不同相态液晶添加剂的润滑性能及机理分析
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摘要
为了研究液晶化合物作为润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能及其作用机理,考察了2种向列相液晶和2种胆甾相液晶在矿物基础油中的摩擦学性能,比较了不同结构添加剂抗磨减摩性能的差异并分析了原因,在此基础上简述了液晶化合物的不同相态对于润滑性能的作用机理。结果表明:加入1%的液晶添加剂均可明显改善基础油的润滑性能;向列相液晶添加剂由于分子结构刚性更强,利于增加油膜强度以避免干摩擦产生;而胆甾相液晶添加剂分子呈片层、螺旋结构,柔性链易适应磨痕,在同等载荷下有着更好的抗磨效果。
The tribological performances of two kinds of nematic liquid crystals and two kinds of cholesteric liquid crystals in mineral base oil were studied. The anti-friction and anti-wear properties were compared and explained systematically,and the functional mechanisms of lubrication at different mesogenic phases of the liquid crystals were elaborated further. Results showed that the lubrication performance of base oils could be significantly improved by adding 1% of liquid crystal additives. Nematic liquid crystal additives could increase the strength of oil film to avoid the generation of dry friction due to the stronger molecular structures. The molecules of cholesteric liquid crystal additives were in layers and spiral structure,and the flexible chains were easy to adapt to the wear scars,which could endow it with better anti-wear performance under the same loads.
The tribological performances of two kinds of nematic liquid crystals and two kinds of cholesteric liquid crystals in mineral base oil were studied. The anti-friction and anti-wear properties were compared and explained systematically,and the functional mechanisms of lubrication at different mesogenic phases of the liquid crystals were elaborated further. Results showed that the lubrication performance of base oils could be significantly improved by adding 1% of liquid crystal additives. Nematic liquid crystal additives could increase the strength of oil film to avoid the generation of dry friction due to the stronger molecular structures. The molecules of cholesteric liquid crystal additives were in layers and spiral structure,and the flexible chains were easy to adapt to the wear scars,which could endow it with better anti-wear performance under the same loads.
引文
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[8]SACKFIELD A,HILLS D.A note on the hertz contact problem:A correlation of standard formulae[J].Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design,1983,18:195-197.
[9]周峰,吴杨.“润滑”之新解[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(1):132-136.
[10]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:241-243.
[11]KOLESNIKOV V I,ERMAKOV S F,SYCHEV A P.Triboinduced adsorption of liquid-crystal nanomaterials under frictional interaction of solids[J].Doklady Physics,2009,54(6):269-272.
[2]Bermúdez M D,Martínez-Nicolás G,Carrión-Vilches F J.Tribological properties of liquid crystals as lubricant additives[J].Wear,1997,212(2):188-194.
[3]IGLESIAS P,Bermúdez M D,Carrión F J.Friction and wear of aluminium-steel contacts lubricated with ordered fluids-neutral and ionic liquid crystals as oil additives[J].Wear,2004,256(3/4):386-392.
[4]Carrión F-J,Martínez-Nicolás G,IGLESIAS P,et al.Liquid Crystals in Tribology[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2009,10(9):4 102-4 115.
[5]钱善华,胡含,刘科言.液晶添加剂4-正戊基-4’-氰基联苯混合后对蓖麻油润滑性能的影响[J].材料保护,2013,46(10):52-54.
[6]KUPCHINOV B I,ERMAKOV S F,RODNENKOV V G,et al.The effect of liquid crystals on joint lubrication[J].Wear,1994,171(1/2):7-12.
[7]沈明武,雒建斌,温诗铸.液晶添加剂的纳米级润滑性能与机理[J].科学通报,2001,46(7):603-609.
[8]SACKFIELD A,HILLS D.A note on the hertz contact problem:A correlation of standard formulae[J].Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design,1983,18:195-197.
[9]周峰,吴杨.“润滑”之新解[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(1):132-136.
[10]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:241-243.
[11]KOLESNIKOV V I,ERMAKOV S F,SYCHEV A P.Triboinduced adsorption of liquid-crystal nanomaterials under frictional interaction of solids[J].Doklady Physics,2009,54(6):269-272.