酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统中沟组源储一体成藏条件
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摘要
应用岩石热解、有机碳、有机岩石学等烃源岩地球化学分析资料,对营尔凹陷下白垩统中沟组烃源岩特征进行研究,发现烃源岩有机碳含量高,平均值达1.51%,有机质类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1型为主,镜质体反射率(Ro)分布在0.5%~1.04%之间,并结合沉积相、地层厚度,分析烃源岩平面展布特征,平面分布范围广,厚度最大达1 200 m;利用铸体薄片、常规压汞等岩心分析资料对储层特征进行研究,储集空间类型原生孔隙、次生孔隙均有发育,储集物性偏差,孔隙度平均值7.42%,渗透率平均值0.75 m D;应用饱和烃气相色谱、色谱质谱等实验分析数据,对烃源岩、原油的生物标志物特征进行分析,明确油气来源,认为原油来自本身烃源岩。研究表明:烃源岩品质好,有机质丰度高,有机质类型偏腐泥型,热演化程度处于低熟-成熟阶段,主要以生油为主,厚度中心分布在南、北2次凹;储层以扇三角洲砂岩和湖相碳酸盐岩为主,碳酸盐岩分布在酒参1-营参1井一带,物性属于致密-低孔低渗型,储集空间类型以次生孔隙为主;油气分布在碳酸盐岩发育段,具备源储一体的成藏特征。
Using the source rock geochemistry analysis data of rock pyrolysis,organic carbon and organic petrology hydrocarbon,studied the source rocks characteristics of Zhonggou Formation in the Lower Cretaceous Ying'er Sag,and found that the organic carbon content of the source rock is higher,the average reaches 1. 51%,the organic matter type is given priority to with Ⅰ and Ⅱ1,and the reflectance( Ro) of vitrinite is distributed between 0. 5% and 1. 04%. The conventional mercury injection was used to study the reservoir characteristics,found that the space types of the reservoir developed the primary pore and the secondary pore with characteristics of the plane distribution of the source rocks,the source rock is thick and widespread in the area,with maximum thickness of 1 200 m. Adpoting the casting thin sections reservoir physical property deviation,the average of the porosity is 7. 42%,the average permeability is 0. 75 m D. Finally,the data of saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography andchromatographic mass spectrometry were applied to study the biomarker characteristics of the source rocks and crude oil,to determine source of oil and gas,crude oil was from the autogenic resource rock.It demonstrates that the quality of source rocks is good,the organic matter abundance is high,the type of organic matter type is bias the sapropel type,the degree of thermal evolution stands in the stage of lower mature-mature,mainly based on raw oil,the thickness center is located in south and north"twice". The reservoir lithology is based on the fan delta sandstone and lake carbonate rocks,the carbonate rocks are only distributed in the area of Jiucan 1-Yingcan 1. The reservoir physical property belongs to the type of tight-lower pore-lower permeability. The type of reservoir space is mainly secondary porosity. Oil and gas layer is focused on the section of the carbonate rocks development with the accumulation characteristics of source-reservoir integration.
Using the source rock geochemistry analysis data of rock pyrolysis,organic carbon and organic petrology hydrocarbon,studied the source rocks characteristics of Zhonggou Formation in the Lower Cretaceous Ying'er Sag,and found that the organic carbon content of the source rock is higher,the average reaches 1. 51%,the organic matter type is given priority to with Ⅰ and Ⅱ1,and the reflectance( Ro) of vitrinite is distributed between 0. 5% and 1. 04%. The conventional mercury injection was used to study the reservoir characteristics,found that the space types of the reservoir developed the primary pore and the secondary pore with characteristics of the plane distribution of the source rocks,the source rock is thick and widespread in the area,with maximum thickness of 1 200 m. Adpoting the casting thin sections reservoir physical property deviation,the average of the porosity is 7. 42%,the average permeability is 0. 75 m D. Finally,the data of saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography andchromatographic mass spectrometry were applied to study the biomarker characteristics of the source rocks and crude oil,to determine source of oil and gas,crude oil was from the autogenic resource rock.It demonstrates that the quality of source rocks is good,the organic matter abundance is high,the type of organic matter type is bias the sapropel type,the degree of thermal evolution stands in the stage of lower mature-mature,mainly based on raw oil,the thickness center is located in south and north"twice". The reservoir lithology is based on the fan delta sandstone and lake carbonate rocks,the carbonate rocks are only distributed in the area of Jiucan 1-Yingcan 1. The reservoir physical property belongs to the type of tight-lower pore-lower permeability. The type of reservoir space is mainly secondary porosity. Oil and gas layer is focused on the section of the carbonate rocks development with the accumulation characteristics of source-reservoir integration.
