广西某高校学生坐位体前屈与体成分性别差异的调查
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摘要
背景:研究在校大学生的柔韧性及体成分的关系,对于增强大学生身体健康水平及运动水平有非常重要的意义。目的:调查广西某医学高校大学生坐位体前屈和体成分的性别差异。方法:随机抽取2 175名广西某高校在校大学生,利用MC-180体成分测试仪测量体成分。参照国家体质健康测试标准测试受试者坐位体前屈数据,根据结果数据四分位数将受试者划为4组:≤12.10cm组,>12.10-16.40 cm组,> 16.40-20.70 cm组,> 20.70 cm组。使用软件SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。结果与结论:①女性大学生的体质量指数、体脂率、去脂体质量指数、上肢肌肉量和下肢肌肉量与坐位体前屈的相关性显著(P <0.05),其中体脂率与坐位体前屈呈显著负相关,且≤12.10 cm组的体质量指数、去脂体质量指数、上肢肌肉量和下肢肌肉量显著低于其他组;②男性大学生的去脂体质量指数和上肢肌肉量与坐位体前屈的相关系数具有统计学意义(P <0.05),且16.40-20.70 cm组的去脂体质量指数和上肢肌肉量显著大于≤12.10cm组;③结果说明,男、女大学生身体的柔韧性与去脂体质量指数和上肢肌肉量与存在正相关关系。
BACKGROUND: Studying the relationship between flexibility and body composition of college students is of great significance for enhancing the levels of physical health and sports. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between sit-and-reach and body composition of college students in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and differences between sexes. METHODS: Totally 2 175 students from a Guangxi university were randomly selected. Body composition was determined by the MC-180 body composition tester. The students were divided into four groups: ≤ 12.10 cm group, > 12.10-16.40 cm group, > 16.40-20.70 group and > 20.70 group according to quartile of sit-and-reach measured in accordance with the National Physical Health Test Standard. All data were processed by SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sit-and-reach was significantly correlated with body mass index, percentage of body fat, fat-free mass index, upper limb lean mass and lower limb lean mass(P < 0.05), and percentage of body fat was negatively correlated with sit-and-reach(P < 0.05). The body mass index, fat-free mass index, upper limb lean mass and lower limb lean mass in the ≤ 12.10 cm group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. Fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass were correlated with sit-and-reach in male college students(P < 0.05). The fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass in the > 16.40-20.70 cm group were significantly higher than those in the ≤ 12.10 cm group. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the flexibility and fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass in college students.
BACKGROUND: Studying the relationship between flexibility and body composition of college students is of great significance for enhancing the levels of physical health and sports. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between sit-and-reach and body composition of college students in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and differences between sexes. METHODS: Totally 2 175 students from a Guangxi university were randomly selected. Body composition was determined by the MC-180 body composition tester. The students were divided into four groups: ≤ 12.10 cm group, > 12.10-16.40 cm group, > 16.40-20.70 group and > 20.70 group according to quartile of sit-and-reach measured in accordance with the National Physical Health Test Standard. All data were processed by SPSS 22.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sit-and-reach was significantly correlated with body mass index, percentage of body fat, fat-free mass index, upper limb lean mass and lower limb lean mass(P < 0.05), and percentage of body fat was negatively correlated with sit-and-reach(P < 0.05). The body mass index, fat-free mass index, upper limb lean mass and lower limb lean mass in the ≤ 12.10 cm group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. Fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass were correlated with sit-and-reach in male college students(P < 0.05). The fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass in the > 16.40-20.70 cm group were significantly higher than those in the ≤ 12.10 cm group. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the flexibility and fat-free mass index and upper limb lean mass in college students.
引文
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[3]孙庆祝,郝文亭,洪峰.体育测量与评价[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[4]方春露,周亮.不同专业背景学生的体质对比的分析--以湖南科技大学体育与非体育专业学生为例[J].体育科技,2014,35(2):96-97+100.
[5]马顺江,刘亮.有氧健身操对孝感市中年女性体质的影响[J].体育世界(下刊),2013,(4):77-78.
[6]戴玉琴.瑜伽运动对更年期妇女健康体能和症状困扰的影响[D].衡阳:南华大学,2013.
[7]闫丹,阮祥燕.人体成分测定方法的临床应用与进展[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011,15(24):4499-4502.
[8]李立,陈玉娟,袖山纱季.中日女大学生体成分身体形态比较[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(2):146-148.
[9]顾芳,陈晓红,郑陆.北京市女大学生骨密度及体成分变化特征的研究[J].北京体育大学学报.2011,34(8):57-59.
[10]白静雅,何烨,海向军,等.回族大学生骨密度和体成分的变化特点[J].解剖学报,2015,46(03):410-414.
[11]黄丽仟,李俏丽,黄彬彬,等.广西在校男大学生体能测试成绩与身体肌肉参数的相关性[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(2):248-251.
[12]Eddy JM,Eynom D,Stephen N,et al.Impact of physical fitness prog-Am in blue-collar workplace.Health Value.1990;14(6):14-23.
[13]Sternfield B,Wang H,Quesenberry CP JR.Physical activity and changes in weight and waist circumference in midlife women:finding from the study of women’s Health Across the Nation.Am J Epidemiol.2004;160(9):912-922.
[14]Buffa R,Mereu E,Comandini O,et al.Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis(BIVA)for the assessment of two-compartment body composition.2014;68(11):1234-1240.
[15]Ward LC,Müller MJ.Bioelectrical impedance analysis.2013;67:S1.
[16]Mo D,Hsieh P,Yu H,et al.The relationship between osteoporosis and body composition in pre-and postmenopausal women from different ethnic groups in China.Ethn Health.2017;22(3):295-310.
