湿地植物水葱叶围真菌群落动态特征
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摘要
植物叶围存在大量真菌,它们伴随着植物从新生到死亡的整个过程,不同阶段下的植物生境调控着真菌群落结构、组成及多样性,受到人们的广泛关注。通过对滇西北地区典型湿地挺水植物水葱(Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani)在生长盛期阶段(A)、立枯阶段(B)、倒伏阶段(C)、沉水阶段(D)的植物叶片以及底泥(E)样品进行采集,使用超声水浴+剧烈震荡的方法收集叶围微生物,提取DNA,以Illumina Hi Seq测序平台对ITS片段进行测序,获得叶围真菌物种组成及相对丰度信息。结果表明,随着植物的生长、衰落与死亡,叶围真菌群落的α和β多样性均显著升高,群落结构复杂性增加,不同样品之间的异质性增高,群落组成差异逐渐增大。在属水平上,处于生长盛期和立枯阶段的叶围优势真菌分别为链格孢菌属(Alternaria)和隐球菌属(Cryptococcus),随着植物倒伏并沉入水体,赤霉菌属(Gibberella)和瓶霉菌属(Phialophora)逐渐侵入叶围成为优势菌。生长盛期、立枯、倒伏、沉水阶段植物样品之间的共有OTU数目仅为22个,而沉水样品与底泥之间的共有OTU数目多达99个,表明伴随植物死亡过程,叶围真菌群落与底泥真菌群落逐渐趋于一致。本研究揭示了水葱生长至死亡分解过程中真菌群落的演替规律,为研究湿地植物叶围真菌群落结构变化的内在机制提供了理论支持。
A number of fungi inhabit the phyllosphere,which accompany plants during their whole life history. The habitats of plants at different stages regulate the structure,composition and diversity of fungal community,which has been widely concerned. In northwestern Yunnan Province,we collected plant samples from a typical emergent wetland plant,Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani,during the growth stage( A),standing-dead stage( B),lodging stage( C),and submergence stage( D),and sediment samples( E) as a control. We extracted DNA after ultrasonic water bathing combined with vigorous shake methods,and sequenced ITS fragments using Illumina Hi Seq platform to obtain the composition and abundance information of the phyllospheric fungi community. With the growth,withering and death of S. tabernaemontani,the α-and β-diversity of phyllospheric fungal community significantly increased,and the complexity of community structure enhanced. The heterogeneity among different samples increased and the difference in community composition gradually enlarged during the whole process. At the genus level,Alternaria and Cryptococcus were the dominant ones during growth stage and standing-dead stage,while Gibberella and Phialophora gradually invaded into the phyllosphere and became the dominant one accompanied with plants in their lodging and submergence stages. Only 22 common OTUs were found in the samples A,B,C,and D,while 99 OTUs were shared by submergence stage and sediment,indicating that the phyllospheric fungal community tended to be consistent with the soil fungal community along with the plant death process. Our results reveal the succession of fungal community during plant life history,providing theoretical supports for further study on the underlying mechanisms shaping phyllospheric fungal community structure in wetland plants.
A number of fungi inhabit the phyllosphere,which accompany plants during their whole life history. The habitats of plants at different stages regulate the structure,composition and diversity of fungal community,which has been widely concerned. In northwestern Yunnan Province,we collected plant samples from a typical emergent wetland plant,Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani,during the growth stage( A),standing-dead stage( B),lodging stage( C),and submergence stage( D),and sediment samples( E) as a control. We extracted DNA after ultrasonic water bathing combined with vigorous shake methods,and sequenced ITS fragments using Illumina Hi Seq platform to obtain the composition and abundance information of the phyllospheric fungi community. With the growth,withering and death of S. tabernaemontani,the α-and β-diversity of phyllospheric fungal community significantly increased,and the complexity of community structure enhanced. The heterogeneity among different samples increased and the difference in community composition gradually enlarged during the whole process. At the genus level,Alternaria and Cryptococcus were the dominant ones during growth stage and standing-dead stage,while Gibberella and Phialophora gradually invaded into the phyllosphere and became the dominant one accompanied with plants in their lodging and submergence stages. Only 22 common OTUs were found in the samples A,B,C,and D,while 99 OTUs were shared by submergence stage and sediment,indicating that the phyllospheric fungal community tended to be consistent with the soil fungal community along with the plant death process. Our results reveal the succession of fungal community during plant life history,providing theoretical supports for further study on the underlying mechanisms shaping phyllospheric fungal community structure in wetland plants.
