施用富集植物秸秆对水田芥生长及镉积累的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究陆生富集植物秸秆对水生富集植物的镉积累影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验,通过向土壤中施用4种陆生镉富集植物(白三叶、旱莲草、小飞蓬和繁缕)秸秆,研究在镉胁迫条件下,施用富集植物秸秆对挺水镉富集植物水田芥生长以及镉积累的影响。【结果】施用4种镉富集植物均提高了水田芥茎秆、叶片和地上部分生物量。与未施用相比,施用富集植物秸秆均提高了水田芥叶片的抗氧化酶活性,增加水田芥叶片的可溶性蛋白含量。施用白三叶、旱莲草、小飞蓬秸秆均降低了水田芥茎秆、叶片与地上部分的镉含量,只有施用繁缕秸秆增加了水田芥茎秆、叶片和地上部分镉含量,较未施用分别增加了40.57%、13.76%和25.44%。施用旱莲草秸秆与施用繁缕秸秆的水田芥茎秆、叶片和地上部分镉积累量增加,其中施用繁缕秸秆比未施用分别增加了53.70%、21.19%和35.62%。施用繁缕秸秆提高了土壤酶(过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶)活性,而其他3种处理则降低了土壤酶活性。【结论】施用繁缕秸秆能够增加水田芥对镉的积累,提高水田芥对镉污染土壤的修复能力。
【Objective】To study the effects of terrestrial accumulator plant straw on cadmium accumulation of aquatic accumulator plant.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to research the effects of applying four terrestrial accumulator plant species(Trifolium pretense,Eclipta prostrate,Conyza canadensis and Stellaria media) straw in soil on growth and cadmium accumulation of Nasturtium officinale under cadmium stress.【Results】Applying four accumulator plant species straw increased stem,leaf and shoot biomasses of N. officinale. Compared with the control,applying four accumulator plant species straw enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity,and increased the soluble protein content of N. officinale. When applying the straw of T. pretense,E. prostrate and C. canadensis in soil,the cadmium contents decreased in stems,leaves and shoots of N. officinale,but the straw of S. media increased of that compared with control. The straw of E. prostrate and S. media increased cadmium accumulation amounts in stems,leaves and shoots of N. officinale,and S. media straw increased that by 53.70%,21.19% and35.62% compared with the control,respectively. However,only S. media straw enhanced soil enzyme(catalase,urease and sucrase) activity compared with the control,while other three accumulator species reduced it.【Conclusion】Applying S. media straw could increase cadmium accumulation of N. officinale,and improve the phytoremediation ability of N. officinale for cadmium contaminated soil.
【Objective】To study the effects of terrestrial accumulator plant straw on cadmium accumulation of aquatic accumulator plant.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to research the effects of applying four terrestrial accumulator plant species(Trifolium pretense,Eclipta prostrate,Conyza canadensis and Stellaria media) straw in soil on growth and cadmium accumulation of Nasturtium officinale under cadmium stress.【Results】Applying four accumulator plant species straw increased stem,leaf and shoot biomasses of N. officinale. Compared with the control,applying four accumulator plant species straw enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity,and increased the soluble protein content of N. officinale. When applying the straw of T. pretense,E. prostrate and C. canadensis in soil,the cadmium contents decreased in stems,leaves and shoots of N. officinale,but the straw of S. media increased of that compared with control. The straw of E. prostrate and S. media increased cadmium accumulation amounts in stems,leaves and shoots of N. officinale,and S. media straw increased that by 53.70%,21.19% and35.62% compared with the control,respectively. However,only S. media straw enhanced soil enzyme(catalase,urease and sucrase) activity compared with the control,while other three accumulator species reduced it.【Conclusion】Applying S. media straw could increase cadmium accumulation of N. officinale,and improve the phytoremediation ability of N. officinale for cadmium contaminated soil.
引文
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[3]徐国伟,李帅,赵永芳,等.秸秆还田与施氮对水稻根系分泌物及氮素利用的影响研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):140-146.
[4]南雄雄,田霄鸿,张琳,等.小麦和玉米秸秆腐解特点及对土壤中碳、氮含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):626-633.
[5]侯永侠,周宝利,吴晓玲,等.辣椒秸秆腐解物化感作用的研究[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):699-702.
[6]武际,郭熙盛,鲁剑巍,等.不同水稻栽培模式下小麦秸秆腐解特性及对土壤生物学特性和养分状况的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):565-575.
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[8]张晶,于玲玲,辛术贞,等.根茬连续还田对镉污染农田土壤中镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):685-691.