引文
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[9]娄占伟,潘良云,刘宏伟,等.甘肃酒泉盆地营尔凹陷层序地层特征与岩性勘探目标[J].现代地质,2005,19(4):563-569.LOU Zhan-wei,PAN Liang-yun,LIU Hong-wei,et al.The characteristics of sequence stratigraphy and lithological exploration target in Ying'er Depression of Jiuquan Basin,Gansu Province[J].Geoscience,2005,19(4):563-569.
[10]周一博,柳广弟,刘庆顺,等.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷异常高压形成机理[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(4):44ZHOU Yi-bo,LIU Guang-di,LIU Qing-shun,et al.Overpressure-generating mechanisms in Ying'er Sag,Jiuquan Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2012,31(4):44-49.
[11]周一博,柳广弟,钟佳倚,等.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统异常高压成因及模拟[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(6):2402-2409.ZHOU Yi-bo,LIU Guang-di,ZHONG Jia-yi,et al.Origin and modeling of overpressure in Lower Cretaceous of Ying'er Sag,Jiuquan Basin,Northwest China[J].Journal of Central South University:Natural Science Edition,2013,44(6):2402-2409.
[12]庄新兵,邹华耀,李楠,等.秦南凹陷烃源岩特征及油气勘探新领域[J].断块油气田,2011,18(2):146-149.ZHUANG Xin-bing,ZOU Hua-yao,LI Nan,et al.Characteristics of source rock and new region of oil and gas exploration in Qinnan Sag[J].Foult-block Oil and Gas Gield,2011,18(2):146-149.
[13]Tissot Welte.Petroleum formation and occurrence-a new approach to oil exploration[M].London:Elsevier Appliced Science Publishers Ltd.,1978.
[14]Durand.Kerogen-insoluble organic matter from sedimentary rocks[M].Paris:Editions Technip,1980.
[15]涂建琪,王淑芝,费轩冬,等.干酪根有机质类型划分的若干问题讨论[J],石油实验地质,1998,20(2):185-191.TU Jian-qi,WANG Shu-zhi,FEI Xuan-dong,et al.Discussion on certain problems to the division of organic matter types in kerogen[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1998,20(2):185-191.
[16]张翔宇.陆相烃源岩的地球化学评价标准之有机质类型简析[J].化工管理,2014(10):64.ZHANG Xiang-yu.Continental hydrocarbon source rocks of organic matter type analysis of geochemical evaluation standard[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2014(10):64.
[17]李鑫.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系烃源岩评价[J].西安科技大学学报,2015,35(1):56-62.LI Xin.Evaluation to ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks in the southeast of the Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2015,35(1):56-62.
[18]任战利,刘池阳,张小会,等.酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):619-623.REN Zhan-li,LIU Chi-yang,ZHANG Xiao-hui,et al.Research on the relations between geothermal history and oil-gas generation in Jiudong Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):619-623.
[19]赵俊峰,刘池洋,何争光,等.南华北地区主要层系热演化特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(2):101-107,114.ZHAO Jun-feng,LIU Chi-yang,HE Zheng-guang,et al.Thermal evolution degree and its hydrocarbon geological implications of the main strata series in the southern north China Craton[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2010,32(2):101-107,114.
[20]蒋有录,卓勤功,谈玉明,等.富油凹陷不同洼陷烃源岩的热演化及生烃特征差异性[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(5):500-505.JIANG You-lu,ZHAO Qin-gong,TAN Yu-ming,et al.Diversity in the thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation of source socks in different sub-depressions[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2009,31(5):500-505.
[21]Buchardt B,Lewan M D.Reflectance of vitrinite-like macerals as a thermal maturity index for cambrian-ordovician alun shale,southern scandinavia[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1990,74(4):394-406.
[22]胡作维,黄思静,马永坤,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长2油层组储层孔隙结构特征[J].断块油气田,2012,19(5):588-591.HU Zuo-wei,HUANG Si-jing,MA Yong-kun,et al.Characteristics of reservoir pore structure in Chang 2 oilbearing bed in Jiyuan Area,Ordos Basin[J].FoultBlock Oil and Gas Field,2012,19(5):588-591.