引文
陈牧,王晓娟,豆存艳,等.2012.AM真菌对草原生态系统中宿主植物与草食动物互作的调控.云南农业大学学报,27(3):430-439.
陈申习.2015.三株子囊菌的活性次级代谢产物研究(博士毕业论文).北京:中国科学院大学.
崔云凤,黄云,蒋伶活.2007.农业生产上几种重要的赤霉属真菌研究进展.中国农学通报,23(7):441-446.
高爽,刘笑尘,董铮,等.2016.叶际微生物及其与外界互作的研究进展.植物科学学报,34(4):654-661.
顾詠洁,王秀芝,廖祖荷.2005.利用着生生物群落动态变化监测水质的研究.华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,(4):87-94.
韩立刚,袁毅.2000.长白山分解纤维素的瓶霉属和外瓶霉属真菌.菌物学报,19(3):422-425.
何聃,任丽娟,邢鹏,等.2014.沉水植物附着细菌群落结构及其多样性研究进展.生命科学,26(2):161-168.
纪海婷,谢冬,周恒杰,等.2013.沉水植物附植生物群落生态学研究进展.湖泊科学,25(2):163-170.
李琳琳,汤祥明,高光,等.2013.沉水植物生态修复对西湖细菌多样性及群落结构的影响.湖泊科学,25(2):188-198.
刘凯辉,张松贺,吕小央,等.2015.南京花神湖3种沉水植物表面附着微生物群落特征.湖泊科学,27(1):103-112.
刘新,黄庆慧,江和龙,等.2016.浅水湖泊沉积物中水生植物残体降解过程及微生物群落变化.生态环境学报,25(3):489-495.
刘月廉,吕庆芳,潘颂民,等.2006.桉树林分枯落物分解微生物的种类和数量.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,30(1):75-78.
潘建刚,呼庆,齐鸿雁,等.2011.叶际微生物研究进展.生态学报,31(2):583-592.
钱旭,甘会云,杜勇涛,等.2016.龙南钾矿区常见蕨类植物可培养内生真菌的多样性.广西植物,36(3):342-348.
宋飘,张乃莉,马克平,等.2014.全球气候变暖对凋落物分解的影响.生态学报,34(6):1327-1339.
宋水山,赵芊.2018.细菌群体感应及其信号分子介导的植物-细菌跨界信息交流.微生物学杂志,38(1):1-11.
宋玉芝,秦伯强,高光.2007.附着生物对太湖沉水植物影响的初步研究.应用生态学报,18(4):928-932.
苏胜齐,沈盎绿,姚维志.2002.菹草着生藻类的群落结构与数量特征初步研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,24(3):255-258.
孙志高,刘景双.2007.湿地枯落物分解及其对全球变化的响应.生态学报,27(4):1606-1618.
肖德荣,田昆,袁华,等.2006.高原湿地纳帕海水生植物群落分布格局及变化.生态学报,26(11):3624-3630.
谢红艳.2006.我国部分区域链格孢属(Alternaria Nees)真菌的资源调查与形态和分子鉴定研究(硕士毕业论文).贵阳:贵州大学.
许俊萍,田昆,孙梅,等.2016.水葱构件生长对大气CO2浓度升高的响应.西南林业大学学报,36(5):84-88.
杨秀虹,彭琳婧,李适宇,等.2013.红树植物凋落叶分解对土壤可溶性有机质的影响.生态环境学报,22(6):924-930.
张丁予,章婷曦,董丹萍,等.2016.沉水植物对沉积物微生物群落结构影响:以洪泽湖湿地为例.环境科学,37(5):1734-1741.
