高寒地区钙果引种栽培试验
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摘要
为筛选出适于我国高寒地区栽培的欧李优良品种,对其生态适应能力进行初步研究,为欧李的进一步开发利用提供依据。以引入的4个钙果品种为研究对象,观测其引种表现,就其相关生长特性、越冬情况、物候期、果实性状以及抗性等方面特性进行初步比较研究,并分析其生态适应能力。结果表明:4个品种中钙果5号的成活率较高,果实成熟早、果大且树势强健,对病虫害的抗性较强,单株挂果率较多,各项经济指标均表现最好;其次为钙果4号和钙果6号。综上所述,钙果5号在高寒地区引种性状表现优良,适宜在高寒地区推广发展种植,而钙果4号和钙果6号可按照一定的比例作为授粉树来种植。
In order to select fine Cerasus humilis cultivars suitable for alpine-cold area in China,ecological adaptability of C. humilis were primarily studied to provide references for its further development and application. Taking four cultivars of C. humilis introduced as materials,the introduced performance was observed,growth characteristics,hibernation condition,phenological periods,fruiting characteristics and resistance had been preliminary researched,and ecological adaptability was analyzed. The results showed that the economic indexes of C. humilis No. 5 showed better in the four varieties. The difference was obvious. C. humilis No. 5 had the higher survival rate,the earlier fruit mature,the strongest tree vigor and the bigger fruit,and had the fewer diseases and insect pests,and the more fruit yield per plant. C. humilis No. 4 and C. humilis6 took the second place. In summary,C. humilis No. 5 showed more excellent advantages in alpine-cold area,which should be greatly developed in alpine-cold area,as a kind of tree species with cold-resistance. C. humilis No. 4 and C. humilis No. 6 could be planted in certain proportions as pollinizers.
In order to select fine Cerasus humilis cultivars suitable for alpine-cold area in China,ecological adaptability of C. humilis were primarily studied to provide references for its further development and application. Taking four cultivars of C. humilis introduced as materials,the introduced performance was observed,growth characteristics,hibernation condition,phenological periods,fruiting characteristics and resistance had been preliminary researched,and ecological adaptability was analyzed. The results showed that the economic indexes of C. humilis No. 5 showed better in the four varieties. The difference was obvious. C. humilis No. 5 had the higher survival rate,the earlier fruit mature,the strongest tree vigor and the bigger fruit,and had the fewer diseases and insect pests,and the more fruit yield per plant. C. humilis No. 4 and C. humilis6 took the second place. In summary,C. humilis No. 5 showed more excellent advantages in alpine-cold area,which should be greatly developed in alpine-cold area,as a kind of tree species with cold-resistance. C. humilis No. 4 and C. humilis No. 6 could be planted in certain proportions as pollinizers.
引文
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[14]李晔男,刘彬昕.高寒地区钙果的栽培管理技术[J].中国林副特产,2017,31(5):49-50.LI Y N,LIU B X. The cultivation management techniques of Cer-sus humilis in Alpine-cold area[J]. Forest By-Product andSpeciality in China,2017,31(5):49-50.
[15]王有信,何卫军,李向东,等.欧李种质资源分布及种群分类特性研究[J].山西果树,2005,26(6):37-38.WANG Y X,HE W J,LI X D,et al. Germplasm resources distri-bution and species classification characteristic research of Cersushumilis[J]. Shanxi Fruits,2005,26(6):37-38.
[16]毕庆玲,刘保东,杜鹃,等.耐旱抗寒优良新品种-向海一号桑的性状研究及栽培试验[J].内蒙古林业科技,2008,34(4):29-32.BI Q L,LIU B D,DU J,et al. Properties of new variety with cold-resistance and drought tolerance[J]. Journal of Inner MongoliaForestry Science and Technology,2008,34(4):29-32.
[17]周文才,巢军,孙颖,等.不同钙果品系引种试验[J].南方林业科学,2017,45(1):14-16.ZHOU W C,CHAO J,Sun Y,et al. Introduction experiment ofdifferent Cerasus humilis[J]. South China Forestry Science,2017,45(1):14-16.
[2]罗健科.景泰灌区钙果品种引种试验[J].甘肃林业科技,2017,42(1):15-17.LUO J K. Introduction experiment research of Cerasus humilis in ir-rigation area of Jingtai County[J]. Journal of Gansu Forestry Sci-ence and Technology,2017,42(1):15-17.