[17]Bolanowski M,Nilsson BE.Assessment of human body composition using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis.Med Sci Monit.2001;7(5):1029-1033.
[18]Jaffrin MY,Kieffer R,Moreno MV.Evaluation of a foot-to-foot impedance meter measuring extracellular fluid volume in addition to fat-free mass and fat tissue mass.Nutrition.2005;21(7-8):815-824.
[19]Jebb SA,Siervo M,Murgatroyd PR,et al.Validity of the leg-to-leg bioimpedance to estimate changes in body fat during weight loss and regain in overweight women:a comparison with multi-compartment models.Int J Obes(Lond).2007;31(5):756-762.
[20]National Institute of Statistics.Condizioni di salute,fattori di rischio ericorso ai servizi sanitari.2005.
[21]Thomson R,Brinkworth GD,Buckley JD,et al.Good agreement between bioelectrical impedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for estimating changes in body composition during weight loss in overweight young women.Clin Nutr.2007;26(6):771-777.
[22]教育部国家学生体质健康标准说明[EB/OL].[2014-07-28].http://www.csh.edu.cn/index.htm.
[23]Institute of Medicine.Fitness measures and health outcomes in youth].Washington,DC:National Academies Press,2012.
[24]龙斌,李丹阳.功能性训练的科学内涵[J].武汉体育学院学报,2013,47(2):72-76.
[25]李梅.艺术体操柔韧练习过程中伤病的预防[J].运动科学,2015(1):28-30.
[26]Plowman SA.Muscular strength,endurance,and flexibility assessments[C]//Plowman SA,Meredith MD.FITNESSGRAM/ACTIVITYGRAMreference guide.2014;8:1-55.
[27]Miyachi M,Sanada K,Yamamoto K,et al.Age,flexibility,and metabolicsyndrome.Med Sci Sports Exerc.2007;39(Suppl5):238.
[28]Fernhall B,Agiovlasitis S.Arterial function in youth:Window into cardiovascular risk.J Appl Physiol(1985).2008;105(1):325-333.
[29]Yamamoto K,Kawano H,Gando Y,et al.Poor trunk flexibility is associated with arterial stiffening.Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.2009;297(4):H1314-H1318.
[30]Farinatti PT,Brand?o C,Soares PP,et al.Acute effects of stretching exercise on the heart rate variability in subjects with low flexibility levels.J Strength Cond Res.2011;25(6):1579-1585.
[31]Chillón P,Castro-Pi?ero J,Ruiz JR,et al.Hip flexibility is the main determinant of the back-saver sit-and-reach test in adolescents.J Sports Sci.2010:28(6):641-648.
[32]De Nardi M,La Torre A,Benis R,et al.Acute effects of whole-body cryotherapy on sit-and-reach amplitude in women and men.Cryobiology.2015;71(3):511-513.
[33]任拴锁.青少年标枪运动员柔韧性训练[J].青少年体育,2018,(3):115+65.
[34]Mookerjee S,McMahon MJ.Electromyographic analysis of muscle activation during sit-and-reach flexibility tests.JStrength Cond Res.2014;28(12):3496-3501.
[35]张葆欣,周道宏.健身关节操对中老年群体柔韧素质的影响[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(52):10522-10523+10542.
[36]Davis DS,Quinn RO,Whiteman CT,et al.Concurrent validity of four clinical tests used to measure hamstring flexibility.JStrength Cond Res.2008;22(2):583-588.
[37]Lemmink KA,Kemper HC,de Greef MH,et al.The validity of the sit-and-reach test and the modified sit-and-reach test in middle-aged to older men and women.Res Q Exerc Sport.2003;74(3):331-336.
[38]López-Mi?arro PA,Andújar PS,Rodr?guez-Garc?a PL.Acomparison of the sit-and-reach test and the back-saver sit-and-reach test in university students.J Sports Sci Med.2009;8(1):116-122.
[39]Mier CM.Accuracy and feasibility of video analysis for assessing hamstring flexibility and validity of the sit-and-reach test.Res Q Exerc Sport.2011;82(4):617-623.
[40]López-Mi?arro PA,Rodríguez-García PL.Hamstring muscle extensibility influences the criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach and toe-touch tests.J Strength Cond Res.2010;24(4):1013-1018.
[41]Liemohn W,Sharpe GL,Wasserman JF.Criterion related validity of the sit-and-reach test.J Strength Cond Res.1994(8):91-94.
[42]肖红克,王莉,胡精超.河南省大学生体质状况以及影响体质健康的因素研究--基于2016年河南省高校体测数据的分析[J].吉林体育学院学报,2018,34(4):97-103.
[43]Manire JT,Kipp R,Spencer J,et al.Diurnal variation of hamstring and lumbar flexibility.J Strength Cond Res.2010;24(6):1464-1471.
[44]Chillón P,Castro-Pi?ero J,Ruiz JR,et al.Hip flexibility is the main determinant of the back-saver sit-and-reach test in adolescents.J Sports Sci.2010;28(6):641-648.
[45]Mi?arro PA,Andújar PS,García PL,et al.A comparison of the spine posture among several sit-and-reach test protocols.JSci Med Sport.2007;10(6):456-462.
[46]Kawano MM,Ambar G,Oliveira BI,et al.Influence of the gastrocnemius muscle on the sit-and-reach test assessed by angular kinematic analysis.Rev Bras Fisioter.2010;14(1):10-15.
[47]Youdas JW,Krause DA,Hollman JH.Validity of hamstring muscle length assessment during the sit-and-reach test using an inclinometer to measure hip joint angle.J Strength Cond Res.2008;22(1):303-309.
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