基质和外源激素对新疆紫草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
为筛选新疆紫草种子萌发的最佳基质及外源激素,研究了不同基质和外源激素浸种对新疆紫草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,不同基质及播种深度对新疆紫草种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响存在显著差异,JZZ4(河沙中部)发芽率最高,为73.333%,发芽指数、活力指数、根长和鲜质量分别为11.329、41.684、3.676 cm和0.094 g,JZS10(河沙+泥炭土上部)次之,发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、根长和鲜质量分别为63.333%、10.645、70.624、6.634 cm和0.084 g;不同外源激素浸种的新疆紫草生长特性存在显著差异,其中矮壮素浸种最好,赤霉素次之,2,4-D最差,且以150 mg/L矮壮素浸种效果最好,发芽率达68.889%,为对照(蒸馏水浸种)的2.583倍,并且具有较高的发芽指数(9.935)、活力指数(41.076)、鲜质量(0.086 g)和根长(4.093 cm)。综上所述,促进新疆紫草种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳基质为河沙,浸种的最佳外源激素为150 mg/L矮壮素。
In order to screen out the best substrate and exogenous hormone for seed pregermination of Arnebia euchroma,the effects of different substrates and exogenous hormones on the germination and seedling growth of Arnebia euchroma were researched.The results showed that the effects of different substrates and depth of sowing on seed germination and seedling growth were different significantly.The germination rate in JZZ4(river sand and the sow location was middle) was highest(73.333%),the germination index,vigor index,root length and fresh weight were 11.329,41.684,3.676 cm and 0.094 g,respectively,and then was JZS10(river sand with peat soil and sow location was upside),the germination rate,germination index,vigor index,root length and fresh weight were 63.333%,10.645,70.624,6.634 cm and 0.084 g,respectively.The effects of different exogenous hormone soaking seed on the growth characteristics of Arnebia euchroma were different significantly.Among them,chlormequat soaking was the best,followed by gibberellin,and 2,4-D was the worst.The treatments with 150 mg/L chlormequat soaking had the best effect and the germination rate was 68.889%,which was 2.583 times compared with the control,and had higher germination index(9.935),vigor index(41.076),root length(4.093 cm) and fresh weight(0.086 g).In summary,the best substrates for improving seed germination rate and seedling growth of Arnebia euchroma were river sand,and the best exogenous hormone was 150 mg/L chlormequat.
In order to screen out the best substrate and exogenous hormone for seed pregermination of Arnebia euchroma,the effects of different substrates and exogenous hormones on the germination and seedling growth of Arnebia euchroma were researched.The results showed that the effects of different substrates and depth of sowing on seed germination and seedling growth were different significantly.The germination rate in JZZ4(river sand and the sow location was middle) was highest(73.333%),the germination index,vigor index,root length and fresh weight were 11.329,41.684,3.676 cm and 0.094 g,respectively,and then was JZS10(river sand with peat soil and sow location was upside),the germination rate,germination index,vigor index,root length and fresh weight were 63.333%,10.645,70.624,6.634 cm and 0.084 g,respectively.The effects of different exogenous hormone soaking seed on the growth characteristics of Arnebia euchroma were different significantly.Among them,chlormequat soaking was the best,followed by gibberellin,and 2,4-D was the worst.The treatments with 150 mg/L chlormequat soaking had the best effect and the germination rate was 68.889%,which was 2.583 times compared with the control,and had higher germination index(9.935),vigor index(41.076),root length(4.093 cm) and fresh weight(0.086 g).In summary,the best substrates for improving seed germination rate and seedling growth of Arnebia euchroma were river sand,and the best exogenous hormone was 150 mg/L chlormequat.
引文
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[16] 王思思,蔡捡,刘金平,等.基质和遮阴对结缕草冷季生长幼苗构件及生物量分配的影响[J].草地学报,2016,24(6):1296-1303.
[17] 孙军利,章智钧,张坤,等.不同配方基质的理化性质及其对草莓生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):118-121,128.
[18] 曹静,朱传军,周岚,等.牛粪和绿化废弃物堆肥替代泥炭作为栽培基质对刺槐生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(2):100-104.
[19] 赵婧,仪泽会,毛丽萍.番茄穴盘育苗基质筛选试验[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(11):1878-1881.
[20] 许晶,李素玲,刘晶,等.猴头菇不同基质配方的比较试验[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1288-1290.
[21] 于志民,涂淑萍,邓光华,等.不同配比基质对猴樟容器苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(12):2218-2222.
[22] 刘丽珠,卢信,范如芹,等.保水剂垫料栽培基质对番茄生理指标及产量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1242-1248.
[23] 舒枭,杨志玲,段红平,等.濒危植物厚朴种子萌发特性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(4):419-422.
[24] 李振华,王建华.种子活力与萌发的生理与分子机制研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(4):646-660.
[25] 汤贺,宁伟,芦晓磊,等.低温层积过程中激素处理对北五味子种子贮藏物质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008(6):92-94.
