微量Ce和Ca对AZ31组织演变及成形性能的影响
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摘要
研究微量(0.2%,质量分数)Ce和Ca对AZ31合金组织演变和成形性能的影响,期望通过改善组织和织构开发低成本高成形性能的镁合金。结果表明:Ce和Ca可以使挤压态AZ31板材再结晶晶粒更加均匀细小;Ce和Ca可以弱化轧制退火态板材的基面织构,Ca会使AZ31板材的基面织构基极向横向发散,同时,Ce和Ca还能使AZ31板材的r值和各向异性降低;Ce和Ca可以大幅提高AZ31合金板材的室温成形性能,Mg-3Al-1Zn-0.2Ce-0.2Ca合金薄板的基面织构强度为3.2,r值为1.05,Δr值为0.04,其Erichsen值达到6.0 mm。织构的改善主要是由于合金元素引起的滑移系的改变,板材各向异性的降低与其织构的改善密切相关,室温成形性能的提高可以归因于织构的改善、较小的r值和较大的n值。
The effects of trace(0.2%, mass fraction) Ce and Ca on microstructure evolution and formability of AZ31 alloys were investigated desiring to develop low-cost and high-formability magnesium alloys by improving the microstructure and texture. The results reveal that Ce and Ca can make the recrystallize grains of the extruded AZ31 sheets more uniform and smaller. Ce and Ca can weaken the basal texture of the rolled and annealed sheet, Ca can cause the basal pole of AZ31 sheets to spread towards TD, Ce and Ca also decrease the r value and anisotropy of AZ31 sheets.Ce and Ca greatly improve the room temperature formability of AZ31 alloy sheets, the basal texture of Mg-3 Al-1 Zn-0.2 Ce-0.2 Ca sheets is 3.2, r value is 1.05, Δ r value is 0.04, and its Erichsen value is 6.0 mm. The modified texture is mainly due to the change of the slip systems caused by the alloying elements, the reduction of sheet anisotropy is closely related to the modified texture, and the improvements at room temperature formability of the alloys can be attributed to the modified texture, smaller r values and larger n values.
The effects of trace(0.2%, mass fraction) Ce and Ca on microstructure evolution and formability of AZ31 alloys were investigated desiring to develop low-cost and high-formability magnesium alloys by improving the microstructure and texture. The results reveal that Ce and Ca can make the recrystallize grains of the extruded AZ31 sheets more uniform and smaller. Ce and Ca can weaken the basal texture of the rolled and annealed sheet, Ca can cause the basal pole of AZ31 sheets to spread towards TD, Ce and Ca also decrease the r value and anisotropy of AZ31 sheets.Ce and Ca greatly improve the room temperature formability of AZ31 alloy sheets, the basal texture of Mg-3 Al-1 Zn-0.2 Ce-0.2 Ca sheets is 3.2, r value is 1.05, Δ r value is 0.04, and its Erichsen value is 6.0 mm. The modified texture is mainly due to the change of the slip systems caused by the alloying elements, the reduction of sheet anisotropy is closely related to the modified texture, and the improvements at room temperature formability of the alloys can be attributed to the modified texture, smaller r values and larger n values.
引文
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[19]CHINO Y,HUNG X,SUZUKI K,MABUCHI M.Enhancement of stretch formability at room temperature by addition of Ca in Mg-Zn alloy[J].Materials Transactions,2010,51(4):818-821.
[20]KIM D W,SUH B C,SHIM M S,BAE J H,KIM D H,KIMN J.Texture evolution in Mg-Zn-Ca alloy sheets[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2013,44(7):2950-2961.
[21]MOITRA A,KIM S G,HORSTEMEYER M F.Solute effect on thedislocation nucleation mechanism in magnesium[J].Acta Materialia,2014,75:106-112.
[22]JIANG M G,XU C,NAKATA T,YAN H,CHEN R S,KAMADO S.Development of dilute Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy with high performance via extrusion[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,668:13-21.
[23]丁汉林,王天一,徐成志,李殿凯.Ca添加及变形条件对Mg-Zn合金组织与织构的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(5):1142-1152.DING Han-lin,WANG Tian-yi,XU Cheng-zhi,LI Dian-kai.Effects of Ca addition and deformation conditions on microstructure and texture of Mg-Zn alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(5):1142-1152.
[24]COTTAM R,ROBSON J,LORIMER G,DAVIS B.Dynamic recrystallization of Mg and Mg-Y alloys:Crystallographic texture development[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,485(1/2):375-382.
[25]MACKENZIE L W F,DAVIS B,HUMPHREYS F J,LORIMER G W.The deformation,recrystallisation and texture of three magnesium alloy extrusions[J].Materials Science and Technology,2013,23(10):1173-1180.
[26]CHINO Y,SASSA K,KAMIYA A,MABUCHI M.Enhanced formability at elevated temperature of a cross-rolled magnesium alloy sheet[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2006,441(1/2):349-356.
[2]XIONG H,YU K,YIN X,DAI Y,YAN Y,ZHU H.Effects of microstructure on the electrochemical discharge behavior of Mg-6wt%Al-1wt%Sn alloy as anode for Mg-air primary battery[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,708:652-661.
[3]陈振华.镁合金[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.CHEN Zhen-hua.Magnesium alloy[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2004.
