三电平并网逆变器的低开关频率模型预测控制
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摘要
文章提出一种三电平NPC逆变器(NPCs)低开关频率模型预测控制(LSF-MPC)策略。该策略在α-β坐标系下构建NPCs的预测模型,采用滚动优化方式,分别对所有系统状态进行预测。在目标函数中加入降低开关频率目标项,从而选择使目标函数最优的开关状态并直接作用于NPCs,降低了开关器件动作频率。最后,在仿真环境下对该策略稳态与动态性能等进行验证。
The high switching frequency of power converters will increase the switching losses of power devices, and reduce the efficiency in high voltage and high power applications. In order to avoid this issue, a low switching frequency model predictive control(LSF-MPC) is proposed for three-level neutral-point clamped converters(NPCs) in this paper. More specifically, to reduce the average switching frequency, an additional objective term is introduced into a cost function, which is calculated for all possible switching states to determine the optimal switching combination. In the proposed method, the prediction model of NPCs is established in α-β reference frame by means of coordinate transformation. Then, the optimal switching state that minimizes the cost function is selected and applied to NPCs. Thus, the switching frequency can be reduced effectively by using the proposed method, without using complex coordinate transformation, current hysteresis loop and pulse-width modulator. Finally, the simulation model of LSF-MPC is established. The simulation results show that the proposed method has a certain reference in practical application.
The high switching frequency of power converters will increase the switching losses of power devices, and reduce the efficiency in high voltage and high power applications. In order to avoid this issue, a low switching frequency model predictive control(LSF-MPC) is proposed for three-level neutral-point clamped converters(NPCs) in this paper. More specifically, to reduce the average switching frequency, an additional objective term is introduced into a cost function, which is calculated for all possible switching states to determine the optimal switching combination. In the proposed method, the prediction model of NPCs is established in α-β reference frame by means of coordinate transformation. Then, the optimal switching state that minimizes the cost function is selected and applied to NPCs. Thus, the switching frequency can be reduced effectively by using the proposed method, without using complex coordinate transformation, current hysteresis loop and pulse-width modulator. Finally, the simulation model of LSF-MPC is established. The simulation results show that the proposed method has a certain reference in practical application.
引文
[1]Scoltock J,Geyer T,Madawala U K.Model predi-ctive direct power control for grid-connected NPC converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,99:1-10.
[2]Acua P,Agelidis V,Morán L,et al.Simple androbust multi-objective predictive control method for a single-phase three-level NPC converter based active power filter[A].IECON 2014-40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society[C].Dallas:IEEE,2014.4708-4714.
[3]Song W,Ma J,Zhou L,et al.Deadbeat predictive power control of single-phase three-level neutralpoint-clamped converters using space-vector modulation for electric railway traction[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):721-732.
[4]Se baaly F,Vahedi H,Kanaan H Y,et al.Design and implementation of space vector modulation-based sliding mode control for grid-connected 3l-npc inverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(12):7854-7863.
[5]杨彦杰,杨康,邵永明,等.微电网的并离网平滑切换控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2018,36(1):36-42.
[6]罗智文,张新燕,李永东.一种混合储能微电网离并网控制技术研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(1):50-55.
[7]Fang Zheng P,Jih Sheng L.Generalized instant-aneous reactive power theory for three-phase power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1996,45(1):293-297.
[8]Kouro S,Perez M A,Rodriguez J,et al.Model predictive control:MPC's role in the evolution of power electronics[J].IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine,2015,9(4):8-21.
[9]Rodriguez J,Bernet S,Steimer P K,et al.A surveyon neutral-point-clamped inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(7):2219-2230.
[10]Preindl M,Schaltz E,Thogersen P.Switching frequency reduction using model predictive direct current control for high power voltage source inverters[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(7):2826-2835.
[11]Hu J,Zhu J,Lei G,et al.Multi objective model predictive control for high-power converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2013,28(3):652-663.
[12]Hu J.Improved dead-beat predictive DPC strategy of grid-connected DC-AC converters with s witching loss minimization and delay compensations[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):728-738.
[13]Ramirez R O,Espinoza J R,Villarroel F A,et al.Anovel hybrid finite control set model predictive control scheme with reduced switching[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(11):5912-5920.
[14]Hu J,Zhu J,Dorrell D G.Model predictive control of grid-connected inverters for PV system swith flexible power regulation and switching frequency reduction[J].Industry Application IEEE Transactions on,2015,51(1):587-594.
[15]Edpuganti A,Rathore A K.A survey of low-switching frequency modulation techniques for medium-voltage multilevel converters[J].Industry Applications Society Meeting,2015,51(5):4212-4228.
[16]周鹏伟,程志江,陈星志,等.带混合储能的微网并网控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):578-584.
[17]杨勇,樊明迪,谢门喜,等.三电平三相逆变器快速有限控制集模型预测控制方法[J].电机与控制学报,2016,20(8):83-91.
[2]Acua P,Agelidis V,Morán L,et al.Simple androbust multi-objective predictive control method for a single-phase three-level NPC converter based active power filter[A].IECON 2014-40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society[C].Dallas:IEEE,2014.4708-4714.
[3]Song W,Ma J,Zhou L,et al.Deadbeat predictive power control of single-phase three-level neutralpoint-clamped converters using space-vector modulation for electric railway traction[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):721-732.
[4]Se baaly F,Vahedi H,Kanaan H Y,et al.Design and implementation of space vector modulation-based sliding mode control for grid-connected 3l-npc inverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(12):7854-7863.
[5]杨彦杰,杨康,邵永明,等.微电网的并离网平滑切换控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2018,36(1):36-42.
[6]罗智文,张新燕,李永东.一种混合储能微电网离并网控制技术研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(1):50-55.
[7]Fang Zheng P,Jih Sheng L.Generalized instant-aneous reactive power theory for three-phase power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,1996,45(1):293-297.
[8]Kouro S,Perez M A,Rodriguez J,et al.Model predictive control:MPC's role in the evolution of power electronics[J].IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine,2015,9(4):8-21.
[9]Rodriguez J,Bernet S,Steimer P K,et al.A surveyon neutral-point-clamped inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(7):2219-2230.
[10]Preindl M,Schaltz E,Thogersen P.Switching frequency reduction using model predictive direct current control for high power voltage source inverters[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(7):2826-2835.
[11]Hu J,Zhu J,Lei G,et al.Multi objective model predictive control for high-power converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2013,28(3):652-663.
[12]Hu J.Improved dead-beat predictive DPC strategy of grid-connected DC-AC converters with s witching loss minimization and delay compensations[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Informatics,2013,9(2):728-738.
[13]Ramirez R O,Espinoza J R,Villarroel F A,et al.Anovel hybrid finite control set model predictive control scheme with reduced switching[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(11):5912-5920.
[14]Hu J,Zhu J,Dorrell D G.Model predictive control of grid-connected inverters for PV system swith flexible power regulation and switching frequency reduction[J].Industry Application IEEE Transactions on,2015,51(1):587-594.
[15]Edpuganti A,Rathore A K.A survey of low-switching frequency modulation techniques for medium-voltage multilevel converters[J].Industry Applications Society Meeting,2015,51(5):4212-4228.
[16]周鹏伟,程志江,陈星志,等.带混合储能的微网并网控制策略研究[J].可再生能源,2017,35(4):578-584.
[17]杨勇,樊明迪,谢门喜,等.三电平三相逆变器快速有限控制集模型预测控制方法[J].电机与控制学报,2016,20(8):83-91.