黄樟种源、家系早期生长性状变异与初步选择
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摘要
比较广东省乳源县天井山林场、鹤山市宅梧镇、梅州市径南镇3个黄樟种源/家系试验林早期生长,为黄樟遗传改良提供理论依据。结果表明,3个试验点中黄樟的树高、地径在种源间和家系间都存在极显著的差异,种源、家系选择有效;地点、种源/家系、种源×地点、家系×地点互作的效应达到极显著水平,宅梧试验林生长最好,径南次之,天井山最差。在3个试验点上,树高、地径种源遗传力存在差异,但均表现出树高遗传力高于地径遗传力。不同试验点的树高、地径与经纬度的相关性均未达到显著性,地理变异趋势不明显。根据幼林长势及种源加性效应值和家系育种值,分别从3个试验点上初步选择出表现优良的种源和家系,优良家系的遗传增益均大于优良种源。
To compare the early growth of Cinnamomum porrectum provenances/families forests established in Tianjingshan Forest Farm, Zhaiwu town of Heshan city, Jingnan town of Meizhou city in Guangdong respectively, so as to provide theoretical basis for its genetic improvement. The results showed that: HT and GD both varied significantly among provenances and families at three sites, the selective effects of provenance and family is obvious. The effects of site, provenance, family, provenance by site interaction, family by site interaction were all significant, and growth of Zhaiwu experimental forest is best, Jingnan comes second, Tianjingshan is worst. Heritabilities of HT and GD both varied in the three experimental sites, but heritability of HT growth was always greater than that of GD. Most correlations between tree HT, GD and longitude, latitude didn't achieve significant correlation, growth traits geographic variation trend was not obvious. According to growth performance and provenance additive value, family breeding value, superior provenances and families were preliminarily selected in the three experimental sites, respectively; The genetic gains of superior families is greater than superior provenances.
To compare the early growth of Cinnamomum porrectum provenances/families forests established in Tianjingshan Forest Farm, Zhaiwu town of Heshan city, Jingnan town of Meizhou city in Guangdong respectively, so as to provide theoretical basis for its genetic improvement. The results showed that: HT and GD both varied significantly among provenances and families at three sites, the selective effects of provenance and family is obvious. The effects of site, provenance, family, provenance by site interaction, family by site interaction were all significant, and growth of Zhaiwu experimental forest is best, Jingnan comes second, Tianjingshan is worst. Heritabilities of HT and GD both varied in the three experimental sites, but heritability of HT growth was always greater than that of GD. Most correlations between tree HT, GD and longitude, latitude didn't achieve significant correlation, growth traits geographic variation trend was not obvious. According to growth performance and provenance additive value, family breeding value, superior provenances and families were preliminarily selected in the three experimental sites, respectively; The genetic gains of superior families is greater than superior provenances.
引文
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[2]朱太平.中国樟属植物精油的主要成分和利用[J].林化科技通讯,1986,(Z1):1-4.
[3]肖珍泉.黄樟在园林绿化中的地位及其栽培技术[J].广东建材,2008(2):180-181.
[4]聂蕾,陈奇伯,邓志华.昆明市常见植物对大气中氟化物的净化效应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(3):123-128.
[5]庞世龙,欧芷阳,申文辉,等.广西喀斯特地区不同植被恢复模式土壤质量综合评价[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(7):60-66.
[6]姚小华.樟树遗传变异与选择研究[D].长沙:中南林学院,2002.
[7]姚小华,任华东,孙银祥,等.樟树种源/家系早期性状变异及选择研究[J].江西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(3):330-335.
[8]孙银祥,姚小华,任华东,等.樟树种源苗期差异及性状相关[J].浙江林学院学报,1999,16(3):234-237.
[9]王健.植物精油的提取分离及其对病虫生物活性的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2003.
[10]Fumio Kawamura,Sitti Fatimah M.Ramle,Othman Sulaiman,et al.Antioxidant and antifungal activities of extracts from 15selected hardwood species of Malaysian timber[J].Eur.J.Wood Prod.,2011,69:207-212.
[11]Sen-Sung Cheng,Ju-Yun Liu,Yen-Ray Hsui,et al.Chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oilsfrom leaves of different provenances of indigenous Cinnamon(Cinnamomum osmophloeum)[J].Bioresource Technology,2006,97:306–312.
[12]Ayuba Sunday Buru,Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika,Vasanthakumari Neela,et al.In vitro antibacterial effects of Cinnamomum extracts on common bacteria found in wound infections with emphasis on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2014,153:587–595.
[13]赵永丰,许国云,苏智良,等.黄樟切根移袋育苗对比试验[J].西部林业科学,2007,36(1):103-105.
[14]许国云,段宗亮.勐海特有珍贵树种黄樟繁育技术[J].山东林业科技,2013,43(6):67-68.
[15]庄雪影,洪文君,黄川腾,等.11种乡土阔叶树在广州南沙的早期生长表现[J].林业科技开发,2012,26(5):17-20.
[16]刘济明,王军才,颜强,等.喀斯特森林优势树种黄樟生物量研究[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(5):2158-2161.
[17]罗永明,李斌,黄璐琦,等.黄樟叶挥发油成分研究[J].中药材,2003,26(9):638-639.
[18]Siti Farah H.,Nazlina I.,Yaacob W.A.Biological Activities of Aqueous Extract from Cinnamomum porrectum[C]//Murad AMHA,Yen,CC,Ismail,ES,et al.AIP Conference Proceedings.MALAYSIA,2013:250-253.
[19]张秋根,王岳峰,俞志雄,等.井冈山产黄樟叶精油的化学成份[J].江西农业大学学报,1994,16(3):303-307.
[20]陈洁,向睿,潘宏兵.攀枝花市城区行道树现状调查[J].四川林业科技,2010,31(1):85-90.
[21]薛建辉,唐荣南.林茶复合经营研究与应用[J].世界林业研究,1996,9(6):45-50.
[22]刘代亿,李根前,李莲芳,等.云南松优良家系及优良个体苗期选择研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(4):67-72.
[23]陈益泰.林木早期选择新进展[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(7):13-22.
[24]向珊珊,邓先珍,王文超.美国乌柏家系苗期变异和初步选择[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):113-118.
[25]程诗明.苦辣聚合群体遗传多样性研究与核心种质构建[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2005.
[26]黄少伟,谢维辉.实用SAS编程与林业试验数据分析[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2001.
[27]郑仁华.幼龄福建柏种源生长性状的遗传变异和种源选择[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(5):8-12.
[28]谭健晖,黄永利,冯源恒,等.15年和22年马尾松纸浆材优良家系选择[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(2):9-13.
[29]White T L,Thomas A M,Neale D B.Forest genetics[M].CAB International,Wallingford UK.2007.
[30]盘李军,王明怀,冼干标,等.云勇生态公益林树种选择及配置研究初报[J].广东林业科技,2013,29(5):1-6.
[31]吴能表,谈锋,肖文娟,等.光强因子对少花桂幼苗形态和生理指标及精油含量的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(5):1159-1163.
[32]陈辉祥.樟树不同地理种源生长性状差异研究[J].防护林科技,2015(4):7-9.
[33]冯瑜,张国防,李左荣.模拟不同施肥处理对芳樟树高和地径的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(6):34-39.
[34]刘仁林,胡明娇,李江.乌饭树果实大小的地理变异研究[J].经济林研究,2016,34(3):114-120.
[35]刘天颐,杨会肖,刘纯鑫,等.火炬松基因资源的育种值预测与选择[J].林业科学,2014,50(8):60-67.
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