“球磨+浮选”联合工艺处理罐底油泥的效果
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摘要
针对罐底油泥水洗过程中存在的油相与固相分离难度大、回收的油分中含固率与含水率较高2个关键问题,研究了以"球磨+浮选"为核心的联合工艺的处理效果。对球磨和浮选工艺参数进行优化后,确定球磨段的最优处理条件为球磨温度45℃,液固比3∶1,球磨处理时间30 min,球磨药剂用量0.8%;浮选段的最优处理条件为浮选温度55℃、液固比4∶1、浮选时间35 min、浮选药剂用量0.6%。结果表明:在最优条件下,处理后罐底油泥的固体出料含油率可降低到0.8%,达到了SY/T 7301-2016中规定的处理处置要求;处理过程中得到的原油经过油品纯化后,含水率与含固率均低于0.5%,可在炼厂进行回收利用。以"球磨+浮选"为核心的联合工艺较好地解决了罐底油泥在水洗过程中暴露出来的2个问题,为罐底油泥的无害化、资源化处理提供了参考。
During treating oily sludge of tank bottom by water-based extraction, two key problems, such as difficult separation of oil and solid phases and high water and solid contents of the recovered oil, need to be solved. A combined process based on the core technology of"ball mill + flotation"was used to study its treating effect for this oily sludge. After optimizing the process parameters of ball milling and flotation, the optimal operational conditions at ball mill stage were determined as follows: 45 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of 3∶1, 30 min treating duration and the ball mill dosage of 0.8%. The optimal operational conditions at flotation stage were determined as follows: 55 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of 4∶1, 35 min treating duration and the flotation reagent dosage of 0.6%. Under the optimal conditions, the oil content in solid discharge of treated oily sludge of tank bottom could be reduced to 0.8%, which could meet the treatment and disposal requirements stipulated in SY/T7301-2016. Both water and solid contents in the purified oil were lower than 0.5%, which could be delivered to the refinery for recycling. The combined process based on the core technology of"ball mill + flotation"can solve the two key problems during treating oily sludge of tank bottom by water-based extraction, and provides a reference for the harmless and resource utilization of oily sludge of tank bottom.
During treating oily sludge of tank bottom by water-based extraction, two key problems, such as difficult separation of oil and solid phases and high water and solid contents of the recovered oil, need to be solved. A combined process based on the core technology of"ball mill + flotation"was used to study its treating effect for this oily sludge. After optimizing the process parameters of ball milling and flotation, the optimal operational conditions at ball mill stage were determined as follows: 45 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of 3∶1, 30 min treating duration and the ball mill dosage of 0.8%. The optimal operational conditions at flotation stage were determined as follows: 55 ℃, the liquid-solid ratio of 4∶1, 35 min treating duration and the flotation reagent dosage of 0.6%. Under the optimal conditions, the oil content in solid discharge of treated oily sludge of tank bottom could be reduced to 0.8%, which could meet the treatment and disposal requirements stipulated in SY/T7301-2016. Both water and solid contents in the purified oil were lower than 0.5%, which could be delivered to the refinery for recycling. The combined process based on the core technology of"ball mill + flotation"can solve the two key problems during treating oily sludge of tank bottom by water-based extraction, and provides a reference for the harmless and resource utilization of oily sludge of tank bottom.
引文
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[4]李文岐,李艳芳,李丹东,等.含油污泥脱水萃取工艺研究[J].应用化工, 2017, 46(7):1263-1265.
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[6] HU G, LI H, ZENG G. Recent development in the treatment of oily sludge from petroleum industry:A review[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 261(3):470-490.
[7] RAMASWAMY B, KAR D D, DE S. A study on recovery of oil from sludge containing oil using froth flotation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006, 85(1):150-154.
[8] PAZOKI M, HASANIDARABADI B. Management of toxic and hazardous contents of oil sludge in Siri Island[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2017, 3(1):33-42.
[9] NEZHDBAHADORI F, ABDOLI M A, BAGHDADI M. A comparative study on the efficiency of polar and non-polar solvents in oil sludge recovery using solvent extraction[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018, 190(7):836-844.
[10] AZIM A A A, ABDUL-RAHEIM A R M, KAMEL R K, et al. Demulsifier systems applied to breakdown petroleum sludge[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2011, 78(2):364-370.
[11] GUO S H, LI G, QU J H, et al. Improvement of acidification on dewaterability of oily sludge from flotation[J]. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011, 168(2):746-751.
[12] SCHMIDT H, KAMINSKY W. Pyrolysis of oil sludge in a fluidised bed reactor[J]. Chemosphere, 2001, 45(3):285-290.
[13] ZHANG L, CHO S, HASHISHO Z, et al. Quantification of fugitive emissions from an oil sands tailings pond by eddy covariance[J]. Fuel, 2019, 237(1):457-464.
[14]刁潘,刘静,张永奎,等.阴离子/非离子表面活性剂体系洗涤含油污泥[J].化工进展, 2014, 33(10):2753-2757.
[15] GAO Y X, DING R, CHEN X, et al. Ultrasonic washing for oily sludge treatment in pilot scale[J]. Ultrasonics, 2018, 90(3):1-4.
[16]谭蔚,邢帅,贡皓霜,等.热碱水洗-机械脱水工艺处理石油污染土壤[J].现代化工, 2016, 36(6):63-66.
[17] GONG Z Q, DU A X, WANG Z B, et al. Experimental study on pyrolysis characteristics of oil sludge with a tube furnace reactor[J]. Energy&Fuels, 2017, 31(8):8102-8108.
