修辞与昆廷·斯金纳的学术身份
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摘要
在被誉为"当代思想家"的著名国际学者中,斯金纳对修辞有着独特而深切的关注。尽管学术界通常认为这种关注所体现的仅是一位政治思想史学家对修辞的工具性兴趣和客体化挪用,对斯金纳著述的审视及梳理所显露出来的学术轨迹并不支持这种认识。斯金纳从进入学术界的一开始就与修辞结下不解之缘。他以重构"人文主义修辞文化"、论证该文化对近代欧洲政治思想发展产生的关键影响作为自己的主要学术追求。贯穿、引导并支配着他半个世纪以来的研究、考证、创作过程的是一种明确无误的修辞兴趣。他所采用的并非政治思想史研究的常规套路,而是从语境预设、范畴术语、论证方法一直到旨趣目标成龙配套的修辞研究模式。在采用后者研究文艺复兴时期的政治思想并取得大量原创性成果的同时,他修正、推进了对西方修辞传统的当代书写,提升了修辞的文化历史地位,扩张了其阐释能力,拓展了其应用范围,从而深度参与了修辞理论建设。所有这一切表明我们有更多的理由将斯金纳视为一位以近现代政治思想史为研究对象的修辞学家而不是对修辞抱有业余兴趣的政治思想史学家。
Among leading thinkers of our time,Quentin Skinner stands out with his enthusiastic embrace of and deep involvement with rhetoric. While his colleagues tend to take it for granted that what he has shown is little more than a historian's instrumental interest in the art of persuasion,or a Renaissance specialist's efforts to weave rhetoric into his tapestry of historical account,a careful re-examination of his scholarly works tells quite a different story. Whether from his decades-old devotion to reconstructing a"humanist rhetorical culture"as the matrix from which modern political thoughts have sprung,or from his effective intervention in contemporary rewriting of the rhetorical tradition,one finds more evidence to identify Skinner as a cross-disciplinary rhetorician specializing in Renaissance rhetoric and its aftermath than as an open-minded historian bent on appropriating rhetoric so as to add a special feature to his distinguished scholarship.
Among leading thinkers of our time,Quentin Skinner stands out with his enthusiastic embrace of and deep involvement with rhetoric. While his colleagues tend to take it for granted that what he has shown is little more than a historian's instrumental interest in the art of persuasion,or a Renaissance specialist's efforts to weave rhetoric into his tapestry of historical account,a careful re-examination of his scholarly works tells quite a different story. Whether from his decades-old devotion to reconstructing a"humanist rhetorical culture"as the matrix from which modern political thoughts have sprung,or from his effective intervention in contemporary rewriting of the rhetorical tradition,one finds more evidence to identify Skinner as a cross-disciplinary rhetorician specializing in Renaissance rhetoric and its aftermath than as an open-minded historian bent on appropriating rhetoric so as to add a special feature to his distinguished scholarship.
引文
李宏图2005语境,概念,修辞---昆廷·斯金纳与思想史研究,《世界历史》第4期。
刘亚猛2008《西方修辞学史》,外语教学与研究出版社。
李建顺2009历史语境主义:昆廷·斯金纳政治思想史研究方法初探,《船山学刊》第1期。
刘亚猛2010当代西方修辞研究的两个特点及其缘由,《当代修辞学》第2期。
张芳山、涂宪华2011公民与修辞---兼论昆廷·斯金纳的公民理论,《福建论坛》第4期。
韩蕾、张汉良2012“罗兰·巴特尔与中国”:关于影响研究的对话,《当代修辞学》第6期。
朱莉娅·克里斯蒂娃2015陌生的自我,黄蓓译,《当代修辞学》第3期。Geuna,Skinner,Bret
Geuna,Marco 2006 Skinner,Pre-humanist Rhetorical Culture and Machiavelli.In Annabel Brett,et al.,eds.Rethinking Foundations of Modern Political Thought.Cambridge:Cambridge UP,50-72.
Prokhovnik,Raia 2011 An Interview with Quentin Skinner.Contemporary Political Theory,10:273-285.
Skinner,Quentin 1996 Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2002 Vision of Politics,Vol.I,Regarding Method.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2014 Forensic Shakespeare.Oxford.Oxford UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2018 From Humanism to Hobbes:Studies in Rhetoric and Politics.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Zagorin,Perez 1999 Two Books on Thomas Hobbes.Journal of the History of Ideas,60.2:361-371.
刘亚猛2008《西方修辞学史》,外语教学与研究出版社。
李建顺2009历史语境主义:昆廷·斯金纳政治思想史研究方法初探,《船山学刊》第1期。
刘亚猛2010当代西方修辞研究的两个特点及其缘由,《当代修辞学》第2期。
张芳山、涂宪华2011公民与修辞---兼论昆廷·斯金纳的公民理论,《福建论坛》第4期。
韩蕾、张汉良2012“罗兰·巴特尔与中国”:关于影响研究的对话,《当代修辞学》第6期。
朱莉娅·克里斯蒂娃2015陌生的自我,黄蓓译,《当代修辞学》第3期。Geuna,Skinner,Bret
Geuna,Marco 2006 Skinner,Pre-humanist Rhetorical Culture and Machiavelli.In Annabel Brett,et al.,eds.Rethinking Foundations of Modern Political Thought.Cambridge:Cambridge UP,50-72.
Prokhovnik,Raia 2011 An Interview with Quentin Skinner.Contemporary Political Theory,10:273-285.
Skinner,Quentin 1996 Reason and Rhetoric in the Philosophy of Hobbes.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2002 Vision of Politics,Vol.I,Regarding Method.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2014 Forensic Shakespeare.Oxford.Oxford UP.
Skinner,Quentin 2018 From Humanism to Hobbes:Studies in Rhetoric and Politics.Cambridge:Cambridge UP.
Zagorin,Perez 1999 Two Books on Thomas Hobbes.Journal of the History of Ideas,60.2:361-371.