利福平对黑腹果蝇种群的影响
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摘要
黑腹果蝇是危害蓝莓果实最严重的害虫之一,成虫将卵产在蓝莓果皮下,卵孵化后以幼虫为害,严重影响蓝莓的鲜销、贮藏及加工。为了探索抗生素利福平对黑腹果蝇种群的影响,以黑腹果蝇为试材,饲喂不同浓度(0.04、0.08、0.16、0.32、0.64、1.28、2.56mg·mL~(-1))的利福平,筛选出适宜浓度(0.64mg·mL~(-1))利福平并对黑腹果蝇F0代和F1代进行深入研究,以期为黑腹果蝇的种群繁殖提供参考依据。结果表明:使用利福平的浓度高于0.64mg·mL~(-1)时,黑腹果蝇产卵量显著(P<0.05)下降,而低浓度的利福平则对黑腹果蝇没有显著影响。在F0代中,利福平处理雌性黑腹果蝇(C0)后,子代雌虫发育历期比对照显著增加(P<0.05),处理雄性黑腹果蝇(B0)后化蛹量较处理雌性(C0)和处理雌雄性黑腹果蝇(D0)均显著增加(P<0.05)。F1代中,处理B1和C1后,化蛹量、羽化量、发育历期和雌性比均显著(P<0.01)变化,在D1处理中,黑腹果蝇产卵量极显著下(P<0.01),从14.47降至1.93,化蛹量和羽化量均急剧降低,不能发育成完整的成虫。结果表明,高于0.64mg·mL~(-1)的利福平能降低黑腹果蝇F1子代的产卵量,使其种群下降。
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster,is one of the most important pests for blueberry.The adults lay their eggs under the peel of blueberry,while the larvae eat the pulp,which has strong impact on sales,storage and processing for blueberry.In order to find out the effect of antibiotic rifampicin on population of Drosophila melanogaster,and provide a reference basis for the population reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster,by means of feeding different concentration of rifampicin at 0.04,0.08,0.16,0.32,0.64,1.28,2.56 mg·mL~(-1),the suitable concentration(0.64 mg·mL~(-1))to F0 and F1 generation of Drosophila melanogaster were screened to further study.The results showed that there was a significant reduction in the amount of spawning when feeding rifampicin above 0.64 mg·mL~(-1)(P<0.05),but no impact below 0.64 mg·mL~(-1).After feeding rifampicin to female fruit fly(C0)in F0 generation,the developmental duration of offspring female worm were significantly higher than control whiteflies(P<0.05),and the amount of pupation of treatment B0(feeding rifampicin to male fruit fly)were significantly higher than treatment C0 and D0(feeding rifampicin to male and female fruit fly)(P<0.05).In F1 generation,there was significant changes in the amount of pupation and feather,the developmental duration and the sex ratio in treatment b1 and C1(P<0.01),and treatment D1 led to significant reduction in the amount of spawning(P<0.01),which from 14.47 down to1.93.They could not grow up to adult because of the dramatic decrease of the amount of pupation and feather.The results showed that the amount of spawning of offspring fruit fly were reduced by the antibiotic rifampicin.
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster,is one of the most important pests for blueberry.The adults lay their eggs under the peel of blueberry,while the larvae eat the pulp,which has strong impact on sales,storage and processing for blueberry.In order to find out the effect of antibiotic rifampicin on population of Drosophila melanogaster,and provide a reference basis for the population reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster,by means of feeding different concentration of rifampicin at 0.04,0.08,0.16,0.32,0.64,1.28,2.56 mg·mL~(-1),the suitable concentration(0.64 mg·mL~(-1))to F0 and F1 generation of Drosophila melanogaster were screened to further study.The results showed that there was a significant reduction in the amount of spawning when feeding rifampicin above 0.64 mg·mL~(-1)(P<0.05),but no impact below 0.64 mg·mL~(-1).After feeding rifampicin to female fruit fly(C0)in F0 generation,the developmental duration of offspring female worm were significantly higher than control whiteflies(P<0.05),and the amount of pupation of treatment B0(feeding rifampicin to male fruit fly)were significantly higher than treatment C0 and D0(feeding rifampicin to male and female fruit fly)(P<0.05).In F1 generation,there was significant changes in the amount of pupation and feather,the developmental duration and the sex ratio in treatment b1 and C1(P<0.01),and treatment D1 led to significant reduction in the amount of spawning(P<0.01),which from 14.47 down to1.93.They could not grow up to adult because of the dramatic decrease of the amount of pupation and feather.The results showed that the amount of spawning of offspring fruit fly were reduced by the antibiotic rifampicin.
