轴向柱塞泵回程球铰副油膜润滑压力形成机理研究
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摘要
回程球铰副是应用于轴向柱塞变量泵的机械结构,为研究其空间相对运动特征,结合回程球铰副的几何特征与相对运动关系,提出基于柱面特征的油膜润滑机理分析模型。通过拓展经典JFO空化算法以考虑复杂表面剪切速度影响因素,建立回程球铰副油膜润滑数值分析方法;对比分析斜盘倾角7.5°、12.5°与17.5°3种典型工作条件下的润滑状态,以及摩擦副表面剪切速度分布、间隙形状分布、空化指数分布和压力分布之间的关系。研究结果表明:间隙形状引起的动压效应与表面剪切速度引起的伸缩效应共同决定油膜压力场具有"双峰双谷"的分布规律,伸缩效应与斜盘的倾斜程度呈正相关性,是导致润滑承载力下降的重要因素;回程球铰副润滑设计需综合考虑伸缩效应与动压效应对油液成膜过程的复合影响。
Retaining spherical pair is widely used in variable displacement axial piston pump with the feature of complex spatial relative motions. According to the kinematic relation and geometric feature of retaining spherical pair,a physical model based on the cylinder feature is proposed to study the process of oil lubrication between ball guide and retaining plate. And the lubricating film within retaining spherical pair is numerically investigated based on the modified Jakobsson-Floberg-Olsson( JFO) cavitation algorithm to consider the influence of shearing velocity. The relations among the distributions of shearing velocity,clearance shape,cavitation index and pressure under the conditions of three different tilting angles of swash plate are discussed. The research results show that the pressure distribution has the characteristics of double peak and double valley,which is depended on the hydrodynamic effect resulted from the clearance shape and the hydrostrictive effect due to shearing velocity. The hydrostrictive effect is positively correlated with the tilting angle of swash plate which plays an important role in eliminating the amount of load support.
Retaining spherical pair is widely used in variable displacement axial piston pump with the feature of complex spatial relative motions. According to the kinematic relation and geometric feature of retaining spherical pair,a physical model based on the cylinder feature is proposed to study the process of oil lubrication between ball guide and retaining plate. And the lubricating film within retaining spherical pair is numerically investigated based on the modified Jakobsson-Floberg-Olsson( JFO) cavitation algorithm to consider the influence of shearing velocity. The relations among the distributions of shearing velocity,clearance shape,cavitation index and pressure under the conditions of three different tilting angles of swash plate are discussed. The research results show that the pressure distribution has the characteristics of double peak and double valley,which is depended on the hydrodynamic effect resulted from the clearance shape and the hydrostrictive effect due to shearing velocity. The hydrostrictive effect is positively correlated with the tilting angle of swash plate which plays an important role in eliminating the amount of load support.
引文
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[10]Fang X,Zhang C,Chen X,et al.Newly developed theoretical solution and numerical model for conformal contact pressure distribution and free-edge effect in spherical plain bearings[J].Tribology International,2015,84:48-60.
[11]Germaneau A,Peyruseigt F,Mistou S,et al.Verification of a spherical plain bearing finite-element model using scattered light photoelasticitytests[J].Proceedings of Institution Mechanical Engineers Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2008,222(5):647-656.
[12]Jakobsson B O,Floberg L.The finite journal bearing considering vaporization[D].Goteborg,Sweden:Chalmers University of Technology,1957.
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[14]Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulics Axial Piston Units.A4VG series32 operating instructions:RE920003-01-B/04.08[Z/OL].Germany:Bosch Rexroth Group,2008.http:∥www.boschrexroth.com/brm.
[15]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].第4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2012.WEN Shi-zhu,HUANG Ping.Principles of tribology[M].4th ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[16]Payvar P,Salant R F.A computational method for cavitation in a wavy mechanical seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1992,114(1):199-204.
[2]王意.车辆与行走机械的静液压驱动[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.WANG Yi.Hydrostatic transmissions for vehicle and mobile machinery[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2014.(in Chinese)
[3]林硕,苑士华,刘洪.考虑油膜非均匀性的滑靴润滑特性研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2014,34(4):358-362.LIN Shuo,YUAN Shi-hua,LIU Hong.Analysis on lubrication characteristics of slipper bearing considering un-uniform gap[J].Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology,2014,34(4):358-362.(in Chinese)
[4]王智慧,苑士华,彭增雄.柱塞副油膜温度分布的数值分析[J].汽车工程,2013,35(9):781-784.WANG Zhi-hui,YUAN Shi-hua,PENG Zeng-xiong.Numerical analysis on the temperature distribution of oil-film in plunger pair[J].Automotive Engineering,2013,35(9):781-784.(in Chinese)
[5]Pelosi M,Ivantysynova M.The impact of axial piston machines mechanical parts constraint conditions on the thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis of the fluid film interfaces[J].International Journal of Fluid Power,2013,14(3):35-51.
[6]张静,胡亮,李小军,等.基于虚拟样机技术的轴向柱塞泵回程盘动力学特性仿真分析[J].液压与气动,2016(3):86-91.ZHANG Jing,HU Liang,LI Xiao-jun,et al.The dynamic characteristic simulation of retainer plate in axial piston pump based on virtual prototype technology[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2016(3):86-91.(in Chinese)
[7]曲庆文,刘源勇,钟振远,等.关节轴承的设计特点及分析[J].润滑与密封,2004,164(4):102-105.QU Qing-wen,LIU Yuan-yong,ZHONG Zhen-yuan,et al.Design characteristic and analysis for the spherical plain bearing[J].Lubrication Engineering,2004,164(4):102-105.(in Chinese)
[8]牛劲草.向心关节轴承应力场分析及寿命预测方法研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2013NIU Jin-cao.Study on the three-dimensional stress fields and wear-life estimation method for spherical plain bearings[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2013.(in Chinese)
[9]向定汉,王春艳,董伟峰.向心关节轴承的结构优化及摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(6):564-567.XIANG Ding-hai,WANG Chun-yan,DONG Wei-feng.Structural optimization and friction and wear behavior of a radial spherical plain bearing[J].Tribology,2004,24(6):564-567.(in Chinese)
[10]Fang X,Zhang C,Chen X,et al.Newly developed theoretical solution and numerical model for conformal contact pressure distribution and free-edge effect in spherical plain bearings[J].Tribology International,2015,84:48-60.
[11]Germaneau A,Peyruseigt F,Mistou S,et al.Verification of a spherical plain bearing finite-element model using scattered light photoelasticitytests[J].Proceedings of Institution Mechanical Engineers Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2008,222(5):647-656.
[12]Jakobsson B O,Floberg L.The finite journal bearing considering vaporization[D].Goteborg,Sweden:Chalmers University of Technology,1957.
[13]Olsson K O.Cavitation in dynamically loaded journal bearings[D].Goteborg,Sweden:Chalmers University of Technology,1964.
[14]Bosch Rexroth AG Hydraulics Axial Piston Units.A4VG series32 operating instructions:RE920003-01-B/04.08[Z/OL].Germany:Bosch Rexroth Group,2008.http:∥www.boschrexroth.com/brm.
[15]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].第4版.北京:清华大学出版社,2012.WEN Shi-zhu,HUANG Ping.Principles of tribology[M].4th ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[16]Payvar P,Salant R F.A computational method for cavitation in a wavy mechanical seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1992,114(1):199-204.
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