双超声波干涉偏移法测量流体流速
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摘要
介绍了一种基于两个波源的双超声波干涉偏移法测量流体流速。推导了利用介质流动造成的偏移效应来测量流体速度的近似公式,利用超声波信号干涉的方程揭示出了流体的流速与超声波信号干涉强度之间的关系,并结合计算机模拟和分析了这种关系,获得了曲线的线性近似的适用范围,利用CASSY Lab系统平台对气体流速进行了测量和验证,分析了实验误差。实验证明利用双超声波干涉偏移法测量流体流速的结果与现有的风速仪测量的值基本吻合,平均相对误差为5.5%。
A double ultrasonic interference offset method for measuring fluid velocity based on the two-wave source is introduced,and an approximate formula for measuring fluid velocity based on the offset effect caused by medium flow is derived.The relationship between the velocity of fluid and the interference intensity of ultrasonic signal is revealed by using the equation of interference of ultrasonic signal,and in combination with computer simulation and analysis of the relationship,the scope of the linear approximation of the curve is obtained.The CASSY Lab system platform is used to measure and verify the gas velocity,and the experimental error is analyzed.The experiment shows that the results of measuring fluid velocity by double ultrasonic interference offset method are basically in agreement with those measured by existing anemometers,and the average relative error is 5.47%.
A double ultrasonic interference offset method for measuring fluid velocity based on the two-wave source is introduced,and an approximate formula for measuring fluid velocity based on the offset effect caused by medium flow is derived.The relationship between the velocity of fluid and the interference intensity of ultrasonic signal is revealed by using the equation of interference of ultrasonic signal,and in combination with computer simulation and analysis of the relationship,the scope of the linear approximation of the curve is obtained.The CASSY Lab system platform is used to measure and verify the gas velocity,and the experimental error is analyzed.The experiment shows that the results of measuring fluid velocity by double ultrasonic interference offset method are basically in agreement with those measured by existing anemometers,and the average relative error is 5.47%.
引文
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[15]马剑峰,王丽,马絮飞,等.超声波液位测量装置设计及在实验室的应用[J].实验技术与管理,2012,29(10):74-80.
[2]周天赐,陈水桥.基于超声波干涉的拟合法计算声速及其误差分析[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2011,38(4):400-404.
[3]丁向辉,李平,孟晓辉.高精度超声风速测量系统设计与实现[J].仪表技术与传感器,2011(2):41-44.
[4]罗守南.基于超声多普勒方法的管道流量测量研究[D].北京:清华大学,2004.
[5]黄永峰.时差式超声流量计新测量方法的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2007.
[6]梁国伟,蔡武昌.流量测量技术及仪表[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[7] CRAMER O.The variation of the specific-heat ratio and the speed of sound in air with temperature,pressure,humidity,and CO2concentration[J].J Acoust Soc Am,1993,93(5):2510-2516.
[8] LUBBERS J,GRAAFF R.A simple and accurate formula for the sound velocity in water[J].Ultrasound Med Biol,1998,24(7):1065-1068.
[9] BRASSIER P,HOSTEN B,VULOVIC F.High-frequency transducers and correlation method to enhance ultrasonic gas flow metering[J].Flow Meas Instrum,2001,12(3):201-211.
[10]张正康,周天赐,韩杰克,等.基于超声波干涉的峰谷法计算声速值及实验误差探[J].物理实验,2011,31(4):42-45.
[11]陈水桥,李海洋,陈洪山,等.多元化物理课题实验课程的建设和探讨[J].实验室研究与探索,2011,30(12):118-121.
[12]陈建,孙晓颖,林琳.一种高精度超声波到达时刻的检测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(11):2421-2428.
[13]马立玲,郭坤,王军政.液体超声流量测量中的传播时间精度分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(5):1028-1034.
[14]李卓凡,王小怀.超声多普勒效应实验装置的设计与应用[J].实验技术与管理,2011,28(8):60-63.
[15]马剑峰,王丽,马絮飞,等.超声波液位测量装置设计及在实验室的应用[J].实验技术与管理,2012,29(10):74-80.