河北涞源白石山地质公园“1.5Ga前地裂缝”新解
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摘要
梁定益等(2002)研究认为太行山北段河北省涞源县白石山地质公园内存在一条与中元古代雾迷山组沉积时代相当的地裂缝构造,且地裂缝内填充由地震触发,重力垮塌形成的震积岩(含软沉积变形)。近期实地考察后,笔者等得出与上述观点不同的认识,即先前认为的地裂缝实为一条断裂带:震积岩为断裂带构造岩;断层主滑移带内发育S—C面理构造;断层角砾复杂结构是构造变形和压溶作用的结果;断裂整体表现为含正断层分量的走滑断层。结合太行山北段区域构造演化历史,本文提出该断裂最早形成于燕山运动期间,此后在区域构造应力作用下可能多次活动。
Objectives: Liang Dingyi et al.( 2002&) proposed that a ground fissure cropped out in the Baishi Mountain Geological Park,Laiyuan County,belonging to the northern segment of the Taihang Mountain. And the ground fissure formed at the same time when the Wumishan formation deposited in Middle Proterozoic and filled by seismically collapsed breccias,including soft- sediment deformation structures. However,this idea is likely controversial. Methods: In this paper,we restudy the "fissure"by carefully field survey and propose its formation mechanism based on the structural evolution history of the Northern Taihang Mountain. Furthermore,another structural evolution model is suggested.Results: Field work displayed that the "fissure"had a typical architecture of a fault zone: S- C fabrics were found in the slip zone; the fault zone consisted of fault breccias which were heavily modified by pressure solution process during deformation; the whole of the fault appear as a strike- slip with normal fault component. On the other side,there's no overlying stable strata above the "fissure"was observed and the "fissure"might be very hard to be preserved during the long and complicated structural evolution.Conclusions: Combining with the regional tectonic evolution history of the north Taihang Mountain,we suggested that the Baishi Mountain fault likely formed as early as the stage of the Yanshan movement,then it experienced one or more phased faulting with different ratio of strike- slip,normal fault and thrust components.
Objectives: Liang Dingyi et al.( 2002&) proposed that a ground fissure cropped out in the Baishi Mountain Geological Park,Laiyuan County,belonging to the northern segment of the Taihang Mountain. And the ground fissure formed at the same time when the Wumishan formation deposited in Middle Proterozoic and filled by seismically collapsed breccias,including soft- sediment deformation structures. However,this idea is likely controversial. Methods: In this paper,we restudy the "fissure"by carefully field survey and propose its formation mechanism based on the structural evolution history of the Northern Taihang Mountain. Furthermore,another structural evolution model is suggested.Results: Field work displayed that the "fissure"had a typical architecture of a fault zone: S- C fabrics were found in the slip zone; the fault zone consisted of fault breccias which were heavily modified by pressure solution process during deformation; the whole of the fault appear as a strike- slip with normal fault component. On the other side,there's no overlying stable strata above the "fissure"was observed and the "fissure"might be very hard to be preserved during the long and complicated structural evolution.Conclusions: Combining with the regional tectonic evolution history of the north Taihang Mountain,we suggested that the Baishi Mountain fault likely formed as early as the stage of the Yanshan movement,then it experienced one or more phased faulting with different ratio of strike- slip,normal fault and thrust components.
引文
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聂泽同,梁定益,赵崇贺,宋志敏.2002.一种新的地质地貌景观类型---河北省白石山大理岩构造峰林特点及成因.地质通报,21(6):357~362.
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苏德辰,孙爱萍,郑桂森,吕金波,郭荣涛.2013.北京西山寒武系滑塌构造的初步研究.地质学报,87(8):1067~1075.
闫淑玉,张进江,王晓先,卢丹,王丽斌.2012.太行山东缘断裂南支断层性质及断层泥K-Ar同位素年龄.地质科学,47(1):1~12.
张传恒,武振杰,高林志,王巍,田彦林,马超.2007.华北中元古界雾迷山组地震驱动的软沉积物变形构造及其地质意义.中国科学(D辑),37(3):336~343.
