不同产地杜仲生长特性及叶中主要有效成分含量的差异与动态变化
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摘要
为了确定杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides Oliver)叶片的最佳釆收期并筛选出叶中有效成分含量高的杜仲,本研究以不同产地2年生杜仲苗为研究对象,对其各生长特性指标进行了测量,并采用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠比色法和反相高效液相色谱法分别测定了其叶中总黄酮、绿原酸及桃叶珊瑚苷3种主要有效成分的含量。结果表明:河南三门峡地区的杜仲株高、地径、叶面积、周长指标均高于河北保定地区,且各指标差异均显著。随着时间的延长,两个产地杜仲的株高生长整体呈"S"型曲线,且地径生长略滞后于其株高生长。不同产地杜仲叶中桃叶珊瑚苷与总黄酮含量存在显著差异,绿原酸含量差异不显著,并且河北保定地区杜仲叶中3种主要有效成分总值高于河南三门峡地区。河北保定地区杜仲叶中绿原酸和桃叶珊瑚苷含量在7月中旬达到较高,总黄酮含量在8月中旬达到最高。综合3种主要有效成分含量的动态变化趋势可以确定采收期在7月中旬到8月中旬之间较为适宜。
In order to deter mine the best harvest time of Eucommia ulmoides leaf and to screen out the Eucommia ulmoides species with high content of active ingredients in leaves,the 2 yearold Eucommia ulmoides seedlings from different habitats were selected as the research object,and their growth characteristics were measured.The contents of total flavonoids,chlorogenic acid and aucubin in the leaves were deter mined by alu minum nitrate-sodium nitrite colorimetric method and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.The results showed that:The plant height,ground diameter,leaf area,and perimeter of Eucommia ulmoides in the Sanmenxia area of Henan Province were higher than those in Baoding,Hebei,and all indicators were significantly different(P<0.05).With the extension of time,the height growth of Eucommia ulmoides in the two producing areas showed an "S"curve as a whole,and the growth of ground diameter slightly lagged behind its height growth.The contents of aucubin and total flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides leaves from different places had significant differences,and there was no significant difference in chlorogenic acid content.The total effective values of the three effective components in Eucommia ulmoides leaves in Baoding area were higher than those in Sanmenxia area in Henan Province.The content of chlorogenic acid and aucubin in Eucommia ulmoides leaves in Baoding area of Hebei Province reached a high level in the mid-July,and the total flavonoid content reached the highest level in mid-August.According to the dynamic changes in the contents of the three active ingredients,we deter mined that the best harvest period should be from mid-July to mid-August.
In order to deter mine the best harvest time of Eucommia ulmoides leaf and to screen out the Eucommia ulmoides species with high content of active ingredients in leaves,the 2 yearold Eucommia ulmoides seedlings from different habitats were selected as the research object,and their growth characteristics were measured.The contents of total flavonoids,chlorogenic acid and aucubin in the leaves were deter mined by alu minum nitrate-sodium nitrite colorimetric method and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.The results showed that:The plant height,ground diameter,leaf area,and perimeter of Eucommia ulmoides in the Sanmenxia area of Henan Province were higher than those in Baoding,Hebei,and all indicators were significantly different(P<0.05).With the extension of time,the height growth of Eucommia ulmoides in the two producing areas showed an "S"curve as a whole,and the growth of ground diameter slightly lagged behind its height growth.The contents of aucubin and total flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides leaves from different places had significant differences,and there was no significant difference in chlorogenic acid content.The total effective values of the three effective components in Eucommia ulmoides leaves in Baoding area were higher than those in Sanmenxia area in Henan Province.The content of chlorogenic acid and aucubin in Eucommia ulmoides leaves in Baoding area of Hebei Province reached a high level in the mid-July,and the total flavonoid content reached the highest level in mid-August.According to the dynamic changes in the contents of the three active ingredients,we deter mined that the best harvest period should be from mid-July to mid-August.
引文
[1]康向阳.杜仲良种选育研究现状及展望[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(3):1-5.
[2]袁天翊,方莲花,吕扬等.杜仲叶的药理作用研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2013,38(6):782-785.
[3]栾庆祥.杜仲化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(9):153-156.
[4]曹洪斌,申明金,任铜彦,等.杜仲总黄酮提取方法的研究进展[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(8):62-65.
[5]Kawasaki T,Uezono K,Nakazawa Y.Antihypertensive mechanism of food for specified health use:“eucommia leaf glycoside”and its clinical application[J].Journal of Health Science,2000,22:29-36.
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[7]谢远红,谢乐芳.竹叶黄酮的超声波提取及稳定性研究[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2017,32(4):302-307.
