学龄前儿童睡床方式与睡眠质量的关系研究
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摘要
目的了解学龄前儿童睡床方式与睡眠质量的关系,为提高其睡眠质量提供理论参考。方法 2017年3月-2018年2月以珠三角地区139名4～6岁儿童为研究对象,采用自编的基本情况调查表了解儿童的睡床方式(即与家人同床、与家人同房不同床及单独睡眠),采用儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ,分值越高表示存在睡眠问题越严重)调查其睡眠质量,采用χ~2检验、方差分析及多因素回归进行数据统计分析。结果和与家人同床睡眠的儿童比,与家人同房不同床睡眠的儿童(β=-3.23)就寝习惯问题得分低,单独睡眠的儿童(β=-2.06)就寝习惯问题得分低,单独睡眠的儿童睡眠持续时间问题(β=0.98)得分高,夜醒(β=0.51)问题得分高,而睡眠焦虑(β=-1.20)问题得分低。以实际计算的夜间及日间平均睡眠时间为结局,与家人同房不同床、单独睡眠的儿童和与家人同床睡眠的儿童比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论和与家人同床睡眠的儿童比,单独睡眠的儿童就寝习惯及睡眠焦虑问题更少,但增加其睡眠持续时间及夜醒问题,而与家人同房不同床睡眠的儿童就寝习惯问题更少。
Objective To examine the association between sleep arrangements and sleep quality in preschool children,in order to provide scientific evidence to guide parenting practices of child sleep arrangement. Methods Totally 139 chil-dren aged 4-6 years were enrolled in this study from March 2017 to February 2018.The self-designed questionnaire andthe Children′s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)were used to measure the sleep quality.Chi-square test,one-way ANO-VA and multiple linear regression models were used to examine whether sleep quality was affected by sleep arrangement.Results Compared with children who slept in the same bed with their family members,children who slept in the same roomwith their family members but in a different bed(β=-3.23)and slept alone(β=-2.06)had lower bedtime resistance.Children who slept alone had more problems with sleep duration(β=0.98)and night waking(β=0.51),but less sleep anxi-ety(β=-1.20)than children who slept in the same bed with their family members.In addition,children who slept in thesame room with their family but in different beds and slept alone had similar night and day sleeping durations with childrenwho slept with their family members. Conclusions Compared with children who slept with their family members,childrenwho slept alone have lower bedtime resistance and sleep anxiety,but have more problems with sleep duration and night waking.Children who slept with their family members but in different bed have lower bedtime resistance.
Objective To examine the association between sleep arrangements and sleep quality in preschool children,in order to provide scientific evidence to guide parenting practices of child sleep arrangement. Methods Totally 139 chil-dren aged 4-6 years were enrolled in this study from March 2017 to February 2018.The self-designed questionnaire andthe Children′s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)were used to measure the sleep quality.Chi-square test,one-way ANO-VA and multiple linear regression models were used to examine whether sleep quality was affected by sleep arrangement.Results Compared with children who slept in the same bed with their family members,children who slept in the same roomwith their family members but in a different bed(β=-3.23)and slept alone(β=-2.06)had lower bedtime resistance.Children who slept alone had more problems with sleep duration(β=0.98)and night waking(β=0.51),but less sleep anxi-ety(β=-1.20)than children who slept in the same bed with their family members.In addition,children who slept in thesame room with their family but in different beds and slept alone had similar night and day sleeping durations with childrenwho slept with their family members. Conclusions Compared with children who slept with their family members,childrenwho slept alone have lower bedtime resistance and sleep anxiety,but have more problems with sleep duration and night waking.Children who slept with their family members but in different bed have lower bedtime resistance.
引文
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[2]王惠珊,黄小娜,蒋竞雄,等.中国城市0~5岁儿童睡床习惯的研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2008,16(4):420-422.
[3]Liu X,Liu L,Wang R.Bed sharing,sleep habits,and sleep problems among Chinese school-aged children[J].Sleep,2003,26(7):839-844.
[4]岳立文,曲红明,祝丽珺,等.南京市学龄前儿童睡床方式现状及其影响因素研究[J].东南国防医药,2018,20(2):122-125.
[5]Li SH,Jin XM,Yan CH,et al.Bed-and room-sharing in Chinese school-aged children:prevalence and association with sleep behaviors[J].Sleep Medicine,2008,9(5):555-563.
[6]叶新华,陈虹,席莉华,等.兰州市2~7岁儿童睡眠状况及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2013,29(1):100-103.
[7]Bette Zhang,张洁.儿童睡眠及相关因素研究进展[J].世界睡眠医学杂志,2016,3(5):286-291.
[8]Jiang YR,Chen WJ,Spruyt K,et al.Bed-sharing and related factors in early adolescents[J].Sleep Medicine,2016,17(1):75-80.
[9]贺赞群,邓冰,孙袁,等.贵阳市城区0~5岁儿童睡眠习惯的研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2013,28(21):3479-3481.
[10]李生慧,金星明,沈晓明,等.儿童睡眠习惯问卷中文版制定及测量性能考核[J].中华儿科杂志,2007,58(3):176-180.
[11]歧晓红,曲成毅.学龄前儿童神经心理发育研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2007,22(9):1269-1273.
[12]Oskar G,Heidi ZF,Ivo I,et al.A longitudinal study of bed sharing and sleep problems among swiss children in the first10years of life[J].Pediatrics,2005,115(1):233-240.
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