[9]林立金,罗丽,廖明安,等.挺水植物水田芥对镉的积累特性研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(4):684-689.
[10]金山.白三叶对镉污染土壤的修复潜力研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[11]罗丽,林立金,廖明安,等.旱莲草对镉的富集特性研究[J].华北农学报,2014,29(3):216-220.
[12]WEI S H,ZHOU Q X,SAHA U K,et al.Identification of a Cd accumulator Conyza canadensis[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,163(1):32-35.
[13]林立金,宁博,廖明安,等.冬季农田杂草繁缕对镉的积累特性研究[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(4):673-678.
[14]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:24-34.
[15]林立金,杨代宇,汤福义,等.土壤施用富集植物秸秆对荠菜镉积累的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(2):483-488.
[16]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:55-56,72-86.
[17]RASTMANESH F,MOORE F,KESHAVARZI B.Speciation and phytoavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils in Sarcheshmeh area,Kerman Province,Iran[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2010,85(5):515-519.
[18]周礼恺.土壤酶学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:267-276.
[19]LUKACOVA KULIKOVA Z,LUX A.Silicon influence on maize,Zea mays L.,hybrids exposed to cadmium treatmen[tJ].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2010,85(3):243-250.
[20]聂发辉.关于超富集植物的新理解[J].生态环境,2005,14(1):136-138.
[21]蒙静,曹云娥,姚英,等.秸秆还田对土壤理化及生物性状影响的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2013(11):184-186.
[22]裴鹏刚,张均华,朱练峰,等.秸秆还田的土壤酶学及微生物学效应研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(18):1-7.
[23]MA Y,DICKINSON N M,WONG M H.Interactions between earthworms,trees,soil nutrition and metal mobility in amended Pb/Zn mine tailings from Guangdong,China[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2003,35(10):1369-1379.
[24]成杰民,俞协治,黄铭洪.蚯蚓-菌根在植物修复镉污染土壤中的作用[J].生态学报,2005,25(6):1256-1263.
[25]CHO U H,PARK J O.Mercury-induced oxidative stress in tomato seedlings[J].Plant Science,2000,156(1):1-9.
[26]黄玉山,罗广华,关棨文.镉诱导植物的自由基过氧化损伤[J].植物学报,1997,39(6):522-526.
[27]ZHANG S R,LIN H C,DENG L J,et al.Cadmium tolerance and accumulation characteristics of Siegesbeckia orientalis L.[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,51(2):133-139.
[28]韩旭.大蒜秸秆腐解物化感作用研究及化感物质鉴定[..D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[29]陈旭阳.木麻黄对滨海沙地乡土树种潺槁化感作用规律的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[30]ALVARENGA P,GONCALVES A P,FERNANDES R M,et al.Organic residues as immobilizing agents in aided phytostabilization:(I)effects on soil chemical characteristics[J].Chemosphere,2009,74(10):1292-1300.
[31]张晶,苏德纯.不同镉污染农田土壤上秸秆和炭化秸秆分解动态及其对土壤镉的吸附特征[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):4097-4102.
[32]何静.覆盖不同镉富集特性植物秸秆对树番茄幼苗养分吸收及镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2017.
[33]单玉华,李昌贵,陈晨,等.施用秸秆对淹水土壤镉、铜溶出的影响[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(8):1362-1366.
[34]万红友,周生路,赵其国,等.苏南经济快速发展区土壤有效态镉含量影响因素及分布特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2006,15(2):213-218.
[35]戴伟,白红英.土壤过氧化氢酶活度及其动力学特征与土壤性质的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,17(1):37-41.
[36]卫婷,韩丽娜,韩清芳,等.有机培肥对旱地土壤养分有效性和酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(3):611-620.
[37]汤福义,林立金,廖进秋,等.土施富集植物秸秆对牛膝菊生长及镉积累的影响[J].华北农学报,2015,30(4):213-218.
[2]江永红,宇振荣,马永良.秸秆还田对农田生态系统及作物生长的影响[J].土壤通报,2001,32(5):209-213.
[3]徐国伟,李帅,赵永芳,等.秸秆还田与施氮对水稻根系分泌物及氮素利用的影响研究[J].草业学报,2014,23(2):140-146.
[4]南雄雄,田霄鸿,张琳,等.小麦和玉米秸秆腐解特点及对土壤中碳、氮含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(3):626-633.
[5]侯永侠,周宝利,吴晓玲,等.辣椒秸秆腐解物化感作用的研究[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(4):699-702.
