CaCO_3与接种污泥预结合对好氧污泥颗粒化的影响
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摘要
通过培养前添加Ca~(2+)和CO_3~(2-),使CaCO_3与接种污泥预结合实现好氧污泥快速颗粒化。添加Ca~(2+)和CO_3~(2-)后由真空脱水和网格切割后得到的紧凑污泥颗粒称为物理颗粒污泥(PGS)。物理颗粒污泥进行培养后在15 d内完成颗粒化,具有浓度极高的混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS),其值可达8 763 mg/L,且具有优良的总氮(TN)去除率。SEM-EDX分析表明:由许多富含Ca的球体构成的PGS可能是CaCO_3和污泥的混合物,在20 d时污泥中还含有丰富的Ca元素,包括CaCO_3。富含Ca的球体发挥了骨架作用,使PGS具有多孔结构,有利于营养转移和保持良好的沉降性,防止生物量的损失,并有助于提供更多的造粒载体。
Numerous researches were carried out to enhance sludge granulation by increasing the concentration of Ca~(2+) in feeding water. And we added Ca~(2+) and CO_3~(2-) to make Ca CO_3 pre-bonded with seed sludge before cultivation to realize rapid aerobic granulation in this study. Compact sludge particles named as physical sludge granules( PGS) was obtained by vacuum dewatering and cutting by a 14-mesh after adding Ca~(2+) and CO_3~(2-). Granulation was completed by this method within 15 days,with an extremely high mixed liquor volatile suspended solid( MLVSS) of 8 763 mg/L and preferable removal rate of total nitrogen( TN). Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray detector( SEM-EDX) analysis showed that the PGS constructed by many Ca-rich spherules which could be the mixture of CaCO_3 and sludge,and the sludge still contained rich Ca elements including CaCO_3 on day 20 th. The connected Ca-rich spherules played a role of skeleton to make the PGS was to have porous structure in favor of nutrients transfer,keep well settleability preventing the loss of biomass and help to provide more carriers for granulation.
Numerous researches were carried out to enhance sludge granulation by increasing the concentration of Ca~(2+) in feeding water. And we added Ca~(2+) and CO_3~(2-) to make Ca CO_3 pre-bonded with seed sludge before cultivation to realize rapid aerobic granulation in this study. Compact sludge particles named as physical sludge granules( PGS) was obtained by vacuum dewatering and cutting by a 14-mesh after adding Ca~(2+) and CO_3~(2-). Granulation was completed by this method within 15 days,with an extremely high mixed liquor volatile suspended solid( MLVSS) of 8 763 mg/L and preferable removal rate of total nitrogen( TN). Scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray detector( SEM-EDX) analysis showed that the PGS constructed by many Ca-rich spherules which could be the mixture of CaCO_3 and sludge,and the sludge still contained rich Ca elements including CaCO_3 on day 20 th. The connected Ca-rich spherules played a role of skeleton to make the PGS was to have porous structure in favor of nutrients transfer,keep well settleability preventing the loss of biomass and help to provide more carriers for granulation.
引文
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[16]Lin L,Gao D W,Min Z,et al.Comparison of Ca2+and Mg2+enhancing aerobic granulation in SBR[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,181(1/3):382-387.
[17]Peeters B,Dewil R,Lechat D,et al.Quantification of the exchangeable calcium in activated sludge flocs and its implication to sludge settleability[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2011,83(1):1-8.
[18]J H T,Jiang He-Long,Liu Yu,et al.Ca2+augmentation for enhancement of aerobically grown microbial[J].Biotechnology Letters,2003,25(2):95-99.
[19]Huang L,Yang T,Wang W,et al.Effect of Mn2+augmentation on reinforcing aerobic sludge granulation in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2012,93(6):2615-2623.
[20]Liu Z,Liu Y,Zhang A,et al.Study on the process of aerobic granule sludge rapid formation by using the poly aluminum chloride(PAC)[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,250(9):319-325.
[21]Pijuan M,Werner U,Yuan Z.Reducing the startup time of aerobic granular sludge reactors through seeding floccular sludge with crushed aerobic granules[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5075-5083.
[22]Dang Y,Zhang R,Wu S,et al.Calcium effect on anaerobic biological treatment of fresh leachate with extreme high calcium concentration[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2014,95:76-83.
[23]Liu Y Q,Lan G H,Zeng P.Excessive precipitation of Ca CO3as aragonite in a continuous aerobic granular sludge reactor[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2015,99(19):8225-8234.
