主从控制孤岛运行微电网的短期可靠性评估
|
摘要
针对主从控制孤岛运行微电网短期可靠性的时变性和通信系统冗余的动态特性,提出一种基于时变动态故障树的短期可靠性评估方法。首先,定义时变动态故障树,给出动态子树和静态子树的求解过程。再以负荷点供电中断为顶事件,将顶事件划分为直接事件和间接事件,并进行概率计算。在此基础上,计算主从控制孤岛运行微电网的负荷点切负荷概率和系统停电期望值,给出可靠性评估流程。算例分析验证了所提方法的正确性及有效性,评估结果可为主从控制孤岛运行微电网的调度及运行提供一定的依据。
Aiming at time-varying feature of short-term reliability and redundant feature of communication system in islanded microgrid under master-slave control, a short-term reliability assessment method based on time-varying dynamic fault tree is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the time-varying dynamic fault tree is defined, and solution procedures of dynamic sub-tree and static sub-tree are presented. Then, direct and indirect events are defined and probability calculation is performed under the premise on load interruption of buses being regarded as a top event. On this basis, loss of load probability and expected demand not supplied by the microgrid are calculated and reliability assessment procedure is given. The proposed method is tested in an example to verify its correctness and effectiveness. The assessment results can provide some references for dispatching and operation of islanded microgrid under master-slave control.
Aiming at time-varying feature of short-term reliability and redundant feature of communication system in islanded microgrid under master-slave control, a short-term reliability assessment method based on time-varying dynamic fault tree is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the time-varying dynamic fault tree is defined, and solution procedures of dynamic sub-tree and static sub-tree are presented. Then, direct and indirect events are defined and probability calculation is performed under the premise on load interruption of buses being regarded as a top event. On this basis, loss of load probability and expected demand not supplied by the microgrid are calculated and reliability assessment procedure is given. The proposed method is tested in an example to verify its correctness and effectiveness. The assessment results can provide some references for dispatching and operation of islanded microgrid under master-slave control.
引文
[1]杨新法,苏剑,吕志鹏,等.微电网技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014(1):57-70.Yang Xinfa,Su Jian,LüZhipeng,et al.Overview on microgrid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014(1):57-70(in Chinese).
[2]王成山,武震,李鹏.微电网关键技术研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):1-12.Wang Chengshan,Wu Zhen,Li Peng.Research on key technologies of microgrid[J].Transaction of china Electrotechnical Society,2014(2):1-12(in Chinese).
[3]赵波.微电网优化配置关键技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:20-25.
[4]王成山.微电网分析与仿真理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:119-122.
[5]张建华.微电网运行控制与保护技术[M].中国电力出版社,2010:113-122.
[6]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆.基于BFGS信赖域算法的孤岛微电网潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2629-2638.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing.Power flow calculation of islanded microgrids based on BFGS trust region method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2629-2638(in Chinese).
[7]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆,等.基于时变通用生成函数的孤岛运行模式下微电网可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(10):28-35.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing,et al.Reliability evaluation of microgrid in islanded operation mode based on TVUGF[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(10):28-35(in Chinese).
[8]Bie Z,Zhang P,Li G,et al.Reliability evaluation of active distribution systems including microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(4):2342-2350.
[9]王杨,谢开贵,胡博,等.基于时序模拟的离网型微网可靠性分析[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):206-211.Wang Yang,Xie Kaigui,Hu Bo,et al.Reliability analysis of islanded microgrid based on sequential simulation[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):206-211(in Chinese).
[10]Liu H,Sun Y,Cheng L,et al.Online short-term reliability evaluation using a fast sorting technique[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2008,2(1):139-148.
[11]Sun R,Singh C,Cheng L,et al.Short-term reliability evaluation using control variable based dagger sampling method[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2010,80(6):682-689.
[12]解翔,袁越,邹文仲,等.非计划孤岛下的微电网供电可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):18-23.Xie Xiang,Yuan Yue,Zou Wenzhong,et al.Reliability evaluation of microgrid power supply in emergency non-scheduled isolated mode[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):18-23(in Chinese).
[13]Dai Z,Wang Z.Protection dynamic reliability analysis system based on 3RF technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2011,26(3):1137-1144.
[14]Li Y F,Mi J,Huang H Z,et al.System reliability modeling and assessment for solar array drive assembly based on bayesian networks[J].China Science Paper,2012,15(6):986-991.
[15]戴志辉,王增平,焦彦军.基于动态故障树与蒙特卡罗仿真的保护系统动态可靠性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(19):105-113.Dai Zhihui,Wang Zengping,Jiao Yanjun.Dynamic reliability assessment of protection system based on dynamic fault tree and monte carlo simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(19):105-113(in Chinese).
[16]丁明,肖遥,张晶晶,等.基于事故链及动态故障树的电网连锁故障风险评估模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(4):821-829.Ding Ming,Xiao Yao,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Risk assessment model of power grid cascading failures based on fault chain and dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(4):821-829(in Chinese).
