三七活血与止血机制及其改善肾脏病血瘀证的作用特点
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摘要
三七可入于肾经,兼止血活血于一身,在其所含的多种生物活性成分中,三七素和三七总皂苷分别起止血与活血作用,且均能有效保护肾脏。瘀血既是肾脏病发展进程中的病理产物,也是肾脏病加重及缠绵难愈的致病因素。活血化瘀法是肾脏病血瘀证的重要治疗手段,三七作为我国传统的活血化瘀要药,在治疗肾脏病血瘀证方面疗效显著。文章通过查阅古今文献,系统总结和归纳了三七的归经、功效、主要成分、活血与止血的机制,以及三七能够从多靶点有效改善肾脏病血瘀证的作用特点。
The Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen belongs to kidney channel, and has the effect of stopping bleeding and activating blood. In the biologically active ingredients of Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen, the dencichine and Panax notoginseng saponins play a role in hemostasis and promoting blood circulation, respectively, and can effectively protect the kidneys. Blood stasis is not only a pathological factor which products in the development of nephropathy, but also a pathogenic factor that aggravates the kidney disease and becomes lingering. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is an important treatment method for blood stasis syndrome of kidney disease. The Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen,as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, has a significant effect on the treatment of renal blood stasis syndrome. This paper systematically summarized the channel tropism and efficacy of Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen, and the mechanism of its promoting blood circulation and hemostasis by reviewing ancient and modern literatures, and the function characteristics that Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen can effectively improve the blood stasis syndrome of kidney disease from multiple targets.
The Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen belongs to kidney channel, and has the effect of stopping bleeding and activating blood. In the biologically active ingredients of Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen, the dencichine and Panax notoginseng saponins play a role in hemostasis and promoting blood circulation, respectively, and can effectively protect the kidneys. Blood stasis is not only a pathological factor which products in the development of nephropathy, but also a pathogenic factor that aggravates the kidney disease and becomes lingering. Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is an important treatment method for blood stasis syndrome of kidney disease. The Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen,as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, has a significant effect on the treatment of renal blood stasis syndrome. This paper systematically summarized the channel tropism and efficacy of Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen, and the mechanism of its promoting blood circulation and hemostasis by reviewing ancient and modern literatures, and the function characteristics that Panax notoginseng(Burk) F. H. Chen can effectively improve the blood stasis syndrome of kidney disease from multiple targets.
引文
[1]孙玉琴,向飞军,曾江,等.云南省不同产地三七皂苷含量的比较.文山学院学报,2013,26(6):8-10
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:11-12
[3]Yi-Jun Qiao,Jia-Huan Shang,Dong Wang,et al.Research of Panax spp.in Kunming Institute of Botany,CAS.Natural Products and Bioprospecting,2018,8(4):245-263
[4]Kosuge T,Yokota M,Ochiai A.Studies on antihemorrhagic principles in the crude drugs for hemostatics.Ⅱ. on antihemorrhagic principle in Sanchi Ginseng Radix.Yakugaku Zasshi,1981,101(7):629-632
[5]郑璐,郑健,刘庆荣,等.红参中水溶性成分三七素的生理活性研究.中成药,2001,23(12):905-906
[6]张玉萍,余琼.三七素的止血活性及其神经毒作用实验研究.山东中医杂志,2010,29(1):43-45
[7]王珍,杨靖亚,宋书杰,等.三七素对凝血功能的影响及止血机制.中国新药杂志,2014,23(3):356-359
