铜离子胁迫对近江牡蛎软体组织及贝壳重金属含量的影响
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摘要
研究铜离子胁迫下近江牡蛎(Crassostrea rivularis)软体组织和壳矿化组织中重金属的变化特征。结果表明:在一定铜离子质量浓度范围内,近江牡蛎体内不同重金属含量的变化趋势有所差异。对照组与2个实验组的牡蛎软体组织中铜(Cu)质量含量分别为67.42,255.50,299.83 mg·kg~(-1),实验组的Cu质量含量均显著高于对照组。随水体铜离子浓度的升高锌(Zn)质量含量呈增加趋势,分别为984.17,1 075.00,1 120.83 mg·kg~(-1);而砷(As)和铅(Pb)呈下降趋势,镉(Cd)质量含量未出现明显变化。牡蛎软体组织中的Cu和Zn含量通常高于壳中的含量。随着水体Cu~(2+)质量浓度从0.10 mg·L~(-1)上升到0.15mg·L~(-1),牡蛎壳中央的Cu质量含量分别为10.25,11.17,17.83 mg·kg~(-1),壳边缘的Cu质量含量分别为10.33,12.83,19.75 mg·kg~(-1),实验组的Cu质量含量均显著高于对照组,而且壳边缘新形成部分的Cu质量含量略高于壳中央部位。
An attempt was made to analyze the changes of heavy metals in the soft tissue and shells of Crassostrea rivularis under the stress of copper ion. The results showed that the changes of the contents of different heavy metals in C. rivularis varied within a certain range of copper ion concentration. In the control group and the two experimental groups, the contents of copper in the soft tissue of C. rivularis were 67.42, 255.50 and 299.83 mg·kg~(-1), respectively. The content of copper in the soft tissue of C. rivularis was significantly higher in the experimental groups than in the control group. With the increase of copper ion concentration in the water, the contents of zinc in the soft tissue of C. rivularis in the control and two experimental groups were 984.17, 1 075.00 and 1 120.83 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, while As and Pb contents showed a downward trend, and Cd content had no significant change. In addition, the contents of Cu and Zn were generally higher in the soft tissue than in the shells. With the increase of copper ion concentration from 0.10 mg·L~(-1) to 0.15 mg·L~(-1), the contents of copper in the shell center of C. rivularis were 10.25, 11.17 and 17.83 mg·kg~(-1), the contents of copper in the shell edge were 10.33, 12.83 and 19.75 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, and the contents of copper in both shell edge and central parts rose significantly. And the content of Cu was higher in the newly formed shell edge than in the other parts of the shell.
An attempt was made to analyze the changes of heavy metals in the soft tissue and shells of Crassostrea rivularis under the stress of copper ion. The results showed that the changes of the contents of different heavy metals in C. rivularis varied within a certain range of copper ion concentration. In the control group and the two experimental groups, the contents of copper in the soft tissue of C. rivularis were 67.42, 255.50 and 299.83 mg·kg~(-1), respectively. The content of copper in the soft tissue of C. rivularis was significantly higher in the experimental groups than in the control group. With the increase of copper ion concentration in the water, the contents of zinc in the soft tissue of C. rivularis in the control and two experimental groups were 984.17, 1 075.00 and 1 120.83 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, while As and Pb contents showed a downward trend, and Cd content had no significant change. In addition, the contents of Cu and Zn were generally higher in the soft tissue than in the shells. With the increase of copper ion concentration from 0.10 mg·L~(-1) to 0.15 mg·L~(-1), the contents of copper in the shell center of C. rivularis were 10.25, 11.17 and 17.83 mg·kg~(-1), the contents of copper in the shell edge were 10.33, 12.83 and 19.75 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, and the contents of copper in both shell edge and central parts rose significantly. And the content of Cu was higher in the newly formed shell edge than in the other parts of the shell.
引文
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[27] 张聪,陈聚法,马绍赛,等.褶牡蛎对水体中重金属铜和镉的富集动力学特性[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(5):64-72.
[28] 张少娜,孙耀,宋云利,等.紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)对4种重金属的生物富集动力学特性研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2004,35(5):438-445.
[29] 王晓丽,孙耀,张少娜,等.牡蛎对重金属生物富集动力学特性研究[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):1086-1090.
[30] 宋德宏,丁永生,程远杰.近岸海域贝壳与海水重金属含量的相关性研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2007,7(2):192-195.
[31] WILT F H.Biomineralization of the spicules of sea urchin embryos[J].Zoological Science,2002,19(3):253.
[32] ZHANG G F,FANG X D,Guo X M,et al.The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation[J].Nature,2012,490:49-54.
[33] 赖增隆,方展强.利用牡蛎壳体作为近海重金属污染标记物的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015(15):196-198.
