005,24(3):205-215.ZHU Dongya,HU Wenxuan,SONG Yucai,et al.Fluoritization in Tazhong 45reservoir:characteristics and its effect on the reservoir bed[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2005,24(3):205-215.
[27]王明健,国景星,盛世锋,等.碳酸盐岩储层物性影响因素研究:以商58断块区沙一段为例[J].特种油气藏,2007,14(5):25-27.WANG Mingjian,GUO Jingxing,SHENG Shifeng,et al.Influence factors on petrophysical property of carbonate reservoir:a case study with Es1of Shang 58Fault Block[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2007,14(5):25-27.