复合电刷镀镍–钨–钴–纳米碳化硅及其性能
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摘要
采用电刷镀工艺在45钢表面制备了Ni-W-Co-n-Sic(纳米碳化硅)复合镀层,镀液组成和工艺条件为:NiSO_4·7H_2O 393 g/L,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 23 g/L,H_3BO_3 31 g/L,柠檬酸42 g/L,Na_2SO_4 6.5 g/L,CoSO_4·7H_2O 3 g/L,NaF 5g/L,n-SiC 0~30 g/L,温度25~45℃,pH 1.4~2.4,电压5~7 V,镀笔速率0.8 m/s,时间25 min。以Ni-W-Co合金镀层的外观为指标,筛选得到较适合的复合电刷镀电压为6 V。研究了镀液n-SiC含量对镀层的组织结构、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,镀液中n-SiC含量为15~25 g/L时,可以获得颗粒均匀分布、无微裂纹的Ni-W-Co-n-SiC复合镀层。随镀液中n-SiC含量增大,复合镀层的晶化程度、Ni固溶度和显微硬度均提高,耐磨性改善,但摩擦因数的变化不大。
A Ni-W-Co-n-SiC(nano silicon carbide) composite coating was prepared on the surface of 45 steel by electro-brush plating.The bath composition and process conditions are as follows:NiSO_4·7H_2O 393 g/L,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 23 g/L,H_3BO_3 31 g/L,citric acid 42 g/L,Na_2SO_4 6.5 g/L,CoSO_4·7H_2O 3 g/L,NaF 5 g/L,n-SiC 0-30 g/L,temperature 25-45℃,pH1.4-2.4,voltage 5-7 V,moving rate of plating pen 0.8 m/s and time 25 min.The suitable voltage for composite electro-brush plating was determined as 6 V based on the evaluation of appearance using a Ni-W-Co alloy coating as the standard.The effect of n-SiC content in bath on the structure,microhardness and friction-wear performance of the nanocomposite coating was studied.The results showed that a crack-free Ni-W-Co-n-SiC composite coating with uniformly distributed particles can be obtained from the bath containing 15-25 g/L SiC nanoparticles.With increasing n-SiC content in bath,the crystallization degree,solid solubility of Ni,as well as microhardness and wear resistance of composite coating are increased,while the friction coefficient of the composite coating surface is changed little.
A Ni-W-Co-n-SiC(nano silicon carbide) composite coating was prepared on the surface of 45 steel by electro-brush plating.The bath composition and process conditions are as follows:NiSO_4·7H_2O 393 g/L,Na_2WO_4·2H_2O 23 g/L,H_3BO_3 31 g/L,citric acid 42 g/L,Na_2SO_4 6.5 g/L,CoSO_4·7H_2O 3 g/L,NaF 5 g/L,n-SiC 0-30 g/L,temperature 25-45℃,pH1.4-2.4,voltage 5-7 V,moving rate of plating pen 0.8 m/s and time 25 min.The suitable voltage for composite electro-brush plating was determined as 6 V based on the evaluation of appearance using a Ni-W-Co alloy coating as the standard.The effect of n-SiC content in bath on the structure,microhardness and friction-wear performance of the nanocomposite coating was studied.The results showed that a crack-free Ni-W-Co-n-SiC composite coating with uniformly distributed particles can be obtained from the bath containing 15-25 g/L SiC nanoparticles.With increasing n-SiC content in bath,the crystallization degree,solid solubility of Ni,as well as microhardness and wear resistance of composite coating are increased,while the friction coefficient of the composite coating surface is changed little.
引文
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[4]吴玉程,舒霞,李云,等.电沉积Ni–W合金纳米晶镀层组织形貌与显微硬度[J].机械工程学报,2007,43(12):69-73.
[5]YOUNES O,ZHU L,ROSENBERG Y,et al.Electroplating of amorphous thin films of tungsten/nickel alloys[J].Langmuir,2001,17(26):8270-8275.
[6]BORGIA C,SCHAROWSKY T,FURRER A,et al.A combinatorial study on the influence of elemental composition and heat treatment on the phase composition,microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni–W alloy thin films[J].Acta Materialia,2011,59(1):386-399.
[7]揭晓华,陈元迪,谢光荣.Ni–W(D)合金电刷镀层的滑动磨损特性研究[J].摩擦学学报,2002,22(3):180-183.
[8]徐滨士,刘世参.表面工程新技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002:119-125.
[9]丁红珍,李尚周.摩擦电刷镀Ni–W–D合金镀液改良及镀层性能研究[J].电镀与涂饰,2005,24(8):8-10.
[10]郭会清.Ni–W–D合金刷镀钢领的纺纱性能研究[J].武汉纺织工学院学报,1996(增刊1):46-50.
[11]SASSI W,DHOUIBI L,BER?OT P,et al.Study of the electroplating mechanism and physicochemical proprieties of deposited Ni–W–silicate composite alloy[J].Electrochimica Acta,2014,117:443-452.
[12]WANG Y,ZHOU Q Y,LI K,et al.Preparation of Ni–W–Si O2 nanocomposite coating and evaluation of its hardness and corrosion resistance[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(1)Part A:79-84.
[13]苏志俊,袁庆龙,曹晶晶.电刷镀镍钨合金层的抗高温软化性能[J].材料保护,2010,43(1):71-73.
[14]苏福荣,刘长华.刷镀电压对电刷镀Ni–W(D)合金镀层性能的影响[J].中国表面工程,2004,17(1):28-30.
[15]桑付明,成旦红,曹铁华,等.电沉积技术制备Ni–纳米Si O2复合镀层的研究[J].电镀与精饰,2004,26(3):5-8,19.
[16]张文峰,朱荻,薛玉君,等.Ni–Si C纳米复合电镀工艺的研究[J].电镀与环保,2004,24(4):10-13.