[24]Ye C,Yang X,Zhao F J,et al.The shift of the microbial community in activated sludge with calcium treatment and its implication to sludge settleability[J].Bioresour Technol,2016,207:11-18.
[2]Adav S S,Lee D J,Show K Y,et al.Aerobic granular sludge:recent advances[J].Biotechnology Advances,2008,26(5):411-423.
[3]Ni B J,Yu H Q.Mathematical modeling of aerobic granular sludge:a review[J].Biotechnology Advances,2010,28(6):895-909.
[4]Liu,Z,Liu,Y J,Zhang,A N,Zhang,et al.Study on the process of aerobic granule sludge rapid formation by using the poly aluminum chloride(PAC)[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,250(9):319-325.
[5]Jiang H L,Tay J H,Liu Y,et al.Ca2+augmentation for enhancement of aerobically grown microbial granules in sludge blanket reactors[J].Biotechnology Letters,2003,25(2):95-99.
[6]Li X M,Liu Q Q,Yang Q,et al.Enhanced aerobic sludge granulation in sequencing batch reactor by Mg2+augmentation[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(1):64-67.
[7]Lee D J,Chen Y Y.Magnesium carbonate precipitate strengthened aerobic granules[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,183:136-140.
[8]de Bruin L M M,de Kreuk M K,van der Roest H F R,et al.Aerobic granular sludge technology:an alternative to activated sludge?[J].Water Science and Technology,2004,49(11/12):1-7.
[9]Jie Y,Guo M,Xu X,et al.The role of temperature and Ca Cl 2 in activated sludge dewatering under hydrothermal treatment[J].Water Research,2014,50(1):10-17.
[10]Caudan C,Filali A,Spérandio M,et al.Multiple EPS interactions involved in the cohesion and structure of aerobic granules[J].Chemosphere,2014,117(1):262-270.
[11]Sobeck D C,Higgins M J.Examination of three theories for mechanisms of cation-induced bioflocculation[J].Water Research,2002,36(3):527-538.
[12]de Kreuk M K,Kishida N,van Loosdrecht M C M.Aerobic granular sludge state of the art[J].Water Science and Technology,2007,55(8/9):75-81.
[13]Verawaty M,Pijuan M,Yuan Z,et al.Determining the mechanisms for aerobic granulation from mixed seed of floccular and crushed granules in activated sludge wastewater treatment[J].Water Research,2012,46(3):761-771.
[14]Gao D W,Liu L,Liang H,et al.Comparison of four enhancement strategies for aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,186(1):320-327.
[15]Ren T T,Liu L,Sheng G P,et al.Calcium spatial distribution in aerobic granules and its effects on granule structure,strength and bioactivity[J].Water Research,2008,42(13):3343-3352.
[16]Lin L,Gao D W,Min Z,et al.Comparison of Ca2+and Mg2+enhancing aerobic granulation in SBR[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,181(1/3):382-387.
[17]Peeters B,Dewil R,Lechat D,et al.Quantification of the exchangeable calcium in activated sludge flocs and its implication to sludge settleability[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2011,83(1):1-8.
[18]J H T,Jiang He-Long,Liu Yu,et al.Ca2+augmentation for enhancement of aerobically grown microbial[J].Biotechnology Letters,2003,25(2):95-99.
[19]Huang L,Yang T,Wang W,et al.Effect of Mn2+augmentation on reinforcing aerobic sludge granulation in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2012,93(6):2615-2623.
[20]Liu Z,Liu Y,Zhang A,et al.Study on the process of aerobic granule sludge rapid formation by using the poly aluminum chloride(PAC)[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2014,250(9):319-325.
[21]Pijuan M,Werner U,Yuan Z.Reducing the startup time of aerobic granular sludge reactors through seeding floccular sludge with crushed aerobic granules[J].Water Research,2011,45(16):5075-5083.
[22]Dang Y,Zhang R,Wu S,et al.Calcium effect on anaerobic biological treatment of fresh leachate with extreme high calcium concentration[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2014,95:76-83.
[23]Liu Y Q,Lan G H,Zeng P.Excessive precipitation of Ca CO3as aragonite in a continuous aerobic granular sludge reactor[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2015,99(19):8225-8234.
[24]Ye C,Yang X,Zhao F J,et al.The shift of the microbial community in activated sludge with calcium treatment and its implication to sludge settleability[J].Bioresour Technol,2016,207:11-18.
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