云南哀牢山-红河断裂带南段新生代富碱斑岩岩石成因和地质意义
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摘要
在青藏高原东南缘和扬子克拉通西缘,哀牢山-红河断裂带南段,产出了一些新生代富碱斑岩,本文选择绿春-金平一带的三类斑岩进行了年代学、地球化学和岩石成因研究,试图为研究区的壳幔相互作用和哀牢山-红河断裂带的关联提供新证据。研究区出露的三类富碱斑岩及其锆石U-Pb年龄分别是花岗斑岩(34.36±0.39Ma)、石英二长斑岩(35.48±0.39Ma)和正长斑岩(35.36±0.43Ma)。三类岩石的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分别是-6.4～+2.6、-1.5～+3.6和-3.1～+1.0。三类岩石具有相似的微量元素、稀土元素和同位素特征,具有富集大离子亲石元素、轻重稀土分馏强烈、亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素的特征,具有弱的Eu负异常,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值为0.7067～0.7078,ε_(Nd)(t)为-3.8～-3.7。花岗斑岩和石英二长斑岩都来源于加厚的铁镁质下地壳,但正长斑岩来源于交代富集的岩石圈地幔,源区的富集可能是新元古代和晚古生代大洋俯冲交代导致的,印度与欧亚大陆的持续汇聚导致哀牢山-红河断裂带下部地壳和岩石圈地幔的增厚,在35Ma左右三江地区应力转变引起了岩石圈地幔的拆沉,使得软流圈上涌引起下地壳和岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,然后岩浆沿着地壳裂隙上涌和侵位,形成不同类型的富碱斑岩。
The study area is located in the southern part of the Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone,between the Tibet Plateau and Yangtze craton,where a series of alkali-rich porphyries was intruded in the Cenozoic. The chronology,geochemistry and petrogenesis of three types of porphyry rocks were studied in Luchun-Jinping area,which provided new evidence for the correlation between crustmantle action and Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone. The U-Pb ages of granite porphyries,quartz monazite porphyries and syenite porphyries are 34. 36 ± 0. 39 Ma,35. 48 ± 0. 39 Ma and 35. 36 ± 0. 43 Ma,respectively. The zircon ε_(Hf)( t) in the three samples are-6. 4 ～ + 2. 6,-1. 5 ～ + 3. 6,and-3. 1 ～ + 1. 0,respectively. The three types of rocks have similar characteristics of trace elements,rare earth elements and isotopic. They are enriched in large ionic lithophile elements,strong fractionation between heavy and light rare earth elements,depleted in high field strong elements( such as Nb,Ta and Ti),and weak negative Eu abnormal. The rocks have homogenous Sr isotopes(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr = 0. 7067 ～ 0. 7078) and Nd isotopes( ε_(Nd)( t) =-3. 8 ～-3. 7). Based on the comprehensive analysis of this study and the regional research results in the Ailaoshan-Red River shear,the origin of the Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyries was discussed. The granite porphyries and quartz monzonitic porphyries were from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust,but the syenite porphyries were generated from the enriched lithospheric mantle. The enrichment of source area may be caused by the subduction metasomatism of the Neoproterozoic and late Paleozoic oceans. In western Yunnan,the isotopic homogeneity,such as Sr and Nd isotopes of crust source and mantle source rocks,may be due to the subduction metasomatism of these two oceans. In Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone,the result of India-Eurasia continuous collision caused the lower crust thickening of lithospheric. In Sanjiang region, at about 35 Ma, the delamination of the lithosphere mantle, caused the upwelling of the asthenosphere,and further initiated the partial melting of the lower crust and lithosphere mantle,which caused partial melting of the lower crust and lithospheric mantle,and the magma invaded along crustal fissures to form different types of alkali-rich porphyry.
The study area is located in the southern part of the Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone,between the Tibet Plateau and Yangtze craton,where a series of alkali-rich porphyries was intruded in the Cenozoic. The chronology,geochemistry and petrogenesis of three types of porphyry rocks were studied in Luchun-Jinping area,which provided new evidence for the correlation between crustmantle action and Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone. The U-Pb ages of granite porphyries,quartz monazite porphyries and syenite porphyries are 34. 36 ± 0. 39 Ma,35. 48 ± 0. 39 Ma and 35. 36 ± 0. 43 Ma,respectively. The zircon ε_(Hf)( t) in the three samples are-6. 4 ～ + 2. 6,-1. 5 ～ + 3. 6,and-3. 1 ～ + 1. 0,respectively. The three types of rocks have similar characteristics of trace elements,rare earth elements and isotopic. They are enriched in large ionic lithophile elements,strong fractionation between heavy and light rare earth elements,depleted in high field strong elements( such as Nb,Ta and Ti),and weak negative Eu abnormal. The rocks have homogenous Sr isotopes(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr = 0. 7067 ～ 0. 7078) and Nd isotopes( ε_(Nd)( t) =-3. 8 ～-3. 7). Based on the comprehensive analysis of this study and the regional research results in the Ailaoshan-Red River shear,the origin of the Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyries was discussed. The granite porphyries and quartz monzonitic porphyries were from the partial melting of the thickened lower crust,but the syenite porphyries were generated from the enriched lithospheric mantle. The enrichment of source area may be caused by the subduction metasomatism of the Neoproterozoic and late Paleozoic oceans. In western Yunnan,the isotopic homogeneity,such as Sr and Nd isotopes of crust source and mantle source rocks,may be due to the subduction metasomatism of these two oceans. In Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone,the result of India-Eurasia continuous collision caused the lower crust thickening of lithospheric. In Sanjiang region, at about 35 Ma, the delamination of the lithosphere mantle, caused the upwelling of the asthenosphere,and further initiated the partial melting of the lower crust and lithosphere mantle,which caused partial melting of the lower crust and lithospheric mantle,and the magma invaded along crustal fissures to form different types of alkali-rich porphyry.
引文
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