爆炸荷载下锚固洞室拱脚的变形破坏规律研究
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摘要
在爆炸荷载的作用下,洞室拱脚部位常产生较大的变形而破坏。通过模型试验,研究了集中装药条件下,6个不同锚杆加固方式的洞室拱脚处的变形破坏规律。对选取的典型洞室洞壁的6个不同部位测点的应变波形、峰值及其残余值大小进行了探讨;重点比较分析了各个洞室之间拱脚部位两个测点应变波形特征及其变化规律。结果表明:洞室拱顶部位一般产生拉应变,其他部位产生压应变;拱脚两测点应变峰值和残余值比其它部位测点的大;当锚杆长度不变时,锚杆间距变化规律与拱脚拱部的变形规律具有一致性;当锚杆间距不变时,锚杆长度变化规律与拱脚直墙部位的变形规律具有相反性;长密锚杆加固使洞室围岩形成了范围更大的"加固拱"结构,故其拱脚的抗变形能力更强。
The arch springing of tunnels might fail due to the great deformation generated when it is subjected to explosive loads. Through model tests, the deformation and destroying of the arch springings of six tunnels with different rock bolts' reinforcement patterns under concentrated charge were investigated. The strain waveform, peak and residual values at six different positions in one selected typical tunnel were compared and analyzed. Then, the characteristics of strain waveform at two focused measuring points on the arch springing and their variations were emphatically discussed for each tunnel. The results show that tensile strain occurs generally at the arch vault, and compressive strain occurs at other measuring points. The strain peak and residual values at two measuring points on the arch springing are larger than those at other points. When the length of the rock bolts keeps constant, the deformation of the arch part of arch springing varies in consistency with the change of rook bolts' spacing. When the spacing of the rock bolts keeps constant,the deformation of the straight wall of arch springing varies in opposite to the change of the rock bolts' length. The reinforcement effect of long and dense rock bolts makes the surrounding tunnel rock form a reinforced arch structure, and this will improve the anti-deformation ability of arch springing.
The arch springing of tunnels might fail due to the great deformation generated when it is subjected to explosive loads. Through model tests, the deformation and destroying of the arch springings of six tunnels with different rock bolts' reinforcement patterns under concentrated charge were investigated. The strain waveform, peak and residual values at six different positions in one selected typical tunnel were compared and analyzed. Then, the characteristics of strain waveform at two focused measuring points on the arch springing and their variations were emphatically discussed for each tunnel. The results show that tensile strain occurs generally at the arch vault, and compressive strain occurs at other measuring points. The strain peak and residual values at two measuring points on the arch springing are larger than those at other points. When the length of the rock bolts keeps constant, the deformation of the arch part of arch springing varies in consistency with the change of rook bolts' spacing. When the spacing of the rock bolts keeps constant,the deformation of the straight wall of arch springing varies in opposite to the change of the rock bolts' length. The reinforcement effect of long and dense rock bolts makes the surrounding tunnel rock form a reinforced arch structure, and this will improve the anti-deformation ability of arch springing.
引文
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[4]汪精河,周晓军,刘建国,等.地震波斜入射下山岭隧道横向动力响应数值分析[J].现代隧道技术,2017,54(3):2182-2186.WANG Jinghe,ZHOU Xiaojun,LIU Jianguo,et al.Numerical analysis of the transverse dynamic response of mountain tunnels subjected to an oblique incidence of earthquake waves[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2017,54(3):2182-2186.
[5]曲宏略,罗浩,刘辉,等.跨断层隧道震害特性的能量分析方法[J].铁道工程学报,2017,34(3):58-62.QU Honglue,LUO Hao,LIU Hui,et al.An energy analysis approach for seismic characteristics of crossing-fault tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2017,34(3):58-62.
[6]徐景茂,顾金才,陈安敏,等.爆炸平面波作用下大跨度洞室稳定性模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊1):47-53.XU Jingmao,GU Jincai,CHEN Anmin,et al.Model test study of stability of large span tunnel under explosive plane wave[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(Sup1):47-53.
[7]陈安敏,顾金才,徐景茂,等.平面装药条件下洞室受力特征试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2603-2608.CHEN Anmin,GU Jincai,XU Jingmao,et al.Model test study of tunnel mechanical characteristics under plane charge explosion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2603-2608.
[8]MUSSA M H,MUTALIB A A,HAMID R,et al.Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2017,66:64-76.
[9]MOBARAKI B,VAGHEFI M.Numerical study of the depth and cross-sectional shape of tunnel under surface explosion[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,47:114-122.
[10]VERMA H K,SAMADHIYA N K,SINGH M,et al.Blast induced rock mass damage around tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2008,71:149-158.
[11]YAN C B,XU G Y,ZUO Y J.Destabilization analysis of overlapping underground chambers induced by blasting vibration with catastrophe theory[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2006,16(3):735-740.