燃料电池汽车的氢耗分析模型与应用
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摘要
为便于定量分析燃料电池汽车的氢耗影响因素和整车氢耗潜力,文中基于燃料电池汽车行驶时内部的能量流动关系,首先定义平均综合传动效率并提出理论氢耗计算分析模型.通过对氢耗的多种影响因素进行分析,进一步得到理论氢耗增量模型.最后基于advi-sor自带的燃料电池汽车模型,通过理论和仿真分析量化了滚动阻力系数、传动系机械效率、电机效率、燃料电池效率对整车经济性的影响.此外,基于各影响因素未来可能达到的极限状态,通过仿真得氢耗潜力为0.6 kg/100 km.不同因素的量化分析和氢耗潜力的确定不仅对燃料电池汽车动力系统前期研发有重要指导意义,而且在实车开发期间可为部件选择和参数标定提供优化方向.
In order to facilitate the quantitative analysis of hydrogen-consumption impact factors and hydro-gen-consumption potential for fuel cell vehicle, the average integrated transmission efficiency was first defined and a theoretical model of hydrogen-consumption calculation and analysis was proposed, on the basis of the internal ener-gy flow relationship of the fuel cell vehicle during driving. By analyzing the various impact factors of hydrogen-con-sumption, the theoretical hydrogen-consumption-increment model was further obtained. Finally, based on the fuel cell vehicle model provided by the advisor, the effects of rolling resistance coefficient, mechanical efficiency of the drive train, motor efficiency and fuel cell efficiency on the economics of the vehicle were quantified through theoreti-cal and simulation analysis. In addition, based on the possible-limit state that each influencing factor may reach in the future, the hydrogen consumption potential obtained from the simulation is 0.6 kg/100 km. The quantitative anal-ysis of different factors and the determination of hydrogen consumption potential not only provide critical reference for future research of the fuel cell vehicle powertrain, but also point out the optimization direction for component se-lection and parameter calibration during the development of actual vehicle.
In order to facilitate the quantitative analysis of hydrogen-consumption impact factors and hydro-gen-consumption potential for fuel cell vehicle, the average integrated transmission efficiency was first defined and a theoretical model of hydrogen-consumption calculation and analysis was proposed, on the basis of the internal ener-gy flow relationship of the fuel cell vehicle during driving. By analyzing the various impact factors of hydrogen-con-sumption, the theoretical hydrogen-consumption-increment model was further obtained. Finally, based on the fuel cell vehicle model provided by the advisor, the effects of rolling resistance coefficient, mechanical efficiency of the drive train, motor efficiency and fuel cell efficiency on the economics of the vehicle were quantified through theoreti-cal and simulation analysis. In addition, based on the possible-limit state that each influencing factor may reach in the future, the hydrogen consumption potential obtained from the simulation is 0.6 kg/100 km. The quantitative anal-ysis of different factors and the determination of hydrogen consumption potential not only provide critical reference for future research of the fuel cell vehicle powertrain, but also point out the optimization direction for component se-lection and parameter calibration during the development of actual vehicle.
引文
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[14]殷婷婷,孙逸神,梁潇,等.燃料电池轿车经济性影响因素分析[J].电源技术,2015,39(9):2035—2037.YING T T,SUN Y S,LIANG X,et al. Study on influencing factorsof fuel cell vehicle economical efficiency[J]. Power SupplyTechnology,2015,39(9):2035—2037.(In Chinese)
[2]秦孔建,高大威,卢青春,等.燃料电池汽车混合动力系统构型研究[J].汽车技术,2005(4):24—27.QING K J,GAO D W,LU Q C,et al. Study on configuration of thehybrid power system of fuel cell electric vehicles[J]. AutomobileTechnology,2005(4):24—27.(In Chinese)
[3]郭斌,秦孔建,卢青春,等.燃料电池混合动力系统构型和控制方法研究[J].汽车科技,2006(3):10—14.GUO B,QING K J,LU Q C,et al. Research on configuration andcontrol method of fuel cell hybrid power system[J]. AutomotiveScience and Technology,2006(3):10—14.(In Chinese)
[4]?海涛,徐煜超,曹爱霞,等.燃料电池叉车动力系统结构设计与参数匹配[J].济南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,32(1):1—6.YUN H T,XU Y C,CAO A X,et al. Design of power systemconfiguration and matching parameter for fuel cell forklift[J].Journal of Jinan University(Science and Technology),2018,32(1):1—6.(In Chinese)
[5] HU Z Y,LI J Q,XU L F,et al. Multi-objective energymanagement optimization and parameter sizing for proton exchangemembrane hybrid fuel cell vehicles[J]. Energy Conversion andManagement,2016,129:108—121.
[6]秦大同,林毓培,刘星源,等.基于系统效率的PHEV动力与控制参数优化[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,45(2):62—68.QIN D T,LIN Y P,LIU X Y,et al. Optimization of power andcontrol parameters for PHEV based on system efficiency[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences),2018,45(2):62—68.(In Chinese)
[7] LIU C H,LIU L. Optimal power source sizing of fuel cell hybridvehicles based on Pontryagin′s minimum principle[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2015,40(26):8454—8464.
[8]徐梁飞,李相俊,华剑锋,等.燃料电池混合动力参数辨识及整车控制策略优化[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(2):56—61.XU L F,i LI X J,HUA J F,et al. Parameter identification andcontrol strategy optimization of hybrid fuel cell power train[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(2):56—61.(InChinese)
[9]何洪文,林逸,魏跃远.燃料电池混合动力汽车控制策略研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2007(3):223—226+273.HE H W,LIN Y,WEI Y Y. Study on the control strategy for a fuelcell hybrid vehicle[J]. Transaction of Beijing Institute ofTechnology,2007(3):223—226+273.(In Chinese)
[10]周云山,贾杰锋,李航洋,等. CVT插电式混合动力汽车经济性控制策略[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(8):25—31.ZHOU Y S,JIA J F,LI H Y,et al. Economic control strategy for aplug-in hybrid electric vehicle equipped with CVT[J]. Journal ofHunan University(Natural Sciences),2016,43(8):25—31.(InChinese)
[11] HAMES Y,KAYA K,BALTACIOGLU E,et al. Analysis of thecontrol strategies for fuel saving in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicles[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2018,43(23):10810—10821.
[12] TRIBIOLI L,COZZOLINO R,CHIAPPINI D,et al. Energymanagement of a plug-in fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicle with on-board fuel processing[J]. Applied Energy,2016,184:140—154.
[13]杨慧敏,宋珂,张涛,等.动力系统配置对燃料电池车经济性的影响分析[J].机电一体化,2016,22(1):51—55.YANG H M,SONG K,ZHANG T,et al. Powertrain configurationimpacts on the fuel economy and use-cost of fuel cell vehicle[J].Mechatronics,2016,22(1):51—55.(In Chinese)
[14]殷婷婷,孙逸神,梁潇,等.燃料电池轿车经济性影响因素分析[J].电源技术,2015,39(9):2035—2037.YING T T,SUN Y S,LIANG X,et al. Study on influencing factorsof fuel cell vehicle economical efficiency[J]. Power SupplyTechnology,2015,39(9):2035—2037.(In Chinese)