[23]梅华平,陈玉良,龚福华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系下乌尔禾组储层控制因素分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2014,34(4):420-425.MEI Hua-ping,CHEN Yu-liang,GONG Fu-hua,et al.Analysis of reservoir control factors for Xiawuerhe Formation of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2014,34(4):420-425.
[24]古娜,程文博,朱莎,等.碎屑岩储层类型划分依据及现行分类方案综述[J].开发应用,2012,6(10):1671-6396.GU Na,CHENG Wen-bo,ZHU Sha,et al.Clastic rock reservoir classification based on classification and the current scheme[J].Development and Application,2012,6(10):1671-6396.
[25]卢鸿,冯小杰.油源对比常规方法的使用误区[J].西安工程学院学报,2000,22(2):56-59.LU Hong,FENG Xiao-jie.The use of oil source compared to conventional methods[J].Journal of Xi'an University Engineering,2000,22(2):56-59.
[2]韩永科,胡英,王崇孝,等.酒泉盆地两个富油凹陷的区别与勘探潜力[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(6):691-693.HAN Yong-ke,HU Ying,WANG Chong-xiao,et al.The difference between two oil-rich sag and its exploration potential[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2007,28(6):691-693.
[3]李文厚,赵文智.酒东盆地营尔凹陷的扇三角洲[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(4):300-304.LI Wen-hou,ZHAO Wen-zhi.Fan-delta in Ying'er Depression Jiudong Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1997,18(4):300-304.
[4]赵鹏,陈世加,李丽萍,等.酒东盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统油源对比[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(2):192-195.ZHAO Peng,CHEN Shi-jia,LI Li-ping,et al.Down cretaceous oil sources comparative study of Ying'er Depression in Jiudong Basin[J].Natural Gas Geosciences,2006,17(2):192-195.
[5]潘良云,谢结来,李明杰,等.酒泉盆地白垩纪-新生代区域构造演化与油气勘探[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):62-69.PAN Liang-yun,XIE Jie-lai,LI Ming-jie,et al.Cretaceous-Cenozonic regional tectonic evolution in Jiuquan Basin and petroleum exploration[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2006,27(1):62-69.
[6]陈建平,黄第藩.酒东盆地营尔凹陷油气生成与运移聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(6):1-7.CHEN Jian-ping,HUANG Di-pan.Petroleum generation migration and accumulation in Ying'er Depression,the eastern Jiuquan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1995,22(6):1-7.
[7]潘良云,张宏伟,孙学栋,等.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷金佛寺逆冲推覆带速度分析及掩伏构造形态研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):467-472.PAN Liang-yun,ZHANG Hong-wei,SUN Xue-dong,et al.Analysis of velocity in Jinfusi overthrust nappe of Ying'er Sag of Jiuquan Basin and study on buried structural feature[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(4):467-472.
[8]侯秀林,谷丽冰.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统层序地层划分及沉积体系特征[J].现代地质,2009,25(5):809-815.HOU Xiu-lin,GU Li-bing.Stratigraphic sequence division and the characteristics of sedimentary system of Lower Cretaceous in Ying'er Depression,Jiuquan Basin[J].Geoscience,2009,25(5):809-815.
[9]娄占伟,潘良云,刘宏伟,等.甘肃酒泉盆地营尔凹陷层序地层特征与岩性勘探目标[J].现代地质,2005,19(4):563-569.LOU Zhan-wei,PAN Liang-yun,LIU Hong-wei,et al.The characteristics of sequence stratigraphy and lithological exploration target in Ying'er Depression of Jiuquan Basin,Gansu Province[J].Geoscience,2005,19(4):563-569.
[10]周一博,柳广弟,刘庆顺,等.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷异常高压形成机理[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(4):44ZHOU Yi-bo,LIU Guang-di,LIU Qing-shun,et al.Overpressure-generating mechanisms in Ying'er Sag,Jiuquan Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2012,31(4):44-49.
