生物沥浸预处理改善污泥脱水性能和去除重金属研究
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摘要
通过生物沥浸预处理改善污泥脱水性能和去除其中的重金属,有利于降低后续污泥处理和处置过程中的成本和潜在的生态环境风险。以城市污水厂剩余污泥为研究对象,采用驯化所得的嗜酸性硫杆菌混合菌群为接种物,通过添加不同浓度的底物(FeSO4·7H2O)对污泥进行生物沥浸预处理试验,考察生物沥浸过程中污泥比阻(SRF值)和污泥中重金属含量的动态变化。结果表明:生物沥浸预处理可改善污泥的脱水性能并去除其中的重金属,污泥比阻降低率的变化范围为5.73%～79.53%,污泥中重金属去除率的变化范围为0.38%～90.84%,且底物浓度的改变对改善污泥脱水性能和提高污泥中重金属的去除率有一定的影响;当底物浓度为6g/L、生物沥浸5d时,可获得污泥最佳的脱水性能和污泥中重金属最佳的去除效果,在此条件下生物沥浸预处理后污泥的SRF值为0.52×1013 m/kg,污泥中重金属Zn、Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb和Cr的去除率分别为80.36%、76.89%、80.93%、86.04%、58.37%和58.52%。
Improving sewage sludge dewatering performance and removing heavy metals through biological leaching pretreatment is helpful to reduce the cost and potential ecological environment risk in the process of subsequent sewage sludge treatment and disposal.Taking the residual sewage sludge from the municipal sewage plant as the research object,this paper uses the mixed flora of eosinophilic Thiobacillus obtained from domestication as inoculation,and investigates the dynamic changes of sludge ratio resistance and heavy metal concentration during biological leaching treatment by adding different concentrations of substrate(FeSO4·7 H2 O)to the biological leaching treatment test.The results show that bioleaching can improve the dewatering performance of sewage sludge and the removal of heavy metals.The change range of sludge ratio resistance reduction rate is 5.73%～79.53%,and the change range of heavy metal removal rate is0.38%～90.84%.Taking consideration of both the dewatering performance and removal of heavy metals,the optimal condition of the energy substrate is 6 g/L with the leaching period of 5 days.Under this condition,the sludge specific resistance to filtration is 0.52×1013 m/kg,and the removal rates of heavy metal Zn,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb and Cr reach 80.36%,76.89%,80.93%,86.04%,58.37%and 58.52%,respectively.
Improving sewage sludge dewatering performance and removing heavy metals through biological leaching pretreatment is helpful to reduce the cost and potential ecological environment risk in the process of subsequent sewage sludge treatment and disposal.Taking the residual sewage sludge from the municipal sewage plant as the research object,this paper uses the mixed flora of eosinophilic Thiobacillus obtained from domestication as inoculation,and investigates the dynamic changes of sludge ratio resistance and heavy metal concentration during biological leaching treatment by adding different concentrations of substrate(FeSO4·7 H2 O)to the biological leaching treatment test.The results show that bioleaching can improve the dewatering performance of sewage sludge and the removal of heavy metals.The change range of sludge ratio resistance reduction rate is 5.73%～79.53%,and the change range of heavy metal removal rate is0.38%～90.84%.Taking consideration of both the dewatering performance and removal of heavy metals,the optimal condition of the energy substrate is 6 g/L with the leaching period of 5 days.Under this condition,the sludge specific resistance to filtration is 0.52×1013 m/kg,and the removal rates of heavy metal Zn,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb and Cr reach 80.36%,76.89%,80.93%,86.04%,58.37%and 58.52%,respectively.
引文
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[5]周立祥.污泥生物沥浸处理技术及其工程应用[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,35(5):154-166.
[6]向少云,田永静,夏晶,等.生物沥滤法对剩余污泥中重金属及养分含量的影响[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(1):20-25.
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[9]宋永伟,王鹤茹,梁剑茹,等.嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌介导的次生铁矿物形成的影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1024-1030.
[10]Kumar R N,Nagendran R.Influence of initial pH on bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil employing indigenous Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(9):1775-1781.
[11]李超,周立祥,王世梅.复合硫杆菌生物浸出污泥中重金属的效果及与pH和ORP的关系[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(6):1155-1160.