引文
[1]聂飞,张玉春.我国蓝莓产业发展的机遇与挑战[J].北方园艺,2014(4):165-170.
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[11]ZHONG Y,LI Z X.Influences of tetracycline on the reproduction of the B biotype of Bemisia tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2013,48:241-246.
[12]胡祖庆,亢菊侠,胡想顺,等.胞内共生菌对麦二叉蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,2012,27(1):23-28.
[13]COSTA H S,HENNEBERRY T J,TOSCANO N C.Effects of antibacterial materials on Bemisia argentifolii(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)oviposition,growth,survival,and sex ratio[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1997,90:333-339.
[14]RUAN Y M,XU J,LIU S S.Effects of antibiotics on fitness of the B biotype and a non·B biotype oftile whitefly Bemisia tabaci[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2006,121:159-166.
[15]薛夏,李绍建,陈驹坚,等.不同生境烟粉虱体内共生菌的检测及其对寄主生物学特性的影响[J].农业科学,2012(2):5-12.
[16]GRENIER S,GOMES S M,PINTUREAU B.Lassabliere E and bolland R use of tetracycline in larval diet to study the effect of Wolbachia on host fecundity and clarify taxonomic status of Trichogrammaspecies in cured bisexual lines[J].J Invertebr Pathol,2002,80(1):13-21.
[17]KONKOU K,PAVLIKAKI H,KILIAS G,et al.Influence of antibiotic treatment and Wolbachia curing on sexual isolation among Drosophila melanogaster cage populations[J].Evolution,2006,60(1):87-96.
[18]苏奇,潘慧鹏,王少丽,等.三种抗生素对B型和Q型烟粉虱内共生菌的去除效果比较研究[J].应用昆虫学报,2012,49(1):190-196.
[19]苗雪霞.黑豆蚜(Aphis craccivra)胞内共生菌的研究[D].上海:中国科学院,2002.
[20]张永华,彭炜,郭迪金,等.阿坝州黑腹果蝇生物生态学研究[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(5):2023-2025.
[21]张紫燕,唐超,黄晓梅,等.蓝莓花青素有效缓解种群拥挤对果蝇的胁迫[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(2):331-339.
[22]周淑香,李玉,张帆.Wolbachia共生对丽蚜小蜂生殖和适合度的影响[J].植物保护学报,2009,36(1):7-10.
[23]吕宁,刘长仲.不同抗生素对豌豆蚜生物学特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(2):208-216.
[24]STOUTHAMER R,MARK F.Influence of antibiotics on the offspring production of the Wolbachia-infected parthenogenetic parasitoid Encarsia formosa[J].Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,2002,80(1):41-45.
[25]刘颖,谢蓉蓉,洪晓月.共生菌Cardinium对朱砂叶螨的生殖调控作用[J].昆虫学报,2010,53(11):1233-1240.
[26]张昌容.烟粉虱应对病原微生物侵染和利福平控制烟粉虱的机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[27]KOGA R,TSUCHIDA T,SAKURAI M,et al.Selective elimination of aphid endosymbionts:Effects of antibiotic dose and host genotype,and fitness consequences[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2007,60:229-239.
[2]李培光.利福平处理对感染Wolbachia的蝇蛹金小蜂适合度的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[3]童蕾蕾,亓兰达,张帆,等.抗生素处理对感染Wolbachia的丽蚜小蜂生殖的影响[J].昆虫学报,2012,55(8):933-940.
[4]STOUTHAMER R,RUSSELL J E,VAVRE F,et al.Intragenomic conflict in populations infected by parthenogenesis inducing Wolbachiaends with irreversible loss of sexual reproduction[J].BMC Evolutionary Biology,2010,10:229.
