《水浒传》杰克逊译本研究——从布迪厄的“信念”(doxa)谈起
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摘要
"信念"(doxa)是布迪厄社会学理论工具之一,源自行动者对客观世界的误识(misrecognition),是正统与异端的切分。将布迪厄的"信念"引入翻译研究,可与场域、资本、惯习共同探究译本背后的社会因素;并以此为基础,研究《水浒传》杰克逊译本1963版和2010版背后的社会文化因素。研究发现,翻译场域中的信念,在资本上表现为译者进入目标场域实践的资格,在惯习上表现为译者种族中心主义或尊重多元文化的翻译倾向,在场域上表现为译者对行动者间利害关系的识别;杰克逊受其信念影响,表现出种族中心主义的翻译倾向,打造出通顺晓畅的1963版译本; 2010版译本由爱德文·劳作为编辑,更新人名、称谓与度量衡的翻译,并借用沙博里译本的译名作为副标题;最终译本的背后是多个行动者所持信念的斗争与妥协。
Doxa,one of the conceptual tools in Bourdieu's sociology,originates from social agent's misrecognition of the objective world,and can be regarded as the division of orthodoxy and heterodoxy.The introduction of doxa into translation studies might assist the research in the social factors behind the translated text with field,capital and habitus. Then,on the basis of the study,the social and cultural factors behind the translation of Water Margin(1963 version and 2010 version) by J. H. Jackson are examined. The research shows that doxa in the translated field illustrates the qualification of the translatorto practice in the target field in terms of capital,his translating tendency to ethnocentrism or cultural diversity from the aspect of habitus and his recognition of power relations between agents on the basis of field. Influenced by his doxa,Jackson produced a smooth and transparent Water Margin(1963 version)under his translating tendency to ethnocentrism. The Water Margin(2010 version) was proofread by Edwin Lowe who updated the translation of personal names,titles and units of measurement,and borrowed the title of Shapiro's translation of Outlaws of the Marsh as the subtitle. The translated text as the final product is underpinned by the struggle and compromise of agents with different doxa.
Doxa,one of the conceptual tools in Bourdieu's sociology,originates from social agent's misrecognition of the objective world,and can be regarded as the division of orthodoxy and heterodoxy.The introduction of doxa into translation studies might assist the research in the social factors behind the translated text with field,capital and habitus. Then,on the basis of the study,the social and cultural factors behind the translation of Water Margin(1963 version and 2010 version) by J. H. Jackson are examined. The research shows that doxa in the translated field illustrates the qualification of the translatorto practice in the target field in terms of capital,his translating tendency to ethnocentrism or cultural diversity from the aspect of habitus and his recognition of power relations between agents on the basis of field. Influenced by his doxa,Jackson produced a smooth and transparent Water Margin(1963 version)under his translating tendency to ethnocentrism. The Water Margin(2010 version) was proofread by Edwin Lowe who updated the translation of personal names,titles and units of measurement,and borrowed the title of Shapiro's translation of Outlaws of the Marsh as the subtitle. The translated text as the final product is underpinned by the struggle and compromise of agents with different doxa.
引文
[1]汤金霞,梅阳春,黄文.《水浒传》英译研究:成绩、问题与对策[J].南京师大学报(社会科学版),2015(3):119-125.
[2]王畅.《水浒传》杰克逊译本中习语翻译的补偿研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[3]陈丽丽.《水浒传》中带标记的被动句式英译研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[4]黄昭奎.操控理论视角下《水浒传》的文化词语翻译[D].天津:天津财经大学,2013.
[5]魏莉.《水浒传》三个英译本的比较研究———兼谈文学翻译中译者的“创造性叛逆”[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(社会科学版),2009,11(3):219-222.
[6]孙建成.水浒传英译的语言与文化[D].天津:南开大学,2007.
[7]刘克强.《水浒传》四英译本翻译特征多维度对比研究[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2013.
[8]沙博里.《水浒传》的英译[J].中国翻译,1984(2):29-32.
[9]邵璐.翻译社会学的迷思———布迪厄场域理论释解[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2011,33(3):124-130.
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[11] Davids. Culture and power:the sociology of pierre bour-dieu[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1997.
[12] Bourdieu P. The logic of practice[M]. Standford:Stand-ford University Press,1990.
[13] Bourdieu P. An invitation to reflexive sociology[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1992.
