有限元法在金刚石合成中的应用进展
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摘要
金刚石以其优异的性能广泛应用于国防工程、机械加工、电子科技等领域,其需求量也日益增大。有限元法适用于复杂几何结构和物理问题的模拟分析,由此开辟了有限元法应用于金刚石合成和相应设备优化的新途径。阐述了有限元方法在六面顶压机及金刚石合成腔体工艺方面的应用进展。首先,考虑静力、应力强度、应力分布和形变等影响因素,对铰链梁和工作缸进行模拟分析,运用有限元法对顶锤的作用、破坏机理及新型顶锤设计进行探讨;其次,总结有限元法在金刚石腔体内的温度场、压力场、电学场等研究中的应用进展;最后,对有限元法在金刚石合成中的应用前景进行展望。
Diamonds with excellent performances were used widely in national defense construction,mechanical processing, electronic science and technology, and so on. The demand for diamonds at home and abroad is also increasing. Finite element method(FEM) is suitable for simulation analysis of complex geometric structure and physical problems. FEM is applied to the optimization of synthetic technology and corresponding device for diamond. In this paper, the application progress of FEM in the apparatus of high pressure and the chamber of diamond synthesis are reviewed. Firstly, hinge beam and working cylinder are simulated and analyzed by considering facts such as static forces, stress strength, stress distribution, and deformation. Also, the mechanism of the action, the damage, and the new design for anvil were simulated and analyzed by FEM. Secondly, it is summarized that the application progress of diamond chamber with temperature field, pressure field, and electrical field, etc. is simulated and analyzed using FEM. Finally, the application prospect of FEM in diamond synthesis is forecasted.
Diamonds with excellent performances were used widely in national defense construction,mechanical processing, electronic science and technology, and so on. The demand for diamonds at home and abroad is also increasing. Finite element method(FEM) is suitable for simulation analysis of complex geometric structure and physical problems. FEM is applied to the optimization of synthetic technology and corresponding device for diamond. In this paper, the application progress of FEM in the apparatus of high pressure and the chamber of diamond synthesis are reviewed. Firstly, hinge beam and working cylinder are simulated and analyzed by considering facts such as static forces, stress strength, stress distribution, and deformation. Also, the mechanism of the action, the damage, and the new design for anvil were simulated and analyzed by FEM. Secondly, it is summarized that the application progress of diamond chamber with temperature field, pressure field, and electrical field, etc. is simulated and analyzed using FEM. Finally, the application prospect of FEM in diamond synthesis is forecasted.
引文
[1]罗中平,姚亚林,夏志华,等.磁性对人造金刚石单晶机械性能的影响[J].高压物理学报,2009,23(3):236-240.LUO Z P,YAO Y L,XIA Z H,et al.Study on the influence of magnetism of synthetic diamond single crystal on their mechanical performances[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2009,23(3):236-240.
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[6]王勖成.有限单元法基本原理和数值方法[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,1997:1-2.
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[9]韩奇钢,马红安,肖宏宇,等.基于有限元法分析宝石级金刚石的合成腔体温度场[J].物理学报,2010,59(3):1923-1927.HAN Q G,MA H A,XIAO H Y,et al.Finite element method study on the temperature distribution in the cell of large single crystal diamond[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(3):1923-1927.
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[15]汪曙光.基于Ansys Workbench六面顶压机优化分析[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2015(2):69-73.WANG S G.Optimization analysis of cubic diamond press based on Ansys Workbench[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2015(2):69-73.
[16]牛炜霖.聚晶金刚石取放机械手设计及压机顶锤应力分析[D].郑州:郑州大学,2014:15-17.
[17]韩奇钢.有限元法在六面顶顶锤优化设计中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2008:22-24.
[18]HAN Q G,LI M Z,JIA X P,et al.Finite element analysis and design of cubic high-pressure anvils based on the principle of lateral support[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2010,81(12):123901.
[19]韩奇钢,马红安,李瑞,等.六面顶压机硬质合金顶锤应力与破裂机理的有限元分析[J].重型机械,2007(3):27-31.HAN Q G,MA H A,LI R,et al.The stress and fracture mechanism analysis on cemented carbide anvils of cubic apparatus based on FEM[J].Heavy Machinery,2007(3):27-31.
[20]韩奇钢,贾晓鹏,马红安,等.基于三维有限元法模拟分析六面顶顶锤的热应力[J].物理学报,2009,58(7):4812-4816.HAN Q G,JIA X P,MA H A,et al.Finite element simulations of thermal-stress on cemented tungsten carbide anvil used in cubic high pressure apparatus[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(7):4812-4816.
