基于离散元法的施肥机排肥性能分析
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摘要
为提高温室设施中施肥机排肥性能,对施肥机运动参数与几何参数的最优组合开展研究,对其排肥量进行研究分析并建立施肥机排肥机构的离散元模型。采用二次回归正交旋转组合试验设计,运用离散元软件EDEM对施肥机排肥性能进行正交虚拟试验,以各行排肥量一致性变异系数、总排肥量稳定性变异系数、施肥断条率作为排肥性能评价指标,对试验结果进行回归分析并应用SPSS软件得到各个试验因素的回归方程,利用Matlab绘制三维等值线图,确定各参数对性能指标的影响规律。对试验因素进行优化计算,得出最优参数组合:当进速度为7.35 km/h,转速为48.76 r/min,槽轮外径为53.28 mm时,各行排肥量一致性变异系数分别为1.08%,总排肥量稳定性变异系数为0.93%,施肥断条率为0.14%。采用台架试验验证仿真结果,证明应用离散元法研究温室设施中施肥机排肥性能的可行性。
In order to improve the performance of fertilizer dispenser in greenhouse facilities, the optimal combination of motion parameters and geometric parameters of fertilizer dispenser was studied, and the fertilizer output was analyzed and the discrete element model of fertilizer dispenser was established. Quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination experiment design was used to carry out orthogonal virtual experiment on fertilizer performance of fertilizer applicator by using discrete element software EDEM. Consistency coefficient of variation of fertilizer output per row, stability coefficient of variation of total fertilizer output and rate of fertilizer broken bars were taken as evaluation indexes of fertilizer performance. The regression equation of each test factor is obtained by SPSS software, and the three-dimensional contour map is drawn by using MATLAB. The influence law of each parameter on the performance index was determined. The optimum parameter combination was obtained by optimizing the experimental factors: when the feed rate was 7.35 km/h, the rotational speed was 48.76 r/min, and the groove wheel diameter was 53.28 mm, the consistency coefficient of variation of fertilizer output was 1.08%, the stability coefficient of variation of total fertilizer output was 0.93%, and the rate of broken bars was 0.14%. The simulation results were validated by bench test, and the feasibility of applying discrete element method to study the performance of fertilizer dispenser in greenhouse facilities was proved.
In order to improve the performance of fertilizer dispenser in greenhouse facilities, the optimal combination of motion parameters and geometric parameters of fertilizer dispenser was studied, and the fertilizer output was analyzed and the discrete element model of fertilizer dispenser was established. Quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination experiment design was used to carry out orthogonal virtual experiment on fertilizer performance of fertilizer applicator by using discrete element software EDEM. Consistency coefficient of variation of fertilizer output per row, stability coefficient of variation of total fertilizer output and rate of fertilizer broken bars were taken as evaluation indexes of fertilizer performance. The regression equation of each test factor is obtained by SPSS software, and the three-dimensional contour map is drawn by using MATLAB. The influence law of each parameter on the performance index was determined. The optimum parameter combination was obtained by optimizing the experimental factors: when the feed rate was 7.35 km/h, the rotational speed was 48.76 r/min, and the groove wheel diameter was 53.28 mm, the consistency coefficient of variation of fertilizer output was 1.08%, the stability coefficient of variation of total fertilizer output was 0.93%, and the rate of broken bars was 0.14%. The simulation results were validated by bench test, and the feasibility of applying discrete element method to study the performance of fertilizer dispenser in greenhouse facilities was proved.
引文
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[13] 方会敏, 姬长英, 张庆怡, 等. 基于离散元法的旋耕刀受力分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(21): 54-59.Fang Huimin, Ji Changying, Zhang Qingyi, et al. Force analysis of rotary blade based on discrete element method [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(21): 54-59.
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[16] 赵吉坤, 黄书君, 邢蕾, 等. 秸秆覆盖下土壤耕作非线性动态过程研究[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2016, 39(4): 696-702.Zhao Jikun, Huang Shujun, Xing Lei, et al. Nonlinear dynamic process soil tillage under straw mulching model [J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2016, 39(4): 696-702.
[17] 邢志中, 李贵荣, 张海东, 等. 基于EDEM的小型立式粉碎机数值模拟与优化研究[J]. 食品工业, 2017(1): 206-209.Xing Zhizhong, Li Guirong, Zhang Haidong, et al. Small vertical disintegrator based on EDEM numerical simulation and optimization research [J]. The Food Industry, 2017(1): 206-209.
[18] 刘彩玲, 黎艳妮, 宋建农, 等. 基于EDEM的离心甩盘撒肥器性能分析与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(14): 32-39.Liu Cailing, Li Yanni, Song Jiannong, et al. Performance analysis and experiment on fertilizer spreader with centrifugal swing disk based on EDEM [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(14): 32-39.
[19] Oschmann T, Schiemann M, Kruggel-Emden H. Development and verification of a resolved 3D inner particle heat transfer model for the Discrete Element Method (DEM) [J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 291(1): 392-407.
[20] 刘双喜, 张宏建, 王金星, 等. 果园开沟施肥机导肥机构的优化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2017, 38(7): 45-53.Liu Shuangxi, Zhang Hongjian, Wang Jinxing, et al. Optimization design of fertilizer-guiding mechanism for orchard ditching and fertilizing machine [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017, 38(7): 45-53.
