不同小翼对风力机气动性能影响的数值分析
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摘要
对安装平板小翼和融合小翼后的风力机气动特性和流场分布进行了研究,探究不同小翼对额定工况下风力机总功率、叶片表面压力和叶尖流场分布的影响。结果表明:在叶尖增加小翼可提高风力机总功率,融合小翼具有较好的气动特性,其总功率比无小翼时提高了10.61%;小翼的存在使叶尖吸力面压力降低,叶片表面压差增大,与平板小翼相比,融合小翼叶片表面压差更大;小翼削弱了叶尖绕流强度,使局部诱导速度减小,气动攻角增大,并使叶尖涡的涡核位置远离叶片主体,有效减小了叶尖涡产生的不利影响。
A study was conducted on the aerodynamic characteristics and flow field distribution of a wind turbine with plane or fusion winglets, so as to analyze the effects of different winglets on the power of the wind turbine under rated conditions, the surface pressure of the blade and the flow field distribution in the tip region, etc. Numerical simulation results show that the power of a wind turbine could be increased by adding tip winglets. The wind turbine with fusion winglets has better aerodynamic characteristics, and its power could be increased by 10.61%, compared with that without winglets. The presence of tip winglet reduces the pressure on suction surface of blade in tip region and increases the pressure differential on blade surface. Fusion winglet produces larger pressure difference on blade surface, compared with plane winglet. In addition, the tip winglet could weaken the flow intensity of tip vortex, reduce the local induction velocity, improve the aerodynamic angle of attack, and makes the core position of tip vortex move to the place far away from the blade, which therefore reduces the adverse effect of the tip vortex.
A study was conducted on the aerodynamic characteristics and flow field distribution of a wind turbine with plane or fusion winglets, so as to analyze the effects of different winglets on the power of the wind turbine under rated conditions, the surface pressure of the blade and the flow field distribution in the tip region, etc. Numerical simulation results show that the power of a wind turbine could be increased by adding tip winglets. The wind turbine with fusion winglets has better aerodynamic characteristics, and its power could be increased by 10.61%, compared with that without winglets. The presence of tip winglet reduces the pressure on suction surface of blade in tip region and increases the pressure differential on blade surface. Fusion winglet produces larger pressure difference on blade surface, compared with plane winglet. In addition, the tip winglet could weaken the flow intensity of tip vortex, reduce the local induction velocity, improve the aerodynamic angle of attack, and makes the core position of tip vortex move to the place far away from the blade, which therefore reduces the adverse effect of the tip vortex.
引文
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[9] 张立茹,汪建文,曲立群,等.风力机叶尖有无小翼三维流场的数值研究[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(11):1599-1604.ZHANG Liru,WANG Jianwen,QU Liqun,et al.A three-dimensional numerical simulation on flow field of wind turbine with and without tip vane[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2011,32(11):1599-1604.
[10] 杨从新,李寿图,王秀勇.不同小翼对H型垂直轴风力机叶片压力分布的影响[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(11):2810-2815.YANG Congxin,LI Shoutu,WANG Xiuyong.Influence of blade pressure distribution for installed differert tip vanes H type VAWT[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(11):2810-2815.
[11] 钟伟,王同光.风力机叶尖涡的数值模拟[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2011,43(5):640-644.ZHONG Wei,WANG Tongguang.Numerical analysis of the wind turbine blade-tip vortex[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,2011,43(5):640-644.
[2] 隽智辉,王军,唐俊,等.叶尖小翼安装位置对轴流风机性能的影响[J].动力工程学报,2018,38(3):221-225.JUAN Zhihui,WANG Jun,TANG Jun,et al.Effect of tip end-plate installation position on the aerodynamic performance of an axial flow fan[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2018,38(3):221-225.
[3] ALI A,CHOWDHURY H,LOGANATHAN B,et al.An aerodynamic study of a domestic scale horizontal axis wind turbine with varied tip configurations[J].Procedia Engineering,2015,105:757-762.
[4] TOBIN N,HAMED A M,CHAMORRO L P.An experimental study on the effects of winglets on the wake and performance of a model wind turbine[J].Energies,2015,8(10):11955-11972.
[5] NATHAN K R,THANIGAIARASU S.Effect of different end plates on blade aerodynamic performance and blade loading of VAWT with symmetric airfoil blades[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Green Energy and Applications.Singapore:IEEE,2017.
[6] NOBARI M R H,MIRZAEE E,NOSRATOLLAHI M.Improvement of wind turbine performance using a novel tip plate structure[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2016,123:592-609.
[7] ZHU Bing,SUN Xiaojing,WANG Ying,et al.Performance characteristics of a horizontal axis turbine with fusion winglet[J].Energy,2017,120:431-440.
[8] 沈昕,陈进格,刘鹏寅,等.小翼对风力机气动性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2014,35(2):183-189.SHEN Xin,CHEN Jin'ge,LIU Pengyin,et al.Effect of winglets on aerodynamic performance of wind turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2014,35(2):183-189.
[9] 张立茹,汪建文,曲立群,等.风力机叶尖有无小翼三维流场的数值研究[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(11):1599-1604.ZHANG Liru,WANG Jianwen,QU Liqun,et al.A three-dimensional numerical simulation on flow field of wind turbine with and without tip vane[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2011,32(11):1599-1604.
[10] 杨从新,李寿图,王秀勇.不同小翼对H型垂直轴风力机叶片压力分布的影响[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(11):2810-2815.YANG Congxin,LI Shoutu,WANG Xiuyong.Influence of blade pressure distribution for installed differert tip vanes H type VAWT[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(11):2810-2815.
[11] 钟伟,王同光.风力机叶尖涡的数值模拟[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2011,43(5):640-644.ZHONG Wei,WANG Tongguang.Numerical analysis of the wind turbine blade-tip vortex[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,2011,43(5):640-644.
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