[21]HAN Q G,ZHANG Q,LI M Z,et al.An effective solution for the best set of beveling parameters of the cubic high-pressure tungsten carbide anvil[J].Chinese Physics Letters,2012,29(11):116201.
[22]ADAMS D M,SHAW A C.A computer-aided design study of the behaviour of diamond anvils under stress[J].Journal of Physics D,1982,15(9):1609-1635.
[23]于歌,韩奇钢,李明哲,等.新型圆角式高压碳化钨硬质合金顶锤的有限元分析[J].物理学报,2012,61(4):63-67.YU G,HAN Q G,LI M Z,et al.Finite element analysis of the high-pressure tungsten carbide radius-anvil[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(4):63-67.
[24]HAN Q G,YANG W K,ZHU P W,et al.Design and performance of tapered cubic anvil used for achieving higher pressure and larger sample cell[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2013,84(7):073902.
[25]MOSS W C,HALLQUIST J O,REICHLIN R,et al.Finite element analysis of the diamond anvil cell:Achieving 4.6 Mbar[J].Applied Physics Letters,1986,48(19):1258-1260.
[26]HAN Q G,JIA X P,QIN J M,et al.FEM study on a double-beveled anvil and its application to synthetic diamonds[J].High Pressure Research,2009,29(3):449-456.
[27]HAN Q G,LI M Z,JIA X P,et al.Modeling of effective design of high pressure anvils used for large scale commercial production of gem quality large single crystal diamond[J].Diamond and Related Materials,2011,20(7):969-973.
[28]HAN Q G,MA H A,HUANG G F,et al.Hybrid-anvil:a suitable anvil for large volume cubic high pressure apparatus[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2009,80(9):096107.
[29]KONDRAT’YEV A I,VOHRA Y K.Finite-element modeling of stresses and strains in a diamond anvil cell device:case of a diamond-coated rhenium gasket[J].High Pressure Research,2007,27(3):321-331.
[30]KONDRAT Y A,MURPHY M J,WEIR S T,et al.Comparison of finite element modeling and experimental pressure distribution in a diamond anvil cell[C]//APS Southeastern Section Meeting,2002.
[31]刘芳,刘永刚,谢鸿森.六面顶压机高压腔体温度场的数值模拟[J].高压物理学报,2012,26(2):135-140.LIU F,LIU Y G,XIE H S.Numerical simulation of temperature field in sample assembly of cubic press[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2012,26(2):135-140.
[32]李瑞,马红安,韩奇钢,等.基于ANSYS的金刚石合成腔内的温度场分析[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2008,38(3):535-538.LI R,MA H A,HAN Q G,et al.Analysis of temperature field in diamond synthetic chamber based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Jilin(University Engineering and Technology Edition),2008,38(3):535-538.
[33]LI Z C,JIA X P,HUANG G F,et al.FEM simulations and experimental studies of the temperature field in a large diamond crystal growth cell[J].Chinese Physics B,2013,22(1):363-367.
[34]ZHANG Q,LI R,GU X,et al.Thermal analysis of the growth process of synthetic diamond in the large volume cubic press apparatus with large deformation of high pressure cell[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2015,420:80-83.
[35]卢金斌,穆云超,王秦生,等.基于?69 mm腔体温度场数值模拟的高品级金刚石合成工艺优化[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2010,30(6):50-53.LU J B,MU Y C,WANG Q S,et al.Optimization of diamond synthesis process based on numerical simulation on temperature field in?69 chamber[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2010,30(6):50-53.
[36]刘衍聪,郭欣,伊鹏,等.六面顶压机合成腔中心温度轨迹控制方法研究[J].人工晶体学报,2011,40(1):27-32.LIU Y C,GUO X,YI P,et al.Study on temperature tracking control approach of cubic press center[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2011,40(1):27-32.
[37]LI R,MA H A,HAN Q G,et al.Simulation of pressure distribution in a pyrophyllite high-pressure cell by finite-element analysis[J].High Pressure Research,2007,27(2):249-257.
[38]LI R,XU B,ZHANG Q,et al.Finite-element analysis on pressure transfer mechanism in large-volume cubic press[J].High Pressure Research,2016,36(4):575-584.
[39]LI R,MA H A,YIN B H,et al.Finite element analysis on pressure-transmitting behavior of pyrophyllite block based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA[J].Journal of Jilin University,2008,38(2):292-297.