[2] 俞卫东, 刘永华, 孔德志, 等. 基于PLC的智能灌溉施肥机的研制[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2013, 34(6): 177-179.Yu Weidong, Liu Yonghua, Kong Dezhi, et al. Development of an intelligent fertigation applicator based on PLC [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2013, 34(6): 177-179.
[3] 傅泽田, 董玉红, 张领先, 等. 温室自动施肥机的设计与仿真[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(S1): 335-342.Fu Zetian, Dong Yuhong, Zhang Lingxian, et al. Design and simulation of greenhouse automatic fertilizer applicator [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33 (S1): 335-342.
[4] Benn D I, ?str?m J, Zwinger T, et al. Melt-under-cutting and buoyancy-driven calving from tidewater glaciers: new insights from discrete element and continuum model simulations [J]. Journal of Glaciology, 2017, 63(240): 691-702.
[5] 李磊. 离散元法在农业工程中的研究现状及展望[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2015, 36(5): 345-348.Li Lei.Research progress and prospects of DEM in agricultural engineering application [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2015, 36(5): 345-348.
[6] 汪博涛, 白璐, 丁尚鹏, 等. 外槽轮排肥器关键工作参数对排肥量影响的仿真与试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2017, 38(10): 1-6, 23.Wang Botao, Bai Lu, Ding Shangpeng, et al. Simulation and experimental study on impact of fluted-roller fertilizer key parameters on fertilizer amount [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017, 38(10): 1-6, 23.
[7] 周里群, 许欣, 关汗青, 等. 基于离散元法的沥青混凝土振动切削过程的数值模拟[J]. 机械工程学报, 2017, 53(22): 166-175.Zhou Liqun, Xu Xin, Guan Haiqing, et al. Numerical simulation of vibration cutting process of asphalt concrete based on discrete element method [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 53 (22): 166-175.
[8] 邓佳玉, 胡军, 李庆达, 等. 基于EDEM离散元法的深松铲仿真与试验研究[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2016, 37(4): 14-18.Deng Jiayu, Hu Jun, Li Qingda, et al. Simulation and experimental study on the subsoiler based on EDEM discrete element method [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2016, 37(4): 14-18.
[9] 芦萤萤. 离散元法在玉米脱粒机优化设计中的应用研究[J]. 中国农机化, 2012, 33(3): 93-95, 103.Lu Yingying. Application study on the optimal design of corn thresher discrete element method [J]. Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2012, 33(3): 93-95, 103.
[10] 于佳杨, 卢彩云, 卫如雪, 等. 基于离散元法的小麦精量排种器性能模拟试验[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(8): 225-228.
[11] 郑侃, 何进, 李洪文, 等. 基于离散元深松土壤模型的折线破土刃深松铲研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2016, 47(9): 62-72.Zheng Kan, He Jin, Li Hongwen, et al. Research on polyline soil-breaking blade subsoiler based on subsoiling soil model using discrete element method [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2016, 47 (9): 62-72.
[12] 赵淑红, 刘宏俊, 谭贺文, 等. 仿旗鱼头部曲线型开沟器设计与性能试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(5): 32-39.Zhao Shuhong, Liu Hongjun, Tan Hewen, et al. Design and performance experiment of opener based on bionic sailfish head curve [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(5): 32-39.
[13] 方会敏, 姬长英, 张庆怡, 等. 基于离散元法的旋耕刀受力分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(21): 54-59.Fang Huimin, Ji Changying, Zhang Qingyi, et al. Force analysis of rotary blade based on discrete element method [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(21): 54-59.
[14] 串丽敏, 何萍, 赵同科. 作物推荐施肥方法研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2016, 18(1): 95-102.Chuan Limin, He Ping, Zhao Tongke. Research advance on recommendation for crop fertilization methodology [J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2016, 18 (1): 95-102.
[15] Zhou H, Wu S, Kou M, et al. Analysis of cohesive particle percolation in a packed bed using discrete element method [J]. ISIJ International, 2018, 58(1): 43-51.
[16] 赵吉坤, 黄书君, 邢蕾, 等. 秸秆覆盖下土壤耕作非线性动态过程研究[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2016, 39(4): 696-702.Zhao Jikun, Huang Shujun, Xing Lei, et al. Nonlinear dynamic process soil tillage under straw mulching model [J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2016, 39(4): 696-702.
[17] 邢志中, 李贵荣, 张海东, 等. 基于EDEM的小型立式粉碎机数值模拟与优化研究[J]. 食品工业, 2017(1): 206-209.Xing Zhizhong, Li Guirong, Zhang Haidong, et al. Small vertical disintegrator based on EDEM numerical simulation and optimization research [J]. The Food Industry, 2017(1): 206-209.
[18] 刘彩玲, 黎艳妮, 宋建农, 等. 基于EDEM的离心甩盘撒肥器性能分析与试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(14): 32-39.Liu Cailing, Li Yanni, Song Jiannong, et al. Performance analysis and experiment on fertilizer spreader with centrifugal swing disk based on EDEM [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(14): 32-39.
[19] Oschmann T, Schiemann M, Kruggel-Emden H. Development and verification of a resolved 3D inner particle heat transfer model for the Discrete Element Method (DEM) [J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 291(1): 392-407.
[20] 刘双喜, 张宏建, 王金星, 等. 果园开沟施肥机导肥机构的优化设计[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2017, 38(7): 45-53.Liu Shuangxi, Zhang Hongjian, Wang Jinxing, et al. Optimization design of fertilizer-guiding mechanism for orchard ditching and fertilizing machine [J]. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization, 2017, 38(7): 45-53.