张新厚,宫超.2013.湿地挺水植物凋落物立枯分解研究进展.生态环境学报,22(4):712-717.
郑九文,邢鹏,余多慰,等.2013.不同水生植物残体分解过程中真菌群落结构.生态学杂志,32(2):368-374.
郑九文.2013.水生植物分解过程中微生物群落多样性研究(硕士学位论文).南京:南京师范大学.
Aly AH,Debbab A,Proksch P.2011.Fungal endophytes:Unique plant inhabitants with great promises.Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,90:1829-1845.
Arivudainambi USE,Kanugula AK,Kotamraju S,et al.2014.Antibacterial effect of an extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata and its cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 tumour cell lines.Biological Letters,51:7-17.
Gessner MO,Gulis V,Kuehn KA,et al.2007.Fungal Decomposers of Plant Litter in Aquatic Ecosystems.Environmental and Microbial Relationships.Berlin:Springer:301-324.
James CS,Eaton JW,Hardwick K.2006.Responses of three invasive aquatic macrophytes to nutrient enrichment do not explain their observed field displacements.Aquatic Botany,84:347-353.
Kurian PS,Abraham K,Kumar PS.2012.Endophytic bacteria:Do they colonize within the plant tissues if applied externally?Current Science,103:626-628.
Lindahl B,Boberg J.2008.Chapter 10:Distribution and function of litter basidiomycetes in coniferous forests.British Mycological Society Symposia,28:183-196.
Newell SY.2001.Fungal biomass and productivity in standingdecaying leaves of black needlerush(Juncus roemerianus).Marine&Freshwater Research,52:249-255.
Verma B,Robarts RD,Headley JV.2003.Seasonal changes in fungal production and biomass on standing dead Scirpus lacustris litter in a northern prairie wetland.Applied&Environmental Microbiology,69:1043-1050.
Whipps JM,Hand P,Pink D,et al.2010.Phyllosphere microbiology with special reference to diversity and plant genotype.Journal of Applied Microbiology,105:1744-1755.
Zhao DY,Liu P,Fang C,et al.2013.Submerged macrophytes modify bacterial community composition in sediments in a large,shallow,freshwater lake.Canadian Journal of Microbiology,59:237-244.
陈申习.2015.三株子囊菌的活性次级代谢产物研究(博士毕业论文).北京:中国科学院大学.
崔云凤,黄云,蒋伶活.2007.农业生产上几种重要的赤霉属真菌研究进展.中国农学通报,23(7):441-446.
高爽,刘笑尘,董铮,等.2016.叶际微生物及其与外界互作的研究进展.植物科学学报,34(4):654-661.
顾詠洁,王秀芝,廖祖荷.2005.利用着生生物群落动态变化监测水质的研究.华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,(4):87-94.
韩立刚,袁毅.2000.长白山分解纤维素的瓶霉属和外瓶霉属真菌.菌物学报,19(3):422-425.
何聃,任丽娟,邢鹏,等.2014.沉水植物附着细菌群落结构及其多样性研究进展.生命科学,26(2):161-168.
纪海婷,谢冬,周恒杰,等.2013.沉水植物附植生物群落生态学研究进展.湖泊科学,25(2):163-170.
李琳琳,汤祥明,高光,等.2013.沉水植物生态修复对西湖细菌多样性及群落结构的影响.湖泊科学,25(2):188-198.
刘凯辉,张松贺,吕小央,等.2015.南京花神湖3种沉水植物表面附着微生物群落特征.湖泊科学,27(1):103-112.
刘新,黄庆慧,江和龙,等.2016.浅水湖泊沉积物中水生植物残体降解过程及微生物群落变化.生态环境学报,25(3):489-495.
刘月廉,吕庆芳,潘颂民,等.2006.桉树林分枯落物分解微生物的种类和数量.南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,30(1):75-78.
潘建刚,呼庆,齐鸿雁,等.2011.叶际微生物研究进展.生态学报,31(2):583-592.