[26] 田景,金华,姜志海,等.植物生长调节剂及氮素处理对拟巫山淫羊藿采后再萌发的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(11):2236-2241.
[27] 黄权军,徐佳峰.2种植物激素对黄姜种子萌发的影响[J].河南农业科学,2007(4):94-96.
[28] 马新,姜继元,董鹏,等.不同植物生长调节剂处理对文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(4):104-107.
[29] 苏贺,王月,杨阳,等.氟啶酮、赤霉素和发芽温度对巫山淫羊藿种子休眠解除的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(14):2625-2632.
[2] 余风华,高婷婷,张之慧,等.新疆紫草不同部位不同溶剂提取物体外抑菌效果的研究[J].食品科技,2014,39(2):202-204.
[3] 买尔旦·马合木提,刘燕,尼加提·热合木.新疆紫草提取物对D-氨基半乳糖致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国中药杂志,2006(19):1646-1649.
[4] 祁英,刘玉梅.新疆紫草不同极性部位的抗氧化活性研究[J].中国现代应用药学,2013,30(8):850-856.
[5] LU L,QIN A P,HUANG H B,et al.Shikonin extracted from medicinal Chinese herbs exerts anti-inflammatory effect via proteasome inhibition[J].Eur J Pharmacol,2011,658(2/3):242-247.
[6] 买尔旦·马合木提,贺金华,古丽仙·胡加.新疆软紫草提取物抗HIV-1体外活性研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2009,32(4):374-377.
[7] CICIARELLO M,MANGIACASALE R,CASENGHI M,et al.p53 displacement from centrosomes and p53-mediate G1 arrest following transient inhibition of the mitotic spindle[J].J Biol Chem,2001,276(22):19205-19213.
[8] 王升,李璇,周良云,等.新疆紫草繁育生物学及人工栽培[J].中国现代中药,2011,13(11):18-22,56.
[9] 冯建菊,谭敦炎.紫草类药材的生物学特性及人工繁殖研究现状[C]//中国植物学会.第二届中国甘草学术研讨会暨第二届新疆植物资源开发、利用与保护学术研讨会论文摘要集.石河子:中国植物学会,2004.
[10] 詹志来,胡峻,刘谈,等.紫草化学成分与药理活性研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(21):4127-4135.
[11] FAN H Y,YANG M Y,CHE X,et al.Activity study of a hydroxynaphthoquinone fraction from Arnebia euchroma in experimental arthritis[J].Fitoterapia,2012,83(7):1226-1237.
[12] 董薇薇,张建民.紫草的临床应用研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(24):368-371.
[13] 严海燕,曹日强.紫草愈伤组织培养中紫草素形成的影响因素[J].华北农学报,2002,17(2):116-120.
[14] 龚德洲,林杰,李翠芳,等.新疆紫草种子萌发过程中生理生化变化[J].新疆农业大学学报,2009,32(6):8-11.
[15] 庞克坚,王玉春,王晓东.新疆紫草种子包衣育苗技术研究[J].中草药,2005(11):1713-1715.
[16] 王思思,蔡捡,刘金平,等.基质和遮阴对结缕草冷季生长幼苗构件及生物量分配的影响[J].草地学报,2016,24(6):1296-1303.
[17] 孙军利,章智钧,张坤,等.不同配方基质的理化性质及其对草莓生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):118-121,128.
[18] 曹静,朱传军,周岚,等.牛粪和绿化废弃物堆肥替代泥炭作为栽培基质对刺槐生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(2):100-104.
[19] 赵婧,仪泽会,毛丽萍.番茄穴盘育苗基质筛选试验[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(11):1878-1881.
[20] 许晶,李素玲,刘晶,等.猴头菇不同基质配方的比较试验[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(8):1288-1290.
[21] 于志民,涂淑萍,邓光华,等.不同配比基质对猴樟容器苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(12):2218-2222.
[22] 刘丽珠,卢信,范如芹,等.保水剂垫料栽培基质对番茄生理指标及产量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1242-1248.
[23] 舒枭,杨志玲,段红平,等.濒危植物厚朴种子萌发特性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(4):419-422.
[24] 李振华,王建华.种子活力与萌发的生理与分子机制研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(4):646-660.
[25] 汤贺,宁伟,芦晓磊,等.低温层积过程中激素处理对北五味子种子贮藏物质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008(6):92-94.
[26] 田景,金华,姜志海,等.植物生长调节剂及氮素处理对拟巫山淫羊藿采后再萌发的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(11):2236-2241.
[27] 黄权军,徐佳峰.2种植物激素对黄姜种子萌发的影响[J].河南农业科学,2007(4):94-96.
[28] 马新,姜继元,董鹏,等.不同植物生长调节剂处理对文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(4):104-107.
[29] 苏贺,王月,杨阳,等.氟啶酮、赤霉素和发芽温度对巫山淫羊藿种子休眠解除的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2016,41(14):2625-2632.
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