[8]Ling-Fang Huang,Hai-Lian Shi,Bo Gao,et al.Decichine enhances hemostasis of activated platelets via AMPA receptors.Thrombosis Research,2014,133(5):848-854
[9]Shilan Ding,Min Wang,Song Fang,et al.D-dencichine regulates thrombopoiesis by promoting megakaryocyte adhesion,migration and proplatelet formation.Frontiers in Pharmacology,2018,9:297
[10]Li Jie,Qiu Pengcheng,He Qiaoyan,et al.Dencichine ameliorates kidney injury in induced typeⅡdiabetic nephropathy via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.European Journal of Pharmacology,2017,10(812):196-205
[11]Ting Wang,Rixin Guo,Guohong Zhou,et al.Traditional uses,botany,phytochemistry,pharmacology and toxicology of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen:A review.Journal of Ethno-Pharmacolog,2016,188:234-258
[12]赵毅,贾小谊,宁金民,等.血栓通对血管内皮功能的影响.西部中医药,2013,26(7):17-19
[13]苏靖,李兴广,李卫红,等.三七总皂苷对拟缺血损伤脑微血管内皮细胞PLA2G4A表达及其下游产物的影响.中国中医基础医学杂志,2017,23(2):196-198
[14]王炎炎,朱慧超,李来来,等.注射用血栓通体外对家兔血小板聚集的影响.中草药,2014,45(18):2669-2672
[15]林辉,张祥贵.三七总皂苷预处理对急性期缺血再灌注肾脏的保护作用.贵州医学,2017,41(2):124-126
[16]孙雯怡,彭康宁,李洋洋,等.三七总皂苷预处理对肾缺血再灌注损伤大鼠NF-κBp65、IL-1β表达的影响.中药药理与临床,2017,33(5):58-62
[17]钟丹,刘明平,邹一平,等.三七总皂甙对系膜增生性肾小球肾炎模型大鼠血液流变学的影响.中国老年学杂志,2010,30:958-959
[18]ZHOU Jing-xin,AI Zhi-min,SUN Wen,et al.Mechanism study of panax notoginseng saponins on protective effect for podocyte in diabetic nephropathy mice.China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy,2014,29(5):1316-1321
[19]高文波,魏军军,翁国斌,等.三七总皂苷对大鼠肾小管上皮间充质转化过程的影响.现代实用学,2013,25(6):606-608,612
[20]张龙真,黄岩杰,杨晓青,等.瘀血对过敏性紫癜患儿肾脏损伤的影响.中华中医药杂志,2017,32(8):3837-3839
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:11-12
[3]Yi-Jun Qiao,Jia-Huan Shang,Dong Wang,et al.Research of Panax spp.in Kunming Institute of Botany,CAS.Natural Products and Bioprospecting,2018,8(4):245-263
[4]Kosuge T,Yokota M,Ochiai A.Studies on antihemorrhagic principles in the crude drugs for hemostatics.Ⅱ. on antihemorrhagic principle in Sanchi Ginseng Radix.Yakugaku Zasshi,1981,101(7):629-632
[5]郑璐,郑健,刘庆荣,等.红参中水溶性成分三七素的生理活性研究.中成药,2001,23(12):905-906
[6]张玉萍,余琼.三七素的止血活性及其神经毒作用实验研究.山东中医杂志,2010,29(1):43-45
[7]王珍,杨靖亚,宋书杰,等.三七素对凝血功能的影响及止血机制.中国新药杂志,2014,23(3):356-359
[8]Ling-Fang Huang,Hai-Lian Shi,Bo Gao,et al.Decichine enhances hemostasis of activated platelets via AMPA receptors.Thrombosis Research,2014,133(5):848-854
[9]Shilan Ding,Min Wang,Song Fang,et al.D-dencichine regulates thrombopoiesis by promoting megakaryocyte adhesion,migration and proplatelet formation.Frontiers in Pharmacology,2018,9:297
[10]Li Jie,Qiu Pengcheng,He Qiaoyan,et al.Dencichine ameliorates kidney injury in induced typeⅡdiabetic nephropathy via the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.European Journal of Pharmacology,2017,10(812):196-205
[11]Ting Wang,Rixin Guo,Guohong Zhou,et al.Traditional uses,botany,phytochemistry,pharmacology and toxicology of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen:A review.Journal of Ethno-Pharmacolog,2016,188:234-258
[12]赵毅,贾小谊,宁金民,等.血栓通对血管内皮功能的影响.西部中医药,2013,26(7):17-19
[13]苏靖,李兴广,李卫红,等.三七总皂苷对拟缺血损伤脑微血管内皮细胞PLA2G4A表达及其下游产物的影响.中国中医基础医学杂志,2017,23(2):196-198
[14]王炎炎,朱慧超,李来来,等.注射用血栓通体外对家兔血小板聚集的影响.中草药,2014,45(18):2669-2672
[15]林辉,张祥贵.三七总皂苷预处理对急性期缺血再灌注肾脏的保护作用.贵州医学,2017,41(2):124-126
[16]孙雯怡,彭康宁,李洋洋,等.三七总皂苷预处理对肾缺血再灌注损伤大鼠NF-κBp65、IL-1β表达的影响.中药药理与临床,2017,33(5):58-62
[17]钟丹,刘明平,邹一平,等.三七总皂甙对系膜增生性肾小球肾炎模型大鼠血液流变学的影响.中国老年学杂志,2010,30:958-959
[18]ZHOU Jing-xin,AI Zhi-min,SUN Wen,et al.Mechanism study of panax notoginseng saponins on protective effect for podocyte in diabetic nephropathy mice.China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy,2014,29(5):1316-1321
[19]高文波,魏军军,翁国斌,等.三七总皂苷对大鼠肾小管上皮间充质转化过程的影响.现代实用学,2013,25(6):606-608,612
[20]张龙真,黄岩杰,杨晓青,等.瘀血对过敏性紫癜患儿肾脏损伤的影响.中华中医药杂志,2017,32(8):3837-3839