[40]李瑞,马红安,臧传义,等.有限元法计算模拟金刚石合成腔内的电学场[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2006(3):4-7.LI R,MA H A,ZANG C Y,et al.Computer simulation of the electric field in diamond synthetic chamber using FEM[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2006(3):4-7.
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[2]张文凯,彭放,郭振堂,等.高压烧结镀Cr、Ti膜金刚石/铜复合材料热导率研究[J].高压物理学报,2012,26(3):306-312.ZHANG W K,PENG F,GUO Z T,et al.Research on thermal conductivity of diamond with Cr,Ti coating/copper composite materials by sintering under high pressure[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2012,26(3):306-312.
[3]曹海要,战再吉.铜/金刚石复合材料电磁轨道烧蚀特性的实验研究[J].高压物理学报,2016,30(4):317-322.CAO H Y,ZHAN Z J.Experimental study of Cu/diamond composite electromagnetic rail ablation characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2016,30(4):317-322.
[4]陆振勤,胡毅胜,郭滇生,等.金刚石合成设备的技术进展[J].超硬材料工程,2011,23(3):23-25.LU Z Q,HU Y S,GUO D S,et al.Technical progress of diamond synthesis equipment[J].Superhard Material Engineering,2011,23(3):23-25.
[5]张聪.有限单元法在六面顶压机结构分析及优化设计中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2010:18-23.
[6]王勖成.有限单元法基本原理和数值方法[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,1997:1-2.
[7]黄志新.ANSYS Workbench 14.0超级学习手册[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2013:1-3.
[8]韩奇钢,马红安,李瑞,等.基于有限元法确立碳化钨顶锤的破裂判据[J].高压物理学报,2010,24(1):1-5.HAN Q G,MA H A,LI R,et al.The criterion for crack of tungsten carbide anvil based on finite element method[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2010,24(1):1-5.
[9]韩奇钢,马红安,肖宏宇,等.基于有限元法分析宝石级金刚石的合成腔体温度场[J].物理学报,2010,59(3):1923-1927.HAN Q G,MA H A,XIAO H Y,et al.Finite element method study on the temperature distribution in the cell of large single crystal diamond[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2010,59(3):1923-1927.
[10]韩奇钢.人造金刚石的制备方法及其超高压技术[J].高压物理学报,2015,29(4):313-320.HAN Q G.Preparation methods and ultra-high pressure technologies of synthetic diamonds[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2015,29(4):313-320.
[11]王海阔,贺端威,许超,等.基于国产铰链式六面顶压机的大腔体静高压技术研究进展[J].高压物理学报,2013,27(5):633-661.WANG H K,HE D W,XU C,et al.Development of large volume-high static pressure techniques based on the hinge-type cubic presses[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2013,27(5):633-661.
[12]王良文,刘建设,汪曙光,等.UDS-Ⅲ型金刚石压机结构的有限元分析[J].机械设计,2005,22(3):38-41.WANG L W,LIU J S,WANG S G,et al.Finite element analysis on the structures of UDS-Ⅲtyped diamond press[J].Journalof Machine Design,2005,22(3):38-41.
[13]刘竹丽,梁颖,秦东晨.基于有限元法的铰链梁疲劳强度分析与设计研究[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2006(4):38-42.LIU Z L,LIANG Y,QIN D C.Investigation on fatigue strength and design of hinge sleeve based on FEM[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2006(4):38-42.
[14]张聪,马红安,韩奇钢,等.高压下国产六面顶压机铰链梁和工作缸的应力分析[J].高压物理学报,2010,24(5):321-325.ZHANG C,MA H A,HAN Q G,et al.Stress analysis on hinge sleeve and cylinder of china-type cubic-anvil high pressure apparatus under high pressure[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2010,24(5):321-325.
[15]汪曙光.基于Ansys Workbench六面顶压机优化分析[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2015(2):69-73.WANG S G.Optimization analysis of cubic diamond press based on Ansys Workbench[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2015(2):69-73.
[16]牛炜霖.聚晶金刚石取放机械手设计及压机顶锤应力分析[D].郑州:郑州大学,2014:15-17.
[17]韩奇钢.有限元法在六面顶顶锤优化设计中的应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2008:22-24.
[18]HAN Q G,LI M Z,JIA X P,et al.Finite element analysis and design of cubic high-pressure anvils based on the principle of lateral support[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2010,81(12):123901.
