法国森林可持续经营管理及经验借鉴
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摘要
文章首先介绍了法国森林资源和管理机构现状,然后从法律规定、分类管理、森林经营、政策扶持等方面综述了法国森林可持续经营措施,进一步给出森林可持续经营展望。最后,总结法国森林可持经营经验及其启示,包括保护与开发相结合,生态与产业并重;科教服务于实践,提升森林质量;所有权经营权分离,推动国有林区改革和集体林权制度改革;林草融合发展,实现生态系统综合治理;法律保障与政策支持,加快森林法修改。
Firstly, this paper introduced the status of forest resources and management institutions in France. Then,it reviewed the sustainable management measures of forests in France from the aspects of legal regulations, classification management, forest management and policy support, and the prospect of sustainable forest management was further given. Finally, it summed up the experience and enlightenment of French forest sustainable management,including the combination of protection and development and to take the same importance of ecological and industrial; the services to practice of science and education to improve forest quality accurately; separation of ownership and management rights to promote reform of state-owned forest regions and reform of collective forest tenure system; the integration of forests and grasses to achieve comprehensive governance of ecosystems; the legal guarantee and policy support to accelerate the revision of the forest law.
Firstly, this paper introduced the status of forest resources and management institutions in France. Then,it reviewed the sustainable management measures of forests in France from the aspects of legal regulations, classification management, forest management and policy support, and the prospect of sustainable forest management was further given. Finally, it summed up the experience and enlightenment of French forest sustainable management,including the combination of protection and development and to take the same importance of ecological and industrial; the services to practice of science and education to improve forest quality accurately; separation of ownership and management rights to promote reform of state-owned forest regions and reform of collective forest tenure system; the integration of forests and grasses to achieve comprehensive governance of ecosystems; the legal guarantee and policy support to accelerate the revision of the forest law.
引文
2016年公共和私人可持续森林管理文件(法语)[EB/OL].(2017-7-18)https://agriculture.gouv.fr(2017-7-18)
赴法山地营林及水土保持报技术培训团.法国的森林资源管理与林业建设经验--赴法国山地营林及水土保持考察报告[J].贵州林业科技,2000(4):60~64
法国农业部网.THE NATIONAL FOREST AND WOOD PRO-GRAMME(PNFB)2016-2026[EB/OL].2017-4-13https://agriculture.gouv.fr.2017-4-13
法国文化网.法国生态森林历史[EB/OL].(2013-8-25)http://www.faguowenhua.com
李智勇等.主要国家《森林法》比较研究[M].中国林业出版社,2009
刘俊昌等.世界国有林管理研究[M].中国林业出版社,2010
中国林业网.法国林业管理机构[EB/OL].http://france.forestry.gov.cn/article/843/853/881/2013-06/20130618-094141.html.2013-6-18
中国林业网.法国森林管理政策[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/map/sjly/France.
中国社会科学网.法国科研创新体系亟待走向多元[EB/OL].(2014-7-15)http://www.cssn.cn/sjxz/201407/t20140715_1254060.shtml.
(1)CF,即Code forestier,2014.the French legal system is based on a law structuration established by Napoléon I called“code
赴法山地营林及水土保持报技术培训团.法国的森林资源管理与林业建设经验--赴法国山地营林及水土保持考察报告[J].贵州林业科技,2000(4):60~64
法国农业部网.THE NATIONAL FOREST AND WOOD PRO-GRAMME(PNFB)2016-2026[EB/OL].2017-4-13https://agriculture.gouv.fr.2017-4-13
法国文化网.法国生态森林历史[EB/OL].(2013-8-25)http://www.faguowenhua.com
李智勇等.主要国家《森林法》比较研究[M].中国林业出版社,2009
刘俊昌等.世界国有林管理研究[M].中国林业出版社,2010
中国林业网.法国林业管理机构[EB/OL].http://france.forestry.gov.cn/article/843/853/881/2013-06/20130618-094141.html.2013-6-18
中国林业网.法国森林管理政策[EB/OL].(2013-9-14)http://www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/map/sjly/France.
中国社会科学网.法国科研创新体系亟待走向多元[EB/OL].(2014-7-15)http://www.cssn.cn/sjxz/201407/t20140715_1254060.shtml.
(1)CF,即Code forestier,2014.the French legal system is based on a law structuration established by Napoléon I called“code