[12]Feng X,Deng J C,Lei H Y,et al.Dewaterability of waste activated sludge with ultrasound conditioning[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(3):1074-1081.
[13]刘昌庚,张盼月,曾光明,等.生物淋滤-PAC与PAM联合调理城市污泥[J].环境科学,2010,31(9):2124-2128.
[14]黄晓婷,袁海平,周熠鸣,等.基质投加量对生物调理改善污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(6):2137-2142.
[15]霍敏波,郑冠宇,梁剑茹,等.生物沥浸处理中微生物菌群和胞外聚合物对城市污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(9):2199-2204.
[16]陈泓,宁寻安,罗海健,等.生物淋滤-Fenton对印染污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(4):1641-1646.
[17]Huo M B,Zheng G Y,Zhou L X.Enhancement of the dewaterability of sludge during bioleaching mainly controlled by microbial quantity change and the decrease of slime extracellular polymeric substances content[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,168(3):190-197.
[18]Wong J W C,Zhou J,Kurade M B,et al.Influence of ferrous ions on extracellular polymeric substances content and sludge dewaterability during bioleaching[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,179(179):78-83.
[19]邢奕,王志强,洪晨,等.不同pH值下胞外聚合物对污泥脱水性能及束缚水含量的影响[J].工程科学学报,2015,37(10):1387-1395.
[20]Choi Y S,Kim J J,Kim M J,et al.Optimization of bioleaching conditions for metal removal from CCA-treated wood by using an unknown Polyporales sp.KUC8959[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,121(7):6-12.
[21]Zhu J Y,Gan M,Zhang D,et al.The nature of Schwertmannite and Jarosite mediated by two strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans with different ferrous oxidation ability[J].Materials Science and Engineering:C,2013,33(5):2679-2685.
[22]Zheng G Y,Huo M B,Zhou L X.Extracellular polymeric substances level determines the sludge dewaterability in bioleaching process[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,142(2):1-8.
[23]Zhang P Y,Zhu Y,Zhang G M,et al.Sewage sludge bioleaching by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria:Effects of ratio of substrate dosage to solid content[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(3):1394-1398.
[24]周立祥,周顺桂,王世梅,等.制革污泥中铬的生物脱除及其对污泥的调理作用[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(6):1014-1020.
[25]甘莉,刘贺琴,王清萍,等.氧化亚铁硫杆菌生物浸出污泥中的重金属离子[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(10):2617-2623.
[26]宋永伟,王鹤茹,梁剑茹,等.温度和pH对生物成因羟基硫酸铁矿物的综合影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3683-3690.
[27]毕文龙,崔雨琪,方迪,等.嗜酸硫杆菌和黑曲霉对电镀污泥重金属浸出效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4402-4408.
[28]胡伟桐.生物沥浸污泥工程化好氧堆肥效果及其机理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.
[29]张军,盛媛,肖潇,等.城市污泥生物沥滤过程中重金属滤出途径的研究[J].环境工程,2016,34(2):113-118,122.
[30]李娟英,李振华,陈洁芸,等.污水污泥中重金属污染物的溶出过程研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3437-3442.
[31]Wen Y M,Cheng Y,Tang C X,et al.Bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge using indigenous iron-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2013,13(1):166-175.
[32]朱萍,李晓晨,马海涛,等.污泥中重金属形态分布与可浸出性的相关性研究[J].河海大学学报,2007,35(2):121-124.
[2]柯水洲,李海鹏,陈小龙.基于化学溶胞改善污泥脱水性能的试验研究[J].安全与环境工程,2015,22(6):35-41.
[3]张军,徐浚洋,王敦球,等.含硫底物种类与浓度对污泥重金属生物沥滤的影响[J].环境工程,2015,33(4):39-43,57.
[4]吴志强,顾尚义,李海英.城市污泥用于铅锌矿区重金属污染修复的试验研究[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(4):49-53,58.
[5]周立祥.污泥生物沥浸处理技术及其工程应用[J].南京农业大学学报,2012,35(5):154-166.
[6]向少云,田永静,夏晶,等.生物沥滤法对剩余污泥中重金属及养分含量的影响[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(1):20-25.
