新型卡瓦式高温高压水力锚的研制与试验
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摘要
西部油田超深碳酸盐岩储层部分井需进行酸压施工才能获得工业油气流,施工初期压力高,沟通储层后压力快速下降,存在压力反转的现象。目前使用的常规水力锚存在对套管损伤大、密封性能弱、压力反转时无法锚定导致封隔器失封等问题。鉴于此,研制了新型卡瓦式高温高压水力锚。该水力锚采用支撑密封结构,可增强密封能力;采用桶状卡瓦,可减小对套管的损伤;采用机械锁紧机构,可解决压力反转锚定失效的问题;采用C形弹力环机构,可有效解决重复酸压问题。试验结果表明:新型卡瓦式高温高压水力锚耐压达到70 MPa,C形弹力环能进行6次以上有效锁定;在坐封压力20 MPa下,锚定力在490 kN以上。该水力锚可有效地提高深层碳酸盐岩储层酸压完井施工成功率,为油田的高效开发提供技术支撑。
Some wells in the ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in the western China oilfield need to be stimulated by acid fracturing to obtain industrial oil flow. The high pressure in the initial stage of stimulation,and the rapid pressure drop after communicating the reservoir results in a phenomenon of pressure reversal. Conventional hydraulic anchors currently used have problems such as large damage to the casing,inferior sealing performance and anchor failure owing to pressure reversal,resulting in sealing failure of packer. To address the problem,a new sliptype of HTHP hydraulic anchor is developed. The hydraulic anchor adopts a supporting sealing structure to enhance the sealing capacity,the barrel-shaped slip to reduce the damage to the casing,the mechanical locking mechanism to address the anchoring failure caused by pressure reversal,and the C-shaped elastic ring to address the challenge of repeat acid fracturing. The test shows that the new developed hydraulic anchor has a pressure capacity of 70 MPa.The C-shaped elastic ring can carry out locking more than 6 times. Under the setting pressure of 20 MPa,the anchoring force is above 490 k N. The new developed hydraulic anchor can effectively improve the success rate of acid fracturing operation in deep carbonate reservoirs,and provide technical support for efficient development of oil fields.
Some wells in the ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in the western China oilfield need to be stimulated by acid fracturing to obtain industrial oil flow. The high pressure in the initial stage of stimulation,and the rapid pressure drop after communicating the reservoir results in a phenomenon of pressure reversal. Conventional hydraulic anchors currently used have problems such as large damage to the casing,inferior sealing performance and anchor failure owing to pressure reversal,resulting in sealing failure of packer. To address the problem,a new sliptype of HTHP hydraulic anchor is developed. The hydraulic anchor adopts a supporting sealing structure to enhance the sealing capacity,the barrel-shaped slip to reduce the damage to the casing,the mechanical locking mechanism to address the anchoring failure caused by pressure reversal,and the C-shaped elastic ring to address the challenge of repeat acid fracturing. The test shows that the new developed hydraulic anchor has a pressure capacity of 70 MPa.The C-shaped elastic ring can carry out locking more than 6 times. Under the setting pressure of 20 MPa,the anchoring force is above 490 k N. The new developed hydraulic anchor can effectively improve the success rate of acid fracturing operation in deep carbonate reservoirs,and provide technical support for efficient development of oil fields.
引文
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[2]程智远,郭群,强华. Y341-115注水封隔器移动的计算和防止[J].钻采工艺,1999,22(2):40-42.CHENG Z Y, GUO Q, QIANG H. Calculating andpreventing migration of Y241-115 water injection packer[J]. Drilling&Production Technology, 1999, 22(2):40-42.
[3]邹群,张贵才,钱钦,等.斜置锚爪式水力锚研制与应用[J].石油矿场机械,2013,42(12):98-100.ZOU Q,ZHANG G C,QIAN Q,et al. Developmentand application of oblique-billed hydraulic anchor[J].Oil Field Equipment,2013,42(12):98-100.
[4]董世红.软锚爪水力锚的研制与应用[J].石油机械,2008,36(7):48-51.DONG S H. Development and application of hydraulicanchor for soft anchorage[J]. China Petroleum Ma-chinery,2008,36(7):48-51.
[5]肖国华,王玲玲,王芳,等.高温高压油管锚定器的研制与应用[J].石油机械,2016,44(4):94-96.XIAO G H,WANG L L,WANG F,et al. High temp-etature and high pressure tubing anchor[J]. China Pe-troleum Machinery,2016,44(4):94-96.
[6]游兴友,高飞,孟庆民,等.防顶锚定器的研制与应用[J].石油机械,2003,31(5):33-35.YOU X Y,GAO F,MENG Q M,et al. Developmentand application of up-running-proof anchor[J]. ChinaPetroleum Machinery,2003,31(5):33-35.
[7]黎文才,张胭脂,董建伟. ZYT441-114桶式卡瓦封隔器的研制[J].石油机械,2001,29(4):36-38.LI W C,ZHANG Y Z,DANG J W. A barrel-type slippacker[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2001, 29(4):36-38.
[8]刘洋,杨晋,张剑平,等.开口圆环过盈联接力学分析[J].航空精密制造技术,2014,50(4):55-57.LIU Y,YANG J,ZHANG J P,et al. Mechanical anal-ysis of opening ring with interference fit[J]. AviationPrecision Manufacturing Technology,2014,50(4):55-57.