蓄水条件下盐碱土中盐分空间变化特征
|
摘要
根据陕西卤泊滩地区盐碱地整治工程,修建模拟装置,通过测定土体中盐分含量的空间变化,研究蓄水条件下土壤盐分的运移特征,为当地盐碱地治理提供理论支撑。结果表明,盐碱土土体一侧蓄水后,土体中的盐分顺着盐分梯度向水体中弥散,水体中的含盐量变化呈现由低到高的趋势,最终与土体间达到动态平衡;在土体垂直方向上,0~60 cm土体盐分减少,盐分含量主要集中在距地表100 cm左右处;在水平方向上,水体对于土体的作用范围为9 m,除此以外土体盐分含量变化不大。说明在试验该模型下,蓄水条件对距其一定范围内的盐碱土体具有改善效果。
According to the Lubotan saline and alkaline field consolidation project,the simulating device was built to study the distribution of salt under impounding by detecting salt content,which might provide theoretical support for local saline-alkali land management. The results showed that after impounding in the side of saline-alkali soil,the salt in soil layer dispersed to the water with the salt gradient,changes of water salt showed a trend from low to high,eventually the salt reached the dynamic balance between water and soil. In the vertical direction of soil profile,soil salt in 0 ~ 60 cm was reduced. Salt content of soil was concentrated in 100 cm below the surface. In the horizontal direction,water influential distance was 9 m,and soil salt which was more than 9 m away from the water was little changed. Therefore,saline and alkaline field could be improved under impounding condition in a certain range.
According to the Lubotan saline and alkaline field consolidation project,the simulating device was built to study the distribution of salt under impounding by detecting salt content,which might provide theoretical support for local saline-alkali land management. The results showed that after impounding in the side of saline-alkali soil,the salt in soil layer dispersed to the water with the salt gradient,changes of water salt showed a trend from low to high,eventually the salt reached the dynamic balance between water and soil. In the vertical direction of soil profile,soil salt in 0 ~ 60 cm was reduced. Salt content of soil was concentrated in 100 cm below the surface. In the horizontal direction,water influential distance was 9 m,and soil salt which was more than 9 m away from the water was little changed. Therefore,saline and alkaline field could be improved under impounding condition in a certain range.
引文
[1]王佳丽,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.盐碱地可持续利用研究综述[J].地理学报,2011,66(5):673-684.
[2]王若水,康跃虎,万书勤,等.水分调控对盐碱地土壤盐分与养分含量及分布的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(14):96-104.
[3]罗纨,贾忠华,方树星,等.灌区稻田控制排水对排水量及盐分影响的试验研究[J].水利学报,2006,37(5):608-612.
[4]雷志栋,胡和平,杨诗秀,等.以土壤水为中心的农区一非农区水均衡模型[J].灌溉排水,1999,18(2):47-51.
[5]韩霁昌,李晓明,孙剑虹,等.卤泊滩典型田块土壤盐分三维空间分布研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(5):847-854.
[6]解建仓,韩霁昌,王涛,等.蓄水和蒸发条件下土壤过渡层中水盐运移规律研究[J].水利学报,2010,41(2):239-244.
[7]李娟,韩霁昌,张扬,等.蓄排水条件下盐碱地土壤盐分运移特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):116-120.
[8]余根坚,黄介生,高占义.基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水盐运移模拟[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):826-834.
[9]周和平,王少丽,吴旭春.膜下滴灌微区环境对土壤水盐运移的影响[J].水科学进展,2014,25(6):816-824.
[10]孙林,罗毅.膜下滴灌棉田土壤水盐运移简化模型[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(24):105-114.
[11]李远.基于HYDRUS模型的一维及三维入渗条件下土壤水盐运移规律研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2015.
[12]解雪峰,濮励杰,朱明,等.土壤水盐运移模型研究进展及展望[J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1565-1572.
[13]吴向东,陈小兵,吕真真,等.黄河三角洲农田灌溉前后土壤盐分时空变异特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):194-199,243.
[14]吴晔.陕西创造盐碱土地整理新模式[N].中国国土资源报,2008-6-27(1).
[15]Santa-Cruz A,Acosta M,Rus A,et al.Short-term salt tolerance mechanisms in differentially salt tolerant tomato species[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,1999,37(1):65-71.
[16]孙博,汪妮,解建仓.蓄水条件下土壤-水体水盐运移的室内试验[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2009,40(2):245-247.
[17]王伟.蓄水条件下土壤过渡层水盐运移试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.
[18]叶校飞.蓄水条件下蓄水沟水体与相邻土壤的盐分运移规律研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.
[2]王若水,康跃虎,万书勤,等.水分调控对盐碱地土壤盐分与养分含量及分布的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(14):96-104.
[3]罗纨,贾忠华,方树星,等.灌区稻田控制排水对排水量及盐分影响的试验研究[J].水利学报,2006,37(5):608-612.
[4]雷志栋,胡和平,杨诗秀,等.以土壤水为中心的农区一非农区水均衡模型[J].灌溉排水,1999,18(2):47-51.
[5]韩霁昌,李晓明,孙剑虹,等.卤泊滩典型田块土壤盐分三维空间分布研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(5):847-854.
[6]解建仓,韩霁昌,王涛,等.蓄水和蒸发条件下土壤过渡层中水盐运移规律研究[J].水利学报,2010,41(2):239-244.
[7]李娟,韩霁昌,张扬,等.蓄排水条件下盐碱地土壤盐分运移特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):116-120.
[8]余根坚,黄介生,高占义.基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水盐运移模拟[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):826-834.
[9]周和平,王少丽,吴旭春.膜下滴灌微区环境对土壤水盐运移的影响[J].水科学进展,2014,25(6):816-824.
[10]孙林,罗毅.膜下滴灌棉田土壤水盐运移简化模型[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(24):105-114.
[11]李远.基于HYDRUS模型的一维及三维入渗条件下土壤水盐运移规律研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2015.
[12]解雪峰,濮励杰,朱明,等.土壤水盐运移模型研究进展及展望[J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1565-1572.
[13]吴向东,陈小兵,吕真真,等.黄河三角洲农田灌溉前后土壤盐分时空变异特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):194-199,243.
[14]吴晔.陕西创造盐碱土地整理新模式[N].中国国土资源报,2008-6-27(1).
[15]Santa-Cruz A,Acosta M,Rus A,et al.Short-term salt tolerance mechanisms in differentially salt tolerant tomato species[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,1999,37(1):65-71.
[16]孙博,汪妮,解建仓.蓄水条件下土壤-水体水盐运移的室内试验[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2009,40(2):245-247.
[17]王伟.蓄水条件下土壤过渡层水盐运移试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.
[18]叶校飞.蓄水条件下蓄水沟水体与相邻土壤的盐分运移规律研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2010.