[19]韩奇钢,马红安,李瑞,等.六面顶压机硬质合金顶锤应力与破裂机理的有限元分析[J].重型机械,2007(3):27-31.HAN Q G,MA H A,LI R,et al.The stress and fracture mechanism analysis on cemented carbide anvils of cubic apparatus based on FEM[J].Heavy Machinery,2007(3):27-31.
[20]韩奇钢,贾晓鹏,马红安,等.基于三维有限元法模拟分析六面顶顶锤的热应力[J].物理学报,2009,58(7):4812-4816.HAN Q G,JIA X P,MA H A,et al.Finite element simulations of thermal-stress on cemented tungsten carbide anvil used in cubic high pressure apparatus[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(7):4812-4816.
[21]HAN Q G,ZHANG Q,LI M Z,et al.An effective solution for the best set of beveling parameters of the cubic high-pressure tungsten carbide anvil[J].Chinese Physics Letters,2012,29(11):116201.
[22]ADAMS D M,SHAW A C.A computer-aided design study of the behaviour of diamond anvils under stress[J].Journal of Physics D,1982,15(9):1609-1635.
[23]于歌,韩奇钢,李明哲,等.新型圆角式高压碳化钨硬质合金顶锤的有限元分析[J].物理学报,2012,61(4):63-67.YU G,HAN Q G,LI M Z,et al.Finite element analysis of the high-pressure tungsten carbide radius-anvil[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(4):63-67.
[24]HAN Q G,YANG W K,ZHU P W,et al.Design and performance of tapered cubic anvil used for achieving higher pressure and larger sample cell[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2013,84(7):073902.
[25]MOSS W C,HALLQUIST J O,REICHLIN R,et al.Finite element analysis of the diamond anvil cell:Achieving 4.6 Mbar[J].Applied Physics Letters,1986,48(19):1258-1260.
[26]HAN Q G,JIA X P,QIN J M,et al.FEM study on a double-beveled anvil and its application to synthetic diamonds[J].High Pressure Research,2009,29(3):449-456.
[27]HAN Q G,LI M Z,JIA X P,et al.Modeling of effective design of high pressure anvils used for large scale commercial production of gem quality large single crystal diamond[J].Diamond and Related Materials,2011,20(7):969-973.
[28]HAN Q G,MA H A,HUANG G F,et al.Hybrid-anvil:a suitable anvil for large volume cubic high pressure apparatus[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2009,80(9):096107.
[29]KONDRAT’YEV A I,VOHRA Y K.Finite-element modeling of stresses and strains in a diamond anvil cell device:case of a diamond-coated rhenium gasket[J].High Pressure Research,2007,27(3):321-331.
[30]KONDRAT Y A,MURPHY M J,WEIR S T,et al.Comparison of finite element modeling and experimental pressure distribution in a diamond anvil cell[C]//APS Southeastern Section Meeting,2002.
[31]刘芳,刘永刚,谢鸿森.六面顶压机高压腔体温度场的数值模拟[J].高压物理学报,2012,26(2):135-140.LIU F,LIU Y G,XIE H S.Numerical simulation of temperature field in sample assembly of cubic press[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2012,26(2):135-140.
[32]李瑞,马红安,韩奇钢,等.基于ANSYS的金刚石合成腔内的温度场分析[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2008,38(3):535-538.LI R,MA H A,HAN Q G,et al.Analysis of temperature field in diamond synthetic chamber based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Jilin(University Engineering and Technology Edition),2008,38(3):535-538.
[33]LI Z C,JIA X P,HUANG G F,et al.FEM simulations and experimental studies of the temperature field in a large diamond crystal growth cell[J].Chinese Physics B,2013,22(1):363-367.
[34]ZHANG Q,LI R,GU X,et al.Thermal analysis of the growth process of synthetic diamond in the large volume cubic press apparatus with large deformation of high pressure cell[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2015,420:80-83.
[35]卢金斌,穆云超,王秦生,等.基于?69 mm腔体温度场数值模拟的高品级金刚石合成工艺优化[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2010,30(6):50-53.LU J B,MU Y C,WANG Q S,et al.Optimization of diamond synthesis process based on numerical simulation on temperature field in?69 chamber[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2010,30(6):50-53.
[36]刘衍聪,郭欣,伊鹏,等.六面顶压机合成腔中心温度轨迹控制方法研究[J].人工晶体学报,2011,40(1):27-32.LIU Y C,GUO X,YI P,et al.Study on temperature tracking control approach of cubic press center[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,2011,40(1):27-32.
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