[2] CHEUNG K C,POON B H,LAN C Y,et al.Assessment of metal and nutrient concentrations in river water and sediment collected from the cities in the Pearl River Delta,South China[J].Chemosphere,2003,52(9):1431-1440.
[3] YAP C K,ISMAIL A,TAN S G.Heavy metal (Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn) concentrations in the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus) collected from some wild and aquacultural sites in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia[J].Food Chemistry,2004,84(4):569-575.
[4] AUDRY S,SCH?FER J,BLANC G,et al.Fifty-year sedimentary record of heavy metal pollution (Cd,Zn,Cu,Pb) in the Lot River Reservoirs (France)[J].Environmental Pollution,2004,132(3):413-426.
[5] 王如才,王昭萍,张建中.海水贝类养殖学[M].青岛:海洋大学出版社,1993.
[6] 赵鹏,张荣灿,覃仙玲,等.北部湾钦州港近江牡蛎重金属污染分析[J].水产学报,2017,41(5):806-815.
[7] 付文超,孟范平,王志峰,等.北部湾潮间带沉积物和双壳类动物中的重金属,污梁特征与生物积累[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(5):1401-1409.
[8] HUANG H,WU J Y,WU J H.Heavy metal monitoring using bivalved shellfish from Zhejiang Coastal Waters,East China Sea[J].Environmental Monitoring & Assessment,2007,129(1/2/3):315-320.
[9] 方玲,马海霞,李来好,等.华南地区近江牡蛎营养成分分析及评价[J].食品工业科技,2018(2):301-307.
[10] 李晓梅,郭体环,张来军,等.海洋酸化背景下铅胁迫对近江牡蛎溶菌酶活性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(12):297-299.
[11] 马建新,张宜奎,宋秀凯,等.重金属胁迫对海洋贝类毒性研究进展[J].海洋湖沼通报,2011(2):35-42.
[12] 宁军号,白伟,宋坚,等.4种重金属离子对偏顶蛤的急性毒性效应[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):290-294.
[13] 常元勋,赵超英.金属毒理学[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2008:97-99.
[14] 霍礼辉.泥蚶对重金属(铜、铅、镉)的富集和响应初步研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2012.
[15] 葛奇伟,徐永健,葛君远.象山港养殖区缢蛏和泥蚶的Cu、Cd、Pb含量及其健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(8):2042-2048.
[16] 孙莉娜,黄玉英.厦门沿海贝类中重金属的含量及污染状况评价[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,41(2):181-184.
[17] DE SOUZA R V,GARBOSSA L H,CAMPOS C J,et al.Metals and pesticides in commercial bivalve mollusc production areas in the North and South Bays,Santa Catarina (Brazil)[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2016,105(1):377-384.
[18] 姜元欣,王伟涛,陈德慰,等.广西北部湾水域贝类重金属污染分析与南宁市民贝类食用风险分析[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(8):52-55.
[19] 姚茹,黎小正.广西沿海主要贝类养殖区海水、表层沉积物及近江牡蛎体内重金属镉监测与评价[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(1):316-318.
[20] 杜克梅.海南省近岸海域主要经济贝类重金属污染调查与评价[D].广州:暨南大学,2013.
[21] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB17378-2007 海洋监测规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[22] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB18668.4-2002海洋沉积物质量标准[S].北京:中国标准化出版社,2002.
[23] 史博.福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)铜富集相关基因的研究[D].厦门:厦门大学,2015.
[24] 翁焕新.重金属在牡蛎(Crassostrea virginica)中的生物积累及其影响因素的研究[J].环境科学学报,1996,16(1):51-58.
[25] LEHTONEN K K,LEINI? S.Effects of exposure to copper and malathion on metallothionein levels and acetylcholinesterase activity of the mussel Mytilus edulis and the clam Macoma balthica from the northern Baltic Sea[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology,2003,71(3):489-496.
[26] 孙元芹,孙福新,王颖,等.太平洋牡蛎对铜的生物富集动力学特性研究[J].渔业现代化,2014,41(2):32-37.
[27] 张聪,陈聚法,马绍赛,等.褶牡蛎对水体中重金属铜和镉的富集动力学特性[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(5):64-72.
[28] 张少娜,孙耀,宋云利,等.紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)对4种重金属的生物富集动力学特性研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2004,35(5):438-445.
[29] 王晓丽,孙耀,张少娜,等.牡蛎对重金属生物富集动力学特性研究[J].生态学报,2004,24(5):1086-1090.
[30] 宋德宏,丁永生,程远杰.近岸海域贝壳与海水重金属含量的相关性研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2007,7(2):192-195.
[31] WILT F H.Biomineralization of the spicules of sea urchin embryos[J].Zoological Science,2002,19(3):253.
[32] ZHANG G F,FANG X D,Guo X M,et al.The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation[J].Nature,2012,490:49-54.
[33] 赖增隆,方展强.利用牡蛎壳体作为近海重金属污染标记物的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015(15):196-198.
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