[11]周一博,柳广弟,钟佳倚,等.酒泉盆地营尔凹陷下白垩统异常高压成因及模拟[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(6):2402-2409.ZHOU Yi-bo,LIU Guang-di,ZHONG Jia-yi,et al.Origin and modeling of overpressure in Lower Cretaceous of Ying'er Sag,Jiuquan Basin,Northwest China[J].Journal of Central South University:Natural Science Edition,2013,44(6):2402-2409.
[12]庄新兵,邹华耀,李楠,等.秦南凹陷烃源岩特征及油气勘探新领域[J].断块油气田,2011,18(2):146-149.ZHUANG Xin-bing,ZOU Hua-yao,LI Nan,et al.Characteristics of source rock and new region of oil and gas exploration in Qinnan Sag[J].Foult-block Oil and Gas Gield,2011,18(2):146-149.
[13]Tissot Welte.Petroleum formation and occurrence-a new approach to oil exploration[M].London:Elsevier Appliced Science Publishers Ltd.,1978.
[14]Durand.Kerogen-insoluble organic matter from sedimentary rocks[M].Paris:Editions Technip,1980.
[15]涂建琪,王淑芝,费轩冬,等.干酪根有机质类型划分的若干问题讨论[J],石油实验地质,1998,20(2):185-191.TU Jian-qi,WANG Shu-zhi,FEI Xuan-dong,et al.Discussion on certain problems to the division of organic matter types in kerogen[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1998,20(2):185-191.
[16]张翔宇.陆相烃源岩的地球化学评价标准之有机质类型简析[J].化工管理,2014(10):64.ZHANG Xiang-yu.Continental hydrocarbon source rocks of organic matter type analysis of geochemical evaluation standard[J].Chemical Enterprise Management,2014(10):64.
[17]李鑫.鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系烃源岩评价[J].西安科技大学学报,2015,35(1):56-62.LI Xin.Evaluation to ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks in the southeast of the Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2015,35(1):56-62.
[18]任战利,刘池阳,张小会,等.酒东盆地热演化史与油气关系研究[J].沉积学报,2000,18(4):619-623.REN Zhan-li,LIU Chi-yang,ZHANG Xiao-hui,et al.Research on the relations between geothermal history and oil-gas generation in Jiudong Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2000,18(4):619-623.
[19]赵俊峰,刘池洋,何争光,等.南华北地区主要层系热演化特征及其油气地质意义[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(2):101-107,114.ZHAO Jun-feng,LIU Chi-yang,HE Zheng-guang,et al.Thermal evolution degree and its hydrocarbon geological implications of the main strata series in the southern north China Craton[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2010,32(2):101-107,114.
[20]蒋有录,卓勤功,谈玉明,等.富油凹陷不同洼陷烃源岩的热演化及生烃特征差异性[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(5):500-505.JIANG You-lu,ZHAO Qin-gong,TAN Yu-ming,et al.Diversity in the thermal evolution and hydrocarbon generation of source socks in different sub-depressions[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2009,31(5):500-505.
[21]Buchardt B,Lewan M D.Reflectance of vitrinite-like macerals as a thermal maturity index for cambrian-ordovician alun shale,southern scandinavia[J].American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1990,74(4):394-406.
[22]胡作维,黄思静,马永坤,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长2油层组储层孔隙结构特征[J].断块油气田,2012,19(5):588-591.HU Zuo-wei,HUANG Si-jing,MA Yong-kun,et al.Characteristics of reservoir pore structure in Chang 2 oilbearing bed in Jiyuan Area,Ordos Basin[J].FoultBlock Oil and Gas Field,2012,19(5):588-591.
[23]梅华平,陈玉良,龚福华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系下乌尔禾组储层控制因素分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2014,34(4):420-425.MEI Hua-ping,CHEN Yu-liang,GONG Fu-hua,et al.Analysis of reservoir control factors for Xiawuerhe Formation of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2014,34(4):420-425.
[24]古娜,程文博,朱莎,等.碎屑岩储层类型划分依据及现行分类方案综述[J].开发应用,2012,6(10):1671-6396.GU Na,CHENG Wen-bo,ZHU Sha,et al.Clastic rock reservoir classification based on classification and the current scheme[J].Development and Application,2012,6(10):1671-6396.
[25]卢鸿,冯小杰.油源对比常规方法的使用误区[J].西安工程学院学报,2000,22(2):56-59.LU Hong,FENG Xiao-jie.The use of oil source compared to conventional methods[J].Journal of Xi'an University Engineering,2000,22(2):56-59.
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