渡槽排架结构人工激励模态试验分析
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摘要
开展渡槽排架单向单输入多输出SIMO(Single Input Multiple Output)法、双向多输入多输出MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)法人工激励模态试验,选用特征系统实现法识别纵向、横向、双向模态参数,结果表明,单向SIMO法稳定图绝大多数谱峰明显、模态识别效果较好,纵向模态比横向丰富、识别效果好;双向MIMO法纵向谱峰大多数明显,横向除双向第2阶(即横向第1阶)谱峰明显外,其他基本很小,尤其是横向模态频率接近纵向时,甚至无谱峰,只识别出纵向模态;排架结构以排架柱弯曲振动为主,纵向低阶、高阶模态横梁分别以平动或转动刚体振动、弯曲振动为主,横向模态横梁为平动或不动刚体振动;两种方法识别出的模态频率误差较小,模态阻尼在正常范围,但双向MIMO法部分横向模态未能准确识别。从识别精度、试验工作量及操作便捷性而言,排架结构人工激励模态试验选择单向SIMO法优于双向MIMO法。
Modal tests with SIMO method in a single direction and MIMO method in bi-direction under artificial excitation were conducted for an aqueduct bent structure. Longitudinal, transverse and bi-directional modal parameters were identified with the eigen-system realization algorithm. The results showed that most spectral peaks of stabilization diagrams are obvious using SIMO method, modal identification effects are better, longitudinal modes are richer than transverse modes; the most spectral peaks of longitudinal modes are obvious using MIMO method, but those of transverse modes are small except for the bidirectional second order mode, i.e., the transverse first order one; if transverse modes' frequencies are close to those of longitudinal modes, they have no spectral peaks, only longitudinal modes are identified; bent structure's modes mainly are its column's bending vibrations; its beam's lower and higher order longitudinal modes mainly are translation vibration or rotating rigid body one and bending one, respectively; the beam's transverse modes are translation vibration or stationary rigid body one; modal frequencies identified using SIMO and MIMO methods have small errors; identified modal damping is within a normal range; partial transverse modes can't be correctly identified using MIMO method; the SIMO method in a single direction is better than the MIMO method in bi-direction for bent structures' modal tests under artificial excitation, the former has a higher identification accuracy, costs less time and is easy to operate.
Modal tests with SIMO method in a single direction and MIMO method in bi-direction under artificial excitation were conducted for an aqueduct bent structure. Longitudinal, transverse and bi-directional modal parameters were identified with the eigen-system realization algorithm. The results showed that most spectral peaks of stabilization diagrams are obvious using SIMO method, modal identification effects are better, longitudinal modes are richer than transverse modes; the most spectral peaks of longitudinal modes are obvious using MIMO method, but those of transverse modes are small except for the bidirectional second order mode, i.e., the transverse first order one; if transverse modes' frequencies are close to those of longitudinal modes, they have no spectral peaks, only longitudinal modes are identified; bent structure's modes mainly are its column's bending vibrations; its beam's lower and higher order longitudinal modes mainly are translation vibration or rotating rigid body one and bending one, respectively; the beam's transverse modes are translation vibration or stationary rigid body one; modal frequencies identified using SIMO and MIMO methods have small errors; identified modal damping is within a normal range; partial transverse modes can't be correctly identified using MIMO method; the SIMO method in a single direction is better than the MIMO method in bi-direction for bent structures' modal tests under artificial excitation, the former has a higher identification accuracy, costs less time and is easy to operate.
引文
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[2] GU P,DENG C,TANG L.Determination of local damage probability in concrete structure[C]// 2012 International Conference on Modern Hydraulic Engineering.Nanjing,China:China Association of Hydraulic Engineering Education,2012:489-493.
[3] GU Peiying,DENG Chang,ZHANG Daosheng,et al.Probability of overall collapse for concrete gravity dam based on renormalization group theory of unequal probability unit[C]// The 2nd SREE Conference on Hydraulic Engineering (CHE 2013).London:CRC Press,2014:135-140.
[4] 顾培英,邓昌,汤雷.基于重整化群方法的三棱柱单元整体破坏概率模型[J].水利水电科技进展,2014,34(3):16-19.GU Peiying,DENG Chang,TANG Lei.A model of overall damage probability of triangular prism unit based on renormalization group method[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2014,34(3):16-19.
[5] 顾培英,邓昌,汤雷.基于重整化群有限原胞级整体安全性分级评价[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(4):355-360.GU Peiying,DENG Chang,TANG Lei.Safety classification evaluation of an overall structure based on limited primitive cell level using renormalization group theory[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2014,42(4):355-360.
[6] 顾培英,邓昌,肖仕燕,等.基于二维逾渗相变重整化群的混凝土重力坝断面破坏评价[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(6):31-36.GU Peiying,DENG Chang,XIAO Shiyan,et al.Development of cross-section damage based on two-dimensional percolation transition with renormalization group theory for concrete gravity dam[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2015,35(6):31-36.
[7] 张敏,黄俐,李文雄,等.大型结构模态参数识别研究[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2013,30(2):49-54.ZHANG Min,HUANG Li,LI Wenxiong,et al.Research on modal parameter identification 0n large-scale structure[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2013,30(2):49-54.
[8] 顾培英,邓昌,吴福生.结构模态分析及其损伤诊断[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2008:1-128.
[9] 曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析:理论、实验与应用[M].天津:天津大学出版社,2001:165-173.
[10] 刘进明,应怀樵,章关永.OMA模态参数的优化及盲分析技术探讨[J].振动、测试与诊,2012,32(6):1016-1020.LIU Jinming,YING Huaiqiao,ZHANG Guanyong.Optimization of oma parameters and blind analysis[J].Journal of Vibration,Measurement&Diagnosis,2012,32(6):1016-1020.
[11] 孙正华,李兆霞,陈鸿天,等.大跨斜拉桥基于结构模拟的环境振动测点优化布置[J].应用科学学报,2007,25(4):411-417.SUN Zhenghua,LI Zhaoxia,CHEN Hongtian,et al.Optimal configuration of ambient vibration sensors based on structural modeling for long cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Applied Sciences,2007,25(4):411-417.
[12] CARNE T G,DOHMANN C R.A modal test design strategy for model correlation[C]// In Bathel ed.Proc.13th international Modal Analysis conference.New York:Union college,1995:927-933.
[13] 艾贻学.大型土木结构的阻尼特性研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011.
[14] 建筑结构抗震设计规范:GB 50011—2010[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.
[15] 柯国军,郭长青,胡绍全,等.混凝土阻尼比研究[J].建筑材料学报,2004,7(1):35-40.KE Guojun,GUO Changqing,HU Shaoquan,et al.Study on the damping ratio of concrete[J].Journal of Building Materials,2004,7(1):35-40.
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