三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地东南边缘的扩张——来自南召地区沉积及碎屑锆石年代学的证据
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摘要
为研究鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪时期东南边缘的延伸范围,对其东南方向的南召地区太山庙剖面三叠系地层进行实测,利用层序地层学及沉积学原理划分沉积旋回、判断沉积环境;同时,运用LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年代学方法,探讨南召地区三叠系地层物质来源。结果表明,南召地区三叠系地层可划分出5个沉积旋回,其中包括1个Ⅱ级层序与5个Ⅲ级层序,与鄂尔多斯东南部延长组有较好的对应,但几乎全部为深水沉积环境。碎屑锆石的年龄范围为1 654~230 Ma,大致可分为4个年龄段:1 400~1 600 Ma,640~1 100 Ma,400~550 Ma,200~334 Ma,均有明显峰值。与周缘地体年龄数据进行对比发现,碎屑岩主要来源于北秦岭,少量印支期锆石应来自于南秦岭印支期花岗岩,没有来自华北克拉通内部的物源。将沉积特征及锆石年龄谱与鄂尔多斯东南部金锁关地区延长组及北秦岭柳叶河盆地三叠系地层进行对比分析,推测三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地向南扩张到北秦岭,且华北板块南缘和北秦岭带之间存在一个以宽坪群为主体的隆起带,自南召地区向西至金锁关地区以南逐渐降低,至柳叶河盆地消失。因此,三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘可扩展至南召地区,两者的演化同时受到秦岭造山带的控制。
In order to study the extension range of Southeastern Ordos Basin in Triassic,this paper measured Triassic strata in Taishanmiao Profile of Nanzhao Area,which lies at the southeast direction of Ordos Basin.Moreover,sequence stratigraphic and sedimentation theories are also used to divide sedimentary cycles,identify deposition environment and combine with LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U-Pb isotope geochronologic method to discuss material source of Triassic strata in Nanzhao Area. The results show that,the strata can be divided into five sedimentary cycles,including one second order sequence and five third order sequences. These sedimentary cycles match Yanchang Formation in southeast Ordos Basin well,but nine tenths developed in deep-water environment. The age range of detrital zircon from sandstone is mainly from 1 654 ~ 230 Ma and can be roughly divided into four groups: 1 400 ~ 1 600 Ma,640 ~ 1 100 Ma,400 ~ 550 Ma and 200 ~ 334 Ma. A Comparative study of the age structure with peripheral terranes indicate that North Qinling Orogenic Belt offered majority material to Nanzhao Area in Triassic and small amount of Indosinian zircons could be from Indosinian granite in South Qinling Orogenic Belt. But as there are certain amount of Neoproterozoic zircons,it can be sure that North China Craton did not offer materials to research area. Furthermore,sedimentary features and zircon age structures of Nanzhao Area are compared with Yanchang Formation of Jinsuoguan in southeastern Ordos and Triassic strata of Liuyehe Basin in North Qinling. It can be inferred that during Triassic the Ordos Basin could southwardly extend to North Qinling and there existed an uplift belt with Kuanping Group as the main body between south margin of North China Craton and North Qinling Orogenic Belt. The uplift belt westwardly declined from Nanzhao Area and disappeared at Liuyehe Basin. Therefore,the southeastern margin of Ordos Basin can extend to Nanzhao Area in Triassic and the evolution of both is controlled by Qinling Orogenic Belt at the same time.
In order to study the extension range of Southeastern Ordos Basin in Triassic,this paper measured Triassic strata in Taishanmiao Profile of Nanzhao Area,which lies at the southeast direction of Ordos Basin.Moreover,sequence stratigraphic and sedimentation theories are also used to divide sedimentary cycles,identify deposition environment and combine with LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U-Pb isotope geochronologic method to discuss material source of Triassic strata in Nanzhao Area. The results show that,the strata can be divided into five sedimentary cycles,including one second order sequence and five third order sequences. These sedimentary cycles match Yanchang Formation in southeast Ordos Basin well,but nine tenths developed in deep-water environment. The age range of detrital zircon from sandstone is mainly from 1 654 ~ 230 Ma and can be roughly divided into four groups: 1 400 ~ 1 600 Ma,640 ~ 1 100 Ma,400 ~ 550 Ma and 200 ~ 334 Ma. A Comparative study of the age structure with peripheral terranes indicate that North Qinling Orogenic Belt offered majority material to Nanzhao Area in Triassic and small amount of Indosinian zircons could be from Indosinian granite in South Qinling Orogenic Belt. But as there are certain amount of Neoproterozoic zircons,it can be sure that North China Craton did not offer materials to research area. Furthermore,sedimentary features and zircon age structures of Nanzhao Area are compared with Yanchang Formation of Jinsuoguan in southeastern Ordos and Triassic strata of Liuyehe Basin in North Qinling. It can be inferred that during Triassic the Ordos Basin could southwardly extend to North Qinling and there existed an uplift belt with Kuanping Group as the main body between south margin of North China Craton and North Qinling Orogenic Belt. The uplift belt westwardly declined from Nanzhao Area and disappeared at Liuyehe Basin. Therefore,the southeastern margin of Ordos Basin can extend to Nanzhao Area in Triassic and the evolution of both is controlled by Qinling Orogenic Belt at the same time.
引文
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[8]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):617-638.
[9]曹高社,杨启浩,林玉祥,等.河南留山盆地上三叠统沉积粒度分析[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2009,29(3):11-16.
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[11]杨文涛,王敏.河南南召盆地上三叠统太山庙组软沉积物变形构造及其古地理意义[J].古地理学报,2017,19(1):117-128.
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[13]李名则,吴才来,雷敏,等.东秦岭南召地区花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄[J].地质论评,2014,60(2):427-442.
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[15]李文厚,庞军刚,曹红霞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长期沉积体系及岩相古地理演化[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(3):501-506.
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[19]XU Z,LIU L,WANG T,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of lacustrine tight oil reservoirs of the Triassic Yanchang Formation Chang 7 in the Ordos Basin,China[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2017,82:265-296.
[20]邱欣卫,刘池洋,毛光周,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组火山灰沉积物岩石地球化学特征[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2011,36(1):139-150.
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[22]李侃,郭安林,高春云,等.北秦岭柳叶河盆地上三叠统物源区及其与鄂尔多斯盆地的关系——来自碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄的证据[J].地质通报,2015,34(8):1426-1437.
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[24]DONG Y,SANTOSH M.Tectonic architecture and multiple orogeny of the Qinling Orogenic Belt,Central China[J].Gondwana Research,2016,29(1):1-40.
[25]ZHANG G,DONG Y,LAI S,et al.Mianlütectonic zone and Mianlüe suture zone on southern margin of Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt[J].Science in China Ser D,2004,47(4):300-316.
[26]秦江锋.秦岭造山带晚三叠世花岗岩类成因机制及深部动力学背景[D].西安:西北大学,2010.
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