[14] Bourdieu P. Sociology in question[M]. London:SagePublication,1993.
[15] Inghilleri M. Bourdieu and the sociology of translationand interpreting[J]. The Translator,2005,11(2):125-145.
[16]陆志国.茅盾五四伊始的翻译转向:布迪厄的视角[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2013,36(2):89-94.
[17] Simeoni D. The pivotal status of the translator’s habitus[J]. Target,1998(1):1-40.
[18] Sela S R. How to be a(recognized)translator:rethin-king habitus,norms,and the field of translation[J].Target,2005(1):1-26.
[19]曹明伦.以所有译其所无,以归化引进异质———对新世纪中国译坛异化归化大讨论的回顾与反思[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2011,32(4):114-119.
[20] Venuti L. Rethinking translation:discourse,subjectivity,ideology[M]. London:Routledge,1992.
[21]王丽娜.《水浒传》在国外[J].武汉师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版),1983(1):118-127.
[22] Lefevere A. Translation,rewriting and the manipulationof literary fame[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Lan-guage Education Press,2005.
[23] Shi N A. The water margin:outlaws of the marsh[M].Tokyo:Tuttle Publishing,2010.
[24]施耐庵,罗贯中.水浒传[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1997.
[25] Shi N A. Water Margin[M]. Hong Kong:The Commer-cial Press,1963.
[26] Shi N A. All men are brothers[M]. New York:TheJohn Day Company,1933.
[27]张霄军.中文音译规范化的自动实现———以威妥玛-翟里斯式拼音转写为例[J].中国科技术语,2016(6):13-16.
[2]王畅.《水浒传》杰克逊译本中习语翻译的补偿研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[3]陈丽丽.《水浒传》中带标记的被动句式英译研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2008.
[4]黄昭奎.操控理论视角下《水浒传》的文化词语翻译[D].天津:天津财经大学,2013.
[5]魏莉.《水浒传》三个英译本的比较研究———兼谈文学翻译中译者的“创造性叛逆”[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(社会科学版),2009,11(3):219-222.
[6]孙建成.水浒传英译的语言与文化[D].天津:南开大学,2007.
[7]刘克强.《水浒传》四英译本翻译特征多维度对比研究[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2013.
[8]沙博里.《水浒传》的英译[J].中国翻译,1984(2):29-32.
[9]邵璐.翻译社会学的迷思———布迪厄场域理论释解[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2011,33(3):124-130.
[10] Bourdieu P. Outline of a theory of practice[M]. Cam-birdge:Cambridge University Press,1977.
[11] Davids. Culture and power:the sociology of pierre bour-dieu[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1997.
[12] Bourdieu P. The logic of practice[M]. Standford:Stand-ford University Press,1990.
[13] Bourdieu P. An invitation to reflexive sociology[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1992.
[14] Bourdieu P. Sociology in question[M]. London:SagePublication,1993.
[15] Inghilleri M. Bourdieu and the sociology of translationand interpreting[J]. The Translator,2005,11(2):125-145.
[16]陆志国.茅盾五四伊始的翻译转向:布迪厄的视角[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2013,36(2):89-94.
[17] Simeoni D. The pivotal status of the translator’s habitus[J]. Target,1998(1):1-40.
[18] Sela S R. How to be a(recognized)translator:rethin-king habitus,norms,and the field of translation[J].Target,2005(1):1-26.
[19]曹明伦.以所有译其所无,以归化引进异质———对新世纪中国译坛异化归化大讨论的回顾与反思[J].西南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2011,32(4):114-119.
[20] Venuti L. Rethinking translation:discourse,subjectivity,ideology[M]. London:Routledge,1992.
[21]王丽娜.《水浒传》在国外[J].武汉师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版),1983(1):118-127.
[22] Lefevere A. Translation,rewriting and the manipulationof literary fame[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Lan-guage Education Press,2005.
[23] Shi N A. The water margin:outlaws of the marsh[M].Tokyo:Tuttle Publishing,2010.
[24]施耐庵,罗贯中.水浒传[M].北京:人民文学出版社,1997.
[25] Shi N A. Water Margin[M]. Hong Kong:The Commer-cial Press,1963.
[26] Shi N A. All men are brothers[M]. New York:TheJohn Day Company,1933.
[27]张霄军.中文音译规范化的自动实现———以威妥玛-翟里斯式拼音转写为例[J].中国科技术语,2016(6):13-16.
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