[3]周建忠,姜富林,张宗瑞,等.欧李的生态效益与经济效益研究[J].落叶果树,2016,48(3):20-24.ZHOU J Z,JIANG F L,ZHANG Z Y,et al. Study on the ecologi-cal and economic benefits of Prunus humilis[J]. Deciduous Fruits,2016,48(3):20-24.
[4]李霞.钙果的实用价值与栽培技术[J].山西水土保持科技,2012,47(2):47-48.LI X. Practical value and cultivation techniques of Cerasus humilis[J]. Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology inShanxi,2012,47(2):47-48.
[5]辛平,孙力,赵生春.钙果新品种在兰州的引种表现[J].甘肃林业科技,2010,36(2):37-39.XIN P,SUN L,ZHAO S C. Study on the performance of intro-duced varieties of Cerasus humilis in Lanzhou[J]. Journal of GansuForestry Science and Technology,2010,36(2):37-39.
[6] WANG R F,HUANG F L,ZHANG J,et al. Establishment of ahigh-frequency regeneration system in Cerasus humilis,an impor-tant economic shrub[J]. Journal of Forest Research,2016,21(5):244-250.
[7]薛晓芳,杜俊杰.浅谈欧李的开发利用价值[J].落叶果树,2012,44(3):23-26.XUE X F,DU J J. Introduction to the development and utilizationvalue in Cerasus humilis[J]. Deciduous Fruits,2012,44(3):23-26.
[8]马敏.钙果在大同地区的种植栽培及发展前景[J].农业与技术,2018,38(3):25-26.MA M. Cultivation and prospects for development of Cerasus humilisin Datong[J]. Agriculture and Technology,2018,38(3):25-26.
[9]杨维忠,张甜. SPSS统计分析与行业应用案例详解(2版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011.YANG W Z,ZHANG T. Statistical analysis and industry applica-tion case explanation for SPSS(Version 2)[M]. Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity Press,2011.
[10]明道绪.田间试验与统计分析[M].北京:科学出版版社,2005.MING D X. The field test and statistical analysis[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2005.
[11]赵进春,郝红梅,胡成志.果树病虫害危害症状及其他形状分级的探讨[J].中国果树,2008,18(6)46-47.ZHAO J C,HAO H M,HU C Z. Discuss of the fruit tree diseasesand insect pests damage symptoms and other shape classification[J]. China Fruits,2008,18(6):46-47.
[12]陈凤学,赵杰,耿海东.森林病虫害灾害等级研究[J].中国森林病虫,2004,23(3):4-7.CHEN F X,ZHAO J,GENG H D. Forest level research of disea-ses and insect pests disaster[J]. Forest Pest and Disease,2004,23(3):4-7.
[13]陈凤学,赵杰,耿海东.森林病虫害灾害等级研究[J].中国森林病虫,2004,23(3):4-7.WANG L R,ZHU G R,FANG W C,et al. Study on the resist-ance to Peach Aphid(Myzus persicar Sulzer)of Peach Germplasm[J]. Journal of Fruit Science,2001,18(3):145-147.
[14]李晔男,刘彬昕.高寒地区钙果的栽培管理技术[J].中国林副特产,2017,31(5):49-50.LI Y N,LIU B X. The cultivation management techniques of Cer-sus humilis in Alpine-cold area[J]. Forest By-Product andSpeciality in China,2017,31(5):49-50.
[15]王有信,何卫军,李向东,等.欧李种质资源分布及种群分类特性研究[J].山西果树,2005,26(6):37-38.WANG Y X,HE W J,LI X D,et al. Germplasm resources distri-bution and species classification characteristic research of Cersushumilis[J]. Shanxi Fruits,2005,26(6):37-38.
[16]毕庆玲,刘保东,杜鹃,等.耐旱抗寒优良新品种-向海一号桑的性状研究及栽培试验[J].内蒙古林业科技,2008,34(4):29-32.BI Q L,LIU B D,DU J,et al. Properties of new variety with cold-resistance and drought tolerance[J]. Journal of Inner MongoliaForestry Science and Technology,2008,34(4):29-32.
[17]周文才,巢军,孙颖,等.不同钙果品系引种试验[J].南方林业科学,2017,45(1):14-16.ZHOU W C,CHAO J,Sun Y,et al. Introduction experiment ofdifferent Cerasus humilis[J]. South China Forestry Science,2017,45(1):14-16.