[8]苏力德,代那音台,乌恩奇,等.蒙药荠菜总黄酮的提取及其抗炎作用研究[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(1):64-67.
[9]Huang W,Xue A,Niu H.Optimised ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Folium Eucommiae and evalua-tion of antioxidant activity in multi-test systems in vitro[J].Food Chem,2009,114(3):1147.
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[11]田吉,何兵,李春红.HPLC法同时测定杜仲叶中绿原酸和芦丁含量[J].泸州医学院学报,2010,33(5):490-493.
[12]国家药典委员会编.中华人民共和国药典(一部)[S].2005年版.北京:化学工业出版社,2005;114-115.
[13]张康健,白明生,张檀,等.杜仲叶次生代谢物与个体生长发育特性的研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(6):45-51.
[14]李冉,齐芪,李赟,等.HPLC-MS/MS检测杜仲中绿原酸等4种活性成分的分析方法[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(6):123-129.
[15]吕强,彭密军,彭胜,等.不同栽培模式对杜仲叶及枝皮中多种活性成分含量的影响[J].经济林研究,2012,30(1):73-76.
[16]毕俊国,郝文芳,董娟娥,等.陕北黄土丘陵区不同立地条件对杜仲生长及某些生理特性的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2009,18(3):32-37.
[17]刘荣华,唐芳瑞,陈兰英,等.不同产地杜仲叶中5种主要有效成分的含量比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015(18):31-34.
[18]姜晓芳,张翠利,李钦,等.RP-HPLC法测定不同产地杜仲皮中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量[J].河南大学学报:医学版,2011,30(1):14-16.
[19]王太霞,赵红艳,柴志艳,等.杜仲叶生长发育过程中结构和绿原酸含量的变化[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(3):635-636.
[20]周程艳,马红翠,王美,等.不同采收期杜仲叶和果实中总黄酮和多糖含量比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011,17(14):111-114.
[2]袁天翊,方莲花,吕扬等.杜仲叶的药理作用研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2013,38(6):782-785.
[3]栾庆祥.杜仲化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(9):153-156.
[4]曹洪斌,申明金,任铜彦,等.杜仲总黄酮提取方法的研究进展[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(8):62-65.
[5]Kawasaki T,Uezono K,Nakazawa Y.Antihypertensive mechanism of food for specified health use:“eucommia leaf glycoside”and its clinical application[J].Journal of Health Science,2000,22:29-36.
[6]栾庆祥.杜仲化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(9):153-156.
[7]谢远红,谢乐芳.竹叶黄酮的超声波提取及稳定性研究[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2017,32(4):302-307.
[8]苏力德,代那音台,乌恩奇,等.蒙药荠菜总黄酮的提取及其抗炎作用研究[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(1):64-67.
[9]Huang W,Xue A,Niu H.Optimised ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Folium Eucommiae and evalua-tion of antioxidant activity in multi-test systems in vitro[J].Food Chem,2009,114(3):1147.
[10]Nishibe S,Kinoshita H,Takeda H,et a1.Phenoliccompounds from stem bark of Acathopanax senticosus andtheir pharmacological efect in chronic swim ming stressedrats[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1990,38(6):1763-1765.
[11]田吉,何兵,李春红.HPLC法同时测定杜仲叶中绿原酸和芦丁含量[J].泸州医学院学报,2010,33(5):490-493.
[12]国家药典委员会编.中华人民共和国药典(一部)[S].2005年版.北京:化学工业出版社,2005;114-115.
[13]张康健,白明生,张檀,等.杜仲叶次生代谢物与个体生长发育特性的研究[J].林业科学,2001,37(6):45-51.
[14]李冉,齐芪,李赟,等.HPLC-MS/MS检测杜仲中绿原酸等4种活性成分的分析方法[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(6):123-129.
[15]吕强,彭密军,彭胜,等.不同栽培模式对杜仲叶及枝皮中多种活性成分含量的影响[J].经济林研究,2012,30(1):73-76.
[16]毕俊国,郝文芳,董娟娥,等.陕北黄土丘陵区不同立地条件对杜仲生长及某些生理特性的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2009,18(3):32-37.
[17]刘荣华,唐芳瑞,陈兰英,等.不同产地杜仲叶中5种主要有效成分的含量比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015(18):31-34.
[18]姜晓芳,张翠利,李钦,等.RP-HPLC法测定不同产地杜仲皮中桃叶珊瑚苷的含量[J].河南大学学报:医学版,2011,30(1):14-16.
[19]王太霞,赵红艳,柴志艳,等.杜仲叶生长发育过程中结构和绿原酸含量的变化[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(3):635-636.
[20]周程艳,马红翠,王美,等.不同采收期杜仲叶和果实中总黄酮和多糖含量比较[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011,17(14):111-114.