[4]李树新,杨巍.生物可降解镁合金支架在冠状动脉血管中应用进展[J].医学综述,2015,21(2):193-195.LI Shu-xin,YANG Wei.Advancement of application of bioabsorbable magnesium stents in coronary artery[J].Medical Recapitulate,2015,21(2):193-195.
[5]PARK S H,HONG S G,LEE C S.Enhanced stretch formability of rolled Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy at room temperature by initial}2110{twins[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,578(9):271-276.
[6]吴泽宏,古文全,于云峰,梁寅,李英,吴健,郭光平.镁合金板材室温成形性能影响因素及改善措施[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(17):6-9.WU Ze-hong,GU Wen-quan,YU Yun-feng,LIANG Yin,LIYin,WU Jiang,GUO Guang-ping.Influencing factors and improving methods of room temperature formability of magnesium alloy sheet[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(17):6-9.
[7]SHI Z Z,ZHANG Y,WAGNER F,JUAN P A,BERBENNIS,CAPOLUNGO L,LECOMTE J S,RICHETON T.On the selection of extension twin variants with low Schmid factors in a deformed Mg alloy[J].Acta Materialia,2015,83:17-28.
[8]QIAO H,AGNEW S R,WU P D.Modeling twinning and detwinning behavior of Mg alloy ZK60A during monotonic and cyclic loading[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2015,65:61-84.
[9]KOIKE J,KOBAYASHI T,MUKAI T,WATANABE H,SUZUKI M,MARUYAMA K,HIGASHI K.The activity of non-basal slip systems and dynamic recovery at room temperature in fine-grained AZ31B magnesium alloys[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(7):2055-2065.
[10]XIN R,LIU D,SHU X,LI B,YANG X,LIU Q.Influence of welding parameter on texture distribution and plastic deformation behavior of as-rolled AZ31 Mg alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,670:64-71.
[11]ZENG Z R,BIAN M Z,XU S W,DAVIES C H J,BIRBILISN,NIE J F.Texture evolution during cold rolling of dilute Mg alloys[J].Scripta Materialia,2015,108:6-10.
[12]HUANG X,SUZUKI K,CHINO Y,MABUCHI M.Texture and stretch formability of AZ61 and AM60 magnesium alloy sheets processed by high-temperature rolling[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,632:94-102.
[13]MILLER V M,BERMAN T D,BEYERLEIN I J,JONES JW,POLLOCK T M.Prediction of the plastic anisotropy of magnesium alloys with synthetic textures and implications for the effect of texture on formability[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,675:345-360.
[14]胡水平,王哲.织构和晶粒尺寸对AZ31镁合金薄板成形性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(9):2424-2429.HU Shui-ping,WANG Zhe.Effects of texture and grain size on press formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(9):2424-2429.
[15]LIU P,JIANG H,CAI Z X,KANG Q,ZHANG Y.The effect of Y,Ce and Gd on texture,recrystallization and mechanical property of Mg-Zn alloys[J].Journal of Magnesium&Alloys,2016,4(3):188-196.
[16]CHINO Y,KADO M,MABUCHI M.Enhancement of tensile ductility and stretch formability of magnesium by addition of 0.2 wt%(0.035 at%)Ce[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,494(1/2):343-349.
[17]LANGELIER B,NASIRI A M,LEE S Y,GHARGHOURIM A,ESMAEILI S.Improving microstructure and ductility in the Mg-Zn alloy system by combinational Ce-Ca microalloying[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2015,620:76-84.
[18]DU Y,ZHENG M,QIAO X,WANG D B,PENG W Q,WUK,JIANG B L.Improving microstructure and mechanical properties in Mg-6 mass%Zn alloys by combined addition of Ca and Ce[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2016,656:67-74.
[19]CHINO Y,HUNG X,SUZUKI K,MABUCHI M.Enhancement of stretch formability at room temperature by addition of Ca in Mg-Zn alloy[J].Materials Transactions,2010,51(4):818-821.
[20]KIM D W,SUH B C,SHIM M S,BAE J H,KIM D H,KIMN J.Texture evolution in Mg-Zn-Ca alloy sheets[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2013,44(7):2950-2961.
[21]MOITRA A,KIM S G,HORSTEMEYER M F.Solute effect on the
[22]JIANG M G,XU C,NAKATA T,YAN H,CHEN R S,KAMADO S.Development of dilute Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy with high performance via extrusion[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,668:13-21.
[23]丁汉林,王天一,徐成志,李殿凯.Ca添加及变形条件对Mg-Zn合金组织与织构的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(5):1142-1152.DING Han-lin,WANG Tian-yi,XU Cheng-zhi,LI Dian-kai.Effects of Ca addition and deformation conditions on microstructure and texture of Mg-Zn alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(5):1142-1152.
[24]COTTAM R,ROBSON J,LORIMER G,DAVIS B.Dynamic recrystallization of Mg and Mg-Y alloys:Crystallographic texture development[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,485(1/2):375-382.
[25]MACKENZIE L W F,DAVIS B,HUMPHREYS F J,LORIMER G W.The deformation,recrystallisation and texture of three magnesium alloy extrusions[J].Materials Science and Technology,2013,23(10):1173-1180.
[26]CHINO Y,SASSA K,KAMIYA A,MABUCHI M.Enhanced formability at elevated temperature of a cross-rolled magnesium alloy sheet[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2006,441(1/2):349-356.