[7]Fontmorin J M,Sillanp M.Bioleaching and combined bioleaching/Fenton-like processes for the treatment of urban anaerobically digested sludge:Removal of heavy metals and improvement of the sludge dewaterability[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2015,156(2):655-664.
[8]吴小卉,张军,王敦球.生物沥滤过程中城市污泥Zn、Cu的形态转化[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(5):2393-2398.
[9]宋永伟,王鹤茹,梁剑茹,等.嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌介导的次生铁矿物形成的影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1024-1030.
[10]Kumar R N,Nagendran R.Influence of initial pH on bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil employing indigenous Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(9):1775-1781.
[11]李超,周立祥,王世梅.复合硫杆菌生物浸出污泥中重金属的效果及与pH和ORP的关系[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(6):1155-1160.
[12]Feng X,Deng J C,Lei H Y,et al.Dewaterability of waste activated sludge with ultrasound conditioning[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(3):1074-1081.
[13]刘昌庚,张盼月,曾光明,等.生物淋滤-PAC与PAM联合调理城市污泥[J].环境科学,2010,31(9):2124-2128.
[14]黄晓婷,袁海平,周熠鸣,等.基质投加量对生物调理改善污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(6):2137-2142.
[15]霍敏波,郑冠宇,梁剑茹,等.生物沥浸处理中微生物菌群和胞外聚合物对城市污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(9):2199-2204.
[16]陈泓,宁寻安,罗海健,等.生物淋滤-Fenton对印染污泥脱水性能的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(4):1641-1646.
[17]Huo M B,Zheng G Y,Zhou L X.Enhancement of the dewaterability of sludge during bioleaching mainly controlled by microbial quantity change and the decrease of slime extracellular polymeric substances content[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,168(3):190-197.
[18]Wong J W C,Zhou J,Kurade M B,et al.Influence of ferrous ions on extracellular polymeric substances content and sludge dewaterability during bioleaching[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,179(179):78-83.
[19]邢奕,王志强,洪晨,等.不同pH值下胞外聚合物对污泥脱水性能及束缚水含量的影响[J].工程科学学报,2015,37(10):1387-1395.
[20]Choi Y S,Kim J J,Kim M J,et al.Optimization of bioleaching conditions for metal removal from CCA-treated wood by using an unknown Polyporales sp.KUC8959[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2013,121(7):6-12.
[21]Zhu J Y,Gan M,Zhang D,et al.The nature of Schwertmannite and Jarosite mediated by two strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans with different ferrous oxidation ability[J].Materials Science and Engineering:C,2013,33(5):2679-2685.
[22]Zheng G Y,Huo M B,Zhou L X.Extracellular polymeric substances level determines the sludge dewaterability in bioleaching process[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,142(2):1-8.
[23]Zhang P Y,Zhu Y,Zhang G M,et al.Sewage sludge bioleaching by indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria:Effects of ratio of substrate dosage to solid content[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(3):1394-1398.
[24]周立祥,周顺桂,王世梅,等.制革污泥中铬的生物脱除及其对污泥的调理作用[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(6):1014-1020.
[25]甘莉,刘贺琴,王清萍,等.氧化亚铁硫杆菌生物浸出污泥中的重金属离子[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(10):2617-2623.
[26]宋永伟,王鹤茹,梁剑茹,等.温度和pH对生物成因羟基硫酸铁矿物的综合影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(10):3683-3690.
[27]毕文龙,崔雨琪,方迪,等.嗜酸硫杆菌和黑曲霉对电镀污泥重金属浸出效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4402-4408.
[28]胡伟桐.生物沥浸污泥工程化好氧堆肥效果及其机理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.
[29]张军,盛媛,肖潇,等.城市污泥生物沥滤过程中重金属滤出途径的研究[J].环境工程,2016,34(2):113-118,122.
[30]李娟英,李振华,陈洁芸,等.污水污泥中重金属污染物的溶出过程研究[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3437-3442.
[31]Wen Y M,Cheng Y,Tang C X,et al.Bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge using indigenous iron-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2013,13(1):166-175.
[32]朱萍,李晓晨,马海涛,等.污泥中重金属形态分布与可浸出性的相关性研究[J].河海大学学报,2007,35(2):121-124.