[18] JIA H Z, ZHAO S, ZHOU X H, QU C T, et al. Low-temperature pyrolysis of oily sludge:Roles of Fe/Al-pillared bentonites[J].Archives of Environmental Protection, 2017, 43(3):82-90.
[19] TAIWO E A, OTOLORINJ A. Oil recovery from petroleum sludge by solvent extraction[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology,2009, 27(8):836-844.
[20]赵瑞玉,张超,刘宝洪,等.水辅助萃取法从油田含油污泥中回收原油[J].油田化学, 2015, 32(1):132-136.
[21] KHAIRUTDINOV V F, AKHMETZYANOV T R, GABITOV F R, et al. Extraction of oil-products from oil sludge with the use of liquid and supercritical fluid extraction processes with propane-butane extractant[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology,2016, 34(4):372-378.
[22]国家能源局.陆上石油天然气开采含油污泥资源化综合利用及污染控制技术要求:SY/T 7301-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2016.
[23]仝坤,宋启辉,刘光全.固废及土壤含油量检测方法研究进展[J].油气田环境保护, 2017, 27(6):5-7.
[24]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.原油水含量的测定:GB/T 8929-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.
[25]姜勇,赵萍,董铁有,等.含油污泥油含量测定方法[J].环境科学与管理, 2008, 33(2):115-117.
[26]国家市场监督管理总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.农用污泥污染物控制标准:GB 4284-2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018.
[2] NANEEKAR S, DHOTE M, KASHYAP S, et al. Microbe assisted phytoremediation of oil sludge and role of amendments:a mesocosm study[J]. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2015, 12(1):193-202.
[3]杨双春,刘国斌,张金辉,等.国内外含油污泥处理技术研究进展[J].现代化工, 2012, 32(11):36-39.
[4]李文岐,李艳芳,李丹东,等.含油污泥脱水萃取工艺研究[J].应用化工, 2017, 46(7):1263-1265.
[5] MONIKA D, ANIL K, ANJANA J, et al. Assessment of hydrocarbon degradation potentials in a plant-microbe interaction system with oil sludge contamination:A sustainable solution[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2017, 19(12):1085-1092.
[6] HU G, LI H, ZENG G. Recent development in the treatment of oily sludge from petroleum industry:A review[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 261(3):470-490.
[7] RAMASWAMY B, KAR D D, DE S. A study on recovery of oil from sludge containing oil using froth flotation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2006, 85(1):150-154.
[8] PAZOKI M, HASANIDARABADI B. Management of toxic and hazardous contents of oil sludge in Siri Island[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2017, 3(1):33-42.
[9] NEZHDBAHADORI F, ABDOLI M A, BAGHDADI M. A comparative study on the efficiency of polar and non-polar solvents in oil sludge recovery using solvent extraction[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018, 190(7):836-844.
[10] AZIM A A A, ABDUL-RAHEIM A R M, KAMEL R K, et al. Demulsifier systems applied to breakdown petroleum sludge[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2011, 78(2):364-370.
[11] GUO S H, LI G, QU J H, et al. Improvement of acidification on dewaterability of oily sludge from flotation[J]. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2011, 168(2):746-751.
[12] SCHMIDT H, KAMINSKY W. Pyrolysis of oil sludge in a fluidised bed reactor[J]. Chemosphere, 2001, 45(3):285-290.
[13] ZHANG L, CHO S, HASHISHO Z, et al. Quantification of fugitive emissions from an oil sands tailings pond by eddy covariance[J]. Fuel, 2019, 237(1):457-464.
[14]刁潘,刘静,张永奎,等.阴离子/非离子表面活性剂体系洗涤含油污泥[J].化工进展, 2014, 33(10):2753-2757.
[15] GAO Y X, DING R, CHEN X, et al. Ultrasonic washing for oily sludge treatment in pilot scale[J]. Ultrasonics, 2018, 90(3):1-4.
[16]谭蔚,邢帅,贡皓霜,等.热碱水洗-机械脱水工艺处理石油污染土壤[J].现代化工, 2016, 36(6):63-66.
[17] GONG Z Q, DU A X, WANG Z B, et al. Experimental study on pyrolysis characteristics of oil sludge with a tube furnace reactor[J]. Energy&Fuels, 2017, 31(8):8102-8108.
[18] JIA H Z, ZHAO S, ZHOU X H, QU C T, et al. Low-temperature pyrolysis of oily sludge:Roles of Fe/Al-pillared bentonites[J].Archives of Environmental Protection, 2017, 43(3):82-90.
[19] TAIWO E A, OTOLORINJ A. Oil recovery from petroleum sludge by solvent extraction[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology,2009, 27(8):836-844.
[20]赵瑞玉,张超,刘宝洪,等.水辅助萃取法从油田含油污泥中回收原油[J].油田化学, 2015, 32(1):132-136.
[21] KHAIRUTDINOV V F, AKHMETZYANOV T R, GABITOV F R, et al. Extraction of oil-products from oil sludge with the use of liquid and supercritical fluid extraction processes with propane-butane extractant[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology,2016, 34(4):372-378.
[22]国家能源局.陆上石油天然气开采含油污泥资源化综合利用及污染控制技术要求:SY/T 7301-2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2016.
[23]仝坤,宋启辉,刘光全.固废及土壤含油量检测方法研究进展[J].油气田环境保护, 2017, 27(6):5-7.
[24]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.原油水含量的测定:GB/T 8929-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.
[25]姜勇,赵萍,董铁有,等.含油污泥油含量测定方法[J].环境科学与管理, 2008, 33(2):115-117.
[26]国家市场监督管理总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.农用污泥污染物控制标准:GB 4284-2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018.