[6]武际,郭熙盛,鲁剑巍,等.不同水稻栽培模式下小麦秸秆腐解特性及对土壤生物学特性和养分状况的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(2):565-575.
[7]SUSAN T,HEALEY J R,NASON M A,et al.Remediation of metal polluted mine soil with compost:co-composting versus incorporation[J].Environmental Pollution,2009,157(2):690-697.
[8]张晶,于玲玲,辛术贞,等.根茬连续还田对镉污染农田土壤中镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):685-691.
[9]林立金,罗丽,廖明安,等.挺水植物水田芥对镉的积累特性研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(4):684-689.
[10]金山.白三叶对镉污染土壤的修复潜力研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[11]罗丽,林立金,廖明安,等.旱莲草对镉的富集特性研究[J].华北农学报,2014,29(3):216-220.
[12]WEI S H,ZHOU Q X,SAHA U K,et al.Identification of a Cd accumulator Conyza canadensis[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,163(1):32-35.
[13]林立金,宁博,廖明安,等.冬季农田杂草繁缕对镉的积累特性研究[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(4):673-678.
[14]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:24-34.
[15]林立金,杨代宇,汤福义,等.土壤施用富集植物秸秆对荠菜镉积累的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(2):483-488.
[16]熊庆娥.植物生理学实验教程[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,2003:55-56,72-86.
[17]RASTMANESH F,MOORE F,KESHAVARZI B.Speciation and phytoavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils in Sarcheshmeh area,Kerman Province,Iran[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2010,85(5):515-519.
[18]周礼恺.土壤酶学[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:267-276.
[19]LUKACOVA KULIKOVA Z,LUX A.Silicon influence on maize,Zea mays L.,hybrids exposed to cadmium treatmen[tJ].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2010,85(3):243-250.
[20]聂发辉.关于超富集植物的新理解[J].生态环境,2005,14(1):136-138.
[21]蒙静,曹云娥,姚英,等.秸秆还田对土壤理化及生物性状影响的研究进展[J].北方园艺,2013(11):184-186.
[22]裴鹏刚,张均华,朱练峰,等.秸秆还田的土壤酶学及微生物学效应研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(18):1-7.
[23]MA Y,DICKINSON N M,WONG M H.Interactions between earthworms,trees,soil nutrition and metal mobility in amended Pb/Zn mine tailings from Guangdong,China[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2003,35(10):1369-1379.
[24]成杰民,俞协治,黄铭洪.蚯蚓-菌根在植物修复镉污染土壤中的作用[J].生态学报,2005,25(6):1256-1263.
[25]CHO U H,PARK J O.Mercury-induced oxidative stress in tomato seedlings[J].Plant Science,2000,156(1):1-9.
[26]黄玉山,罗广华,关棨文.镉诱导植物的自由基过氧化损伤[J].植物学报,1997,39(6):522-526.
[27]ZHANG S R,LIN H C,DENG L J,et al.Cadmium tolerance and accumulation characteristics of Siegesbeckia orientalis L.[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,51(2):133-139.
[28]韩旭.大蒜秸秆腐解物化感作用研究及化感物质鉴定[..D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[29]陈旭阳.木麻黄对滨海沙地乡土树种潺槁化感作用规律的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2013.
[30]ALVARENGA P,GONCALVES A P,FERNANDES R M,et al.Organic residues as immobilizing agents in aided phytostabilization:(I)effects on soil chemical characteristics[J].Chemosphere,2009,74(10):1292-1300.
[31]张晶,苏德纯.不同镉污染农田土壤上秸秆和炭化秸秆分解动态及其对土壤镉的吸附特征[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(10):4097-4102.
[32]何静.覆盖不同镉富集特性植物秸秆对树番茄幼苗养分吸收及镉积累的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2017.
[33]单玉华,李昌贵,陈晨,等.施用秸秆对淹水土壤镉、铜溶出的影响[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(8):1362-1366.
[34]万红友,周生路,赵其国,等.苏南经济快速发展区土壤有效态镉含量影响因素及分布特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2006,15(2):213-218.
[35]戴伟,白红英.土壤过氧化氢酶活度及其动力学特征与土壤性质的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,17(1):37-41.
[36]卫婷,韩丽娜,韩清芳,等.有机培肥对旱地土壤养分有效性和酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(3):611-620.
[37]汤福义,林立金,廖进秋,等.土施富集植物秸秆对牛膝菊生长及镉积累的影响[J].华北农学报,2015,30(4):213-218.