[17]熊小萍,谭建成,林湘宁.基于动态故障树的变电站通信系统可靠性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(34):135-141.Xiong Xiaoping,Tan Jiancheng,Lin Xiangning.Reliability analysis of communication system in substation based on dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(34):135-141(in Chinese).
[18]高顺川.动态故障树分析方法及其实现[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2005.
[19]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆,等.基于组合抽样的含分布式电源随机潮流计算[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(5):28-34.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing,et al.Probabilistic load flow calculation based on combination sampling for power system containing distributed generations[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(5):28-34(in Chinese).
[20]Papathanassiou S,Hatziargyriou N,Strunz K.a benchmark low voltage microgrid network[C]//Proceedings of CIGRE Symposium:Power Systems with Dispersed Generation.Athens,Greece:CIGRE,2005:1-5.
[21]Rahmat M K,Jovanovic S.Reliability modelling of uninterruptible power supply systems using fault tree analysis method[J].European Transactions on Electrical Power,2009,19(2):258-273.
[2]王成山,武震,李鹏.微电网关键技术研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):1-12.Wang Chengshan,Wu Zhen,Li Peng.Research on key technologies of microgrid[J].Transaction of china Electrotechnical Society,2014(2):1-12(in Chinese).
[3]赵波.微电网优化配置关键技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:20-25.
[4]王成山.微电网分析与仿真理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:119-122.
[5]张建华.微电网运行控制与保护技术[M].中国电力出版社,2010:113-122.
[6]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆.基于BFGS信赖域算法的孤岛微电网潮流计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2629-2638.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing.Power flow calculation of islanded microgrids based on BFGS trust region method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2629-2638(in Chinese).
[7]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆,等.基于时变通用生成函数的孤岛运行模式下微电网可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(10):28-35.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing,et al.Reliability evaluation of microgrid in islanded operation mode based on TVUGF[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(10):28-35(in Chinese).
[8]Bie Z,Zhang P,Li G,et al.Reliability evaluation of active distribution systems including microgrids[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(4):2342-2350.
[9]王杨,谢开贵,胡博,等.基于时序模拟的离网型微网可靠性分析[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(6):206-211.Wang Yang,Xie Kaigui,Hu Bo,et al.Reliability analysis of islanded microgrid based on sequential simulation[J].Transaction of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(6):206-211(in Chinese).
[10]Liu H,Sun Y,Cheng L,et al.Online short-term reliability evaluation using a fast sorting technique[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2008,2(1):139-148.
[11]Sun R,Singh C,Cheng L,et al.Short-term reliability evaluation using control variable based dagger sampling method[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2010,80(6):682-689.
[12]解翔,袁越,邹文仲,等.非计划孤岛下的微电网供电可靠性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):18-23.Xie Xiang,Yuan Yue,Zou Wenzhong,et al.Reliability evaluation of microgrid power supply in emergency non-scheduled isolated mode[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):18-23(in Chinese).
[13]Dai Z,Wang Z.Protection dynamic reliability analysis system based on 3RF technique[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2011,26(3):1137-1144.
[14]Li Y F,Mi J,Huang H Z,et al.System reliability modeling and assessment for solar array drive assembly based on bayesian networks[J].China Science Paper,2012,15(6):986-991.
[15]戴志辉,王增平,焦彦军.基于动态故障树与蒙特卡罗仿真的保护系统动态可靠性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(19):105-113.Dai Zhihui,Wang Zengping,Jiao Yanjun.Dynamic reliability assessment of protection system based on dynamic fault tree and monte carlo simulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(19):105-113(in Chinese).
[16]丁明,肖遥,张晶晶,等.基于事故链及动态故障树的电网连锁故障风险评估模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(4):821-829.Ding Ming,Xiao Yao,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Risk assessment model of power grid cascading failures based on fault chain and dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(4):821-829(in Chinese).
[17]熊小萍,谭建成,林湘宁.基于动态故障树的变电站通信系统可靠性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(34):135-141.Xiong Xiaoping,Tan Jiancheng,Lin Xiangning.Reliability analysis of communication system in substation based on dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(34):135-141(in Chinese).
[18]高顺川.动态故障树分析方法及其实现[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2005.
[19]彭寒梅,曹一家,黄小庆,等.基于组合抽样的含分布式电源随机潮流计算[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(5):28-34.Peng Hanmei,Cao Yijia,Huang Xiaoqing,et al.Probabilistic load flow calculation based on combination sampling for power system containing distributed generations[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(5):28-34(in Chinese).
[20]Papathanassiou S,Hatziargyriou N,Strunz K.a benchmark low voltage microgrid network[C]//Proceedings of CIGRE Symposium:Power Systems with Dispersed Generation.Athens,Greece:CIGRE,2005:1-5.
[21]Rahmat M K,Jovanovic S.Reliability modelling of uninterruptible power supply systems using fault tree analysis method[J].European Transactions on Electrical Power,2009,19(2):258-273.