钱旭,甘会云,杜勇涛,等.2016.龙南钾矿区常见蕨类植物可培养内生真菌的多样性.广西植物,36(3):342-348.
宋飘,张乃莉,马克平,等.2014.全球气候变暖对凋落物分解的影响.生态学报,34(6):1327-1339.
宋水山,赵芊.2018.细菌群体感应及其信号分子介导的植物-细菌跨界信息交流.微生物学杂志,38(1):1-11.
宋玉芝,秦伯强,高光.2007.附着生物对太湖沉水植物影响的初步研究.应用生态学报,18(4):928-932.
苏胜齐,沈盎绿,姚维志.2002.菹草着生藻类的群落结构与数量特征初步研究.西南大学学报:自然科学版,24(3):255-258.
孙志高,刘景双.2007.湿地枯落物分解及其对全球变化的响应.生态学报,27(4):1606-1618.
肖德荣,田昆,袁华,等.2006.高原湿地纳帕海水生植物群落分布格局及变化.生态学报,26(11):3624-3630.
谢红艳.2006.我国部分区域链格孢属(Alternaria Nees)真菌的资源调查与形态和分子鉴定研究(硕士毕业论文).贵阳:贵州大学.
许俊萍,田昆,孙梅,等.2016.水葱构件生长对大气CO2浓度升高的响应.西南林业大学学报,36(5):84-88.
杨秀虹,彭琳婧,李适宇,等.2013.红树植物凋落叶分解对土壤可溶性有机质的影响.生态环境学报,22(6):924-930.
张丁予,章婷曦,董丹萍,等.2016.沉水植物对沉积物微生物群落结构影响:以洪泽湖湿地为例.环境科学,37(5):1734-1741.
张新厚,宫超.2013.湿地挺水植物凋落物立枯分解研究进展.生态环境学报,22(4):712-717.
郑九文,邢鹏,余多慰,等.2013.不同水生植物残体分解过程中真菌群落结构.生态学杂志,32(2):368-374.
郑九文.2013.水生植物分解过程中微生物群落多样性研究(硕士学位论文).南京:南京师范大学.
Aly AH,Debbab A,Proksch P.2011.Fungal endophytes:Unique plant inhabitants with great promises.Applied Microbiology&Biotechnology,90:1829-1845.
Arivudainambi USE,Kanugula AK,Kotamraju S,et al.2014.Antibacterial effect of an extract of the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata and its cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 and MDA MB-231 tumour cell lines.Biological Letters,51:7-17.
Gessner MO,Gulis V,Kuehn KA,et al.2007.Fungal Decomposers of Plant Litter in Aquatic Ecosystems.Environmental and Microbial Relationships.Berlin:Springer:301-324.
James CS,Eaton JW,Hardwick K.2006.Responses of three invasive aquatic macrophytes to nutrient enrichment do not explain their observed field displacements.Aquatic Botany,84:347-353.
Kurian PS,Abraham K,Kumar PS.2012.Endophytic bacteria:Do they colonize within the plant tissues if applied externally?Current Science,103:626-628.
Lindahl B,Boberg J.2008.Chapter 10:Distribution and function of litter basidiomycetes in coniferous forests.British Mycological Society Symposia,28:183-196.
Newell SY.2001.Fungal biomass and productivity in standingdecaying leaves of black needlerush(Juncus roemerianus).Marine&Freshwater Research,52:249-255.
Verma B,Robarts RD,Headley JV.2003.Seasonal changes in fungal production and biomass on standing dead Scirpus lacustris litter in a northern prairie wetland.Applied&Environmental Microbiology,69:1043-1050.
Whipps JM,Hand P,Pink D,et al.2010.Phyllosphere microbiology with special reference to diversity and plant genotype.Journal of Applied Microbiology,105:1744-1755.
Zhao DY,Liu P,Fang C,et al.2013.Submerged macrophytes modify bacterial community composition in sediments in a large,shallow,freshwater lake.Canadian Journal of Microbiology,59:237-244.
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