[5]REUMER B M,VAN ALPHEN J J M,KRAAIJEVELD K.Occasional males in parthenogenetic populations of Asobara japonica(Hymenoptera:Braconidae):Low Wolbachia titer or incomplete coadaptation?[J].Heredity,2012,108:341-346.
[6]HILGENBOEEKER K,HAMMERSTEIN P,SCHLATTMANN R,et al.How many species are infected with Wolbachia?A statistical analysis of current data[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2008,281(2):215-220.
[7]LI Y Y,FLOATE K D,FIELDS P G,et al.Review of treatment methods to remove Wolbachia bacteria from arthropods[J].Symbiosis,2014,35:1-15.
[8]Werren J H,Loehlin D W.Curing Wolbachia infections in Nasonia(parasitoid wasp)[J].Cold Spring Harbor Protocols,2009,75:65-78.
[9]MITTLER T E.Some effects on the aphid Myzus persicae of ingesting antibiotics incorporated into artificial diets[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,1971,17:1333-1347.
[10]NOGGE G,GERRESHEIM A.Experiments on the elimination of symbionts from tsetse fly,Glossina morsitans(Diptera:Glossinidae),by antibiotics and lysozyme[J].Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,1982,40:166-179.
[11]ZHONG Y,LI Z X.Influences of tetracycline on the reproduction of the B biotype of Bemisia tabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2013,48:241-246.
[12]胡祖庆,亢菊侠,胡想顺,等.胞内共生菌对麦二叉蚜生长发育和繁殖的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,2012,27(1):23-28.
[13]COSTA H S,HENNEBERRY T J,TOSCANO N C.Effects of antibacterial materials on Bemisia argentifolii(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)oviposition,growth,survival,and sex ratio[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1997,90:333-339.
[14]RUAN Y M,XU J,LIU S S.Effects of antibiotics on fitness of the B biotype and a non·B biotype oftile whitefly Bemisia tabaci[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2006,121:159-166.
[15]薛夏,李绍建,陈驹坚,等.不同生境烟粉虱体内共生菌的检测及其对寄主生物学特性的影响[J].农业科学,2012(2):5-12.
[16]GRENIER S,GOMES S M,PINTUREAU B.Lassabliere E and bolland R use of tetracycline in larval diet to study the effect of Wolbachia on host fecundity and clarify taxonomic status of Trichogrammaspecies in cured bisexual lines[J].J Invertebr Pathol,2002,80(1):13-21.
[17]KONKOU K,PAVLIKAKI H,KILIAS G,et al.Influence of antibiotic treatment and Wolbachia curing on sexual isolation among Drosophila melanogaster cage populations[J].Evolution,2006,60(1):87-96.
[18]苏奇,潘慧鹏,王少丽,等.三种抗生素对B型和Q型烟粉虱内共生菌的去除效果比较研究[J].应用昆虫学报,2012,49(1):190-196.
[19]苗雪霞.黑豆蚜(Aphis craccivra)胞内共生菌的研究[D].上海:中国科学院,2002.
[20]张永华,彭炜,郭迪金,等.阿坝州黑腹果蝇生物生态学研究[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(5):2023-2025.
[21]张紫燕,唐超,黄晓梅,等.蓝莓花青素有效缓解种群拥挤对果蝇的胁迫[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(2):331-339.
[22]周淑香,李玉,张帆.Wolbachia共生对丽蚜小蜂生殖和适合度的影响[J].植物保护学报,2009,36(1):7-10.
[23]吕宁,刘长仲.不同抗生素对豌豆蚜生物学特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(2):208-216.
[24]STOUTHAMER R,MARK F.Influence of antibiotics on the offspring production of the Wolbachia-infected parthenogenetic parasitoid Encarsia formosa[J].Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,2002,80(1):41-45.
[25]刘颖,谢蓉蓉,洪晓月.共生菌Cardinium对朱砂叶螨的生殖调控作用[J].昆虫学报,2010,53(11):1233-1240.
[26]张昌容.烟粉虱应对病原微生物侵染和利福平控制烟粉虱的机制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[27]KOGA R,TSUCHIDA T,SAKURAI M,et al.Selective elimination of aphid endosymbionts:Effects of antibiotic dose and host genotype,and fitness consequences[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2007,60:229-239.