铜尾矿渗出液胁迫下不同浓度EM菌肥对植物生长及Cu离子富集的影响
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摘要
以美人蕉(Canna glauca)和萍蓬草(Nuphar pumilum)为试材,采用盆栽法,研究了不同浓度EM菌肥(1 000、2 000、4 000、8 000倍液)对铜尾矿渗出液中植物生长及Cu离子富集的影响,以期为EM菌肥实际应用于修复和治理矿区废弃尾矿渗出液水质及植物筛选提供依据。结果表明:在铜尾矿渗出液胁迫下,EM菌肥处理下美人蕉幼苗叶数、根数均大于对照;高浓度EM菌肥对美人蕉和萍蓬草株高均有抑制作用,而低浓度对2种植物的根长有促进作用。在不同浓度EM菌肥处理下美人蕉幼苗耐性指数均高于对照,萍蓬草则表现出低浓度EM菌肥处理耐性指数大于对照。在4 000倍液浓度下美人蕉地上部Cu离子含量最高,是对照的1.16倍,而地下部Cu离子含量在4 000倍液时最低。EM菌肥一定程度上促进了美人蕉地下部Cu离子向地上部转移。添加不同浓度EM菌肥一定程上均促进了2种植物对Cu离子的富集,对萍蓬草的促进程度高于美人蕉。
Canna glauca and Nuphar pumilum were used as test materials,the method of potted was adopt,the effects of different concentrations of the EM bacterial manure(1 000,2 000,4 000,8 000 times solution)on the growth and Cu ion enrichment of two kinds of plants cultivated in copper tailings exudation were studied,in order to provide basis for the application of EM bacteria manure in the restoration of the copper tailings exudation water and plant screening.The results showed that under the copper tailing effusion stress,the number of leaves and roots of C.glaucaseedlings which were treated with EM bacterial manure at different concentrations were higher than control.High concentration of EM bacterial manure could inhibit the height of both C.glauca and N.pumilum,while low concentration could promote the root length of both plants.The tolerance index of C.glauca seedlings was higher than control at different concentrations of EM,while the tolerance index of N.pumilumseedlings was higher than control at low concentrations of EM.The Cu ion content(4 000 times solution)in the aboveground part of C.glauca was the highest,1.16 times that of the control,the Cu ion content in the underground part was the lowest at EM 4 000 times solution.Thus EM bacterial manure promoted Cu ion transfer in the underground part of C.glaucato the aboveground part to some extent.The experimental results also indicated that the addition of EM bacterial manure with different concentrations promoted the enrichment of Cu ions in both plants,and the effect of the N.pumilum was better than that of C.glauca.
Canna glauca and Nuphar pumilum were used as test materials,the method of potted was adopt,the effects of different concentrations of the EM bacterial manure(1 000,2 000,4 000,8 000 times solution)on the growth and Cu ion enrichment of two kinds of plants cultivated in copper tailings exudation were studied,in order to provide basis for the application of EM bacteria manure in the restoration of the copper tailings exudation water and plant screening.The results showed that under the copper tailing effusion stress,the number of leaves and roots of C.glaucaseedlings which were treated with EM bacterial manure at different concentrations were higher than control.High concentration of EM bacterial manure could inhibit the height of both C.glauca and N.pumilum,while low concentration could promote the root length of both plants.The tolerance index of C.glauca seedlings was higher than control at different concentrations of EM,while the tolerance index of N.pumilumseedlings was higher than control at low concentrations of EM.The Cu ion content(4 000 times solution)in the aboveground part of C.glauca was the highest,1.16 times that of the control,the Cu ion content in the underground part was the lowest at EM 4 000 times solution.Thus EM bacterial manure promoted Cu ion transfer in the underground part of C.glaucato the aboveground part to some extent.The experimental results also indicated that the addition of EM bacterial manure with different concentrations promoted the enrichment of Cu ions in both plants,and the effect of the N.pumilum was better than that of C.glauca.
引文
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[2] DEMIRBAS A.Heavy metal adsorption onto agro-based waste materials:A review[J].J Hazard Mater,2008,157(2):220-229.
[3] XUE P Y,LI Q Z,YAN C Z,et al.Study on mechanisms of Cu2+biosorption by aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.)royle[J].Chin J Envir Sci,2011,32(6):1614-1619.
[4] BEVERIDGE T J,MURRAY R G.Sites of metal deposition in the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis[J].Journal of Bacteriology,1980,141(2):876-887.
[5] CHANG I S,KIM B H.Effect of sulfate reduction activity on biological treatment of hexavalent chromium[Cr(VI)]contaminated electroplating waste water under sulfate-rich condition[J].Chemosphere,2007,68(2):218-226.
[6]黄志钧,李大平.重金属铜离子抗性菌株的筛选和吸附性能[J].应用与环境生物学报,2012(6):964-970.
[7] MARC V,SILVIA A.Engineering a mouse metallothionein on the cell surface of Ralstonia eutropha CH34for immobilization of heavy metals in soil[J].Nature Biotechnology,2000(18):661-665.
[8] CHANEY R L,MINNIE M,LI Y M,et al.Phytoremediation of soil metals[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,1997(8):279-284.
[9]李晶,栾亚宁,孙向阳,等.水生植物修复重金属污染水体研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2015(2):31-35.
[10]CAMARGO F A O,ANDREAZZA R,PIENIZ S,et al.Evaluation of copper resistant bacteria from vineyard soils and mining waste for copper biosorption[J].Braz J Microbiol,2011,42(1):66-74.
[11]LI G X,LI Q Z,XUE PY,et al.Extended Langmuir models for Cd2+and Cu2+biosorption by Hydrilla verticillata[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2010,29(1):145-151.
[12]熊俏,莫豪葵,蒋乃芬,等.EM菌肥在彩椒和水果番茄基质与土壤栽培中应用的效果[J].南方园艺,2017,28(1):15-16.
[13]任瑞兰,王克功,王卫东,等.苗期施用EM菌肥对玉米生长发育及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(15):108-111.
[14]沈杰,蔡艳,张宇羽,等.苗床添加EM菌肥对烟草幼苗生长及抗逆酶活性的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016(4):48-56.
[15]HAN Y L,ZHANG L L,YANG Y H.Pb uptake and toxicity to Iris halophilatested on Pb mine tailing materials[J].Environmental Pollution,2016,214:510-516.
[16]HAN Y L,WU X,GU J G,et al.Effects of organic acids on the photosynthetic and antioxidant properties and accumulations of heavy metals of Melilotus officinalis grown in Cu tailing[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res,2016(23):17901-17909.
[17]JIANG Z F,HUANG S Z,HAN Y L,et al.Physiological response of Cu and Cu mine tailing remediation of Paulownia fortunei(Seem)Hemsl[J].Ecotoxicology,2012(21):759-767.
[18]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:12-24.
[19]司卫静.荷花对铅尾矿渗出液的耐性及修复研究[D].南昌:江西财经大学,2013.
[20]HAN Y L,YUAN H Y,HUANG S Z.Cadmium tolerance and accumulation by two species of Iris[J].Ecotoxicology,2007(16):57-63.
[21]HUANG S Z,HAN Y L,YU S L,et al.The effect of lead and copper on the growth and physiological response of water flower Iris pseudacorus L.will possibly be printed[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2011,20(9):2246-2250.
[22]潘风山.东南景天促生菌提高植物萃取镉效率及其机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.
[23]钱春香,王明明,许燕波.土壤重金属污染现状及微生物修复技术研究进展[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2013(3):669-674.
[24]康薇.微生物:蓖麻联合修复铜污染土壤的机理与应用研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2014.
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