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黄宝春,周烑秀,朱日祥.2008.从古地磁研究看中国大陆形成于演化过程.地学前缘,15(3):348~359.
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刘玲,陈斌,刘安坤.2009.北太行紫荆关基性岩体的成因:岩石学和地球化学证据.地球科学,34(1):165~178.
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聂泽同,梁定益,赵崇贺,宋志敏.2002.一种新的地质地貌景观类型---河北省白石山大理岩构造峰林特点及成因.地质通报,21(6):357~362.
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乔秀夫.1996.中国震积岩的研究与展望.地质论评,42(4):317~320
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乔秀夫,李海兵,邱祝礼.2013.震积岩---沉积岩中的古地震记录.见:冯增昭.主编.中国沉积学(第二版).北京:石油工业出版社,507~615.
宋天锐.1988.北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震-海啸序列.科学通报,8:609~611.
苏德辰,孙爱萍.2011.北京永定河谷中元古界雾迷山组软沉积物变形与古地震发生频率.古地理学报,13(6):591~614.
苏德辰,孙爱萍,郑桂森,吕金波,郭荣涛.2013.北京西山寒武系滑塌构造的初步研究.地质学报,87(8):1067~1075.
闫淑玉,张进江,王晓先,卢丹,王丽斌.2012.太行山东缘断裂南支断层性质及断层泥K-Ar同位素年龄.地质科学,47(1):1~12.
张传恒,武振杰,高林志,王巍,田彦林,马超.2007.华北中元古界雾迷山组地震驱动的软沉积物变形构造及其地质意义.中国科学(D辑),37(3):336~343.
张家声,徐杰,万景林,张剑玺,高占武.2002.太行山山前中-新生代伸展拆离构造和年代学.地质通报,21(4~5):207~210.
张世红,李正祥,吴怀春,王鸿祯.2000.华北地台新元古代古地磁研究新成果及其古地理意义.中国科学(D辑),30(增刊):138~147.
Bing Ying,Meng Ruifa.2009&.Geology and genesis of TaibaiWeishan polymetallic deposit,Lingqiu County,Shanxi Province,China.Geological Bulletin of China,28(10):1499~1510.
Blikra L H and Nemec W.1998.Postglacial colluvium in western Norway:depositional processes,facies and paleoclimatic record.Sedimentology,45:909~959.
Cai Jianhui,Yan Guohan,Chang Zhaoshan,Wang Xiaofang,Shao Hongxiang,Chu Zhuyin.2003&.Petrological and geochemical characteristics of the Wanganzhen complex and discussion on its genesis.Acta Petrologica Sinica,19(1):81~92.
Chen Bin,Tian Wei,Zhai Mingguo,Arakawa Yoji.2005&.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of the Mesozoic magmatism in the Taihang Mountains and other places of the North China craton,with implications for petrogenesis and geodynamic setting.Acta Petrologica Sinica,21(1):13~24.
Ettensohn F R,Zhang Chuanheng,Gao Linzhi and Lierman R T.2011.Soft-sediment deformation in epicontinental carbonates as evidence of paleoseismicity with evidence for a possible new seismogenic indicator:Accordion folds.Sedimentary Geology,235:222~233.
Gratier J P.2011.Fault permeability and strength evolution related to fracturing and healing episodic processes(years to millennia):The role of pressure solution.Oil&Gas Science and Technology,66(3):491~506.
Hickman S H and Evans B.1991.Experimental pressure solution in halite:the effect of grain/interphase boundary structure.Journal of the Geological Society,London,148,549~560.
Hou Guiting,Li Jianghai,Qian Xianglin,Zhang Baoxing,Halls H C.2001&.The paleomagnetism and geological significance of MesoProterozoic dyke swarms in the central North China Craton.Science in China(D),44(2):185~192.
Huang Baochun,Zhou Yaoxiu,Zhu Rixiang.2008&.Discussions on Phanerozoic evolution and formation of continental China,based on paleomagnetic studies.Earth Science Frontiers,15(3):348~359.
Ju Ziyun.1982&.The features of the Zijingguan fracture in the northern section of the Taihang Mountains and the inference of the process of its formation and evolution.Geological Bulletin of China,3:56~66.
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