儿童热性惊厥的治疗进展及预后
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摘要
热性惊厥是小儿时期最常见的神经系统疾病,在6岁以下儿童中发生率高且有复发倾向。虽然热性惊厥通常呈自限性,但是由于起病较急,少数患儿仍因没有及时正确处理而发展为癫痫,给患儿的身心造成严重后果。本文旨在对热性惊厥新的认识、治疗及预后进行一综述。
Febrile seizures are the most common neurological disease in childhood, with a high incidence and recurrence in children under 6 years of age. Although febrile seizures are usually self-limiting, due to the acute onset of illness, a small number of children still develop epilepsy due to lack of timely and correct treatment, which has serious consequences for the child's body and mind. This article aims to review the new understanding, treatment and management of febrile seizures.
Febrile seizures are the most common neurological disease in childhood, with a high incidence and recurrence in children under 6 years of age. Although febrile seizures are usually self-limiting, due to the acute onset of illness, a small number of children still develop epilepsy due to lack of timely and correct treatment, which has serious consequences for the child's body and mind. This article aims to review the new understanding, treatment and management of febrile seizures.
引文
[1]PAUL SP,SEYMOUR M,FLOWER D,et al.Febrile convulsions in children[J].Nurs Child Young People,2015,27(5):14-15.
[2]MEWASINGH LD.Febrile seizures[J].BMJ Clin Evid,2008,2008(5):324.
[3]CANPOLAT M,PER H,GUMUS H,et al.Investigating the prevalence of febrile convulsion in Kayseri,Turkey:An assessment of the risk factors for recurrence of febrile convulsion and for development of epilepsy[J].Seizure,2018,55(2):36-47.
[4]SHARAFI R,HASSANZADEH RA,AMINZADEH V.Circadian rhythm and the seasonal variation in childhood febrile seizure[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2017,11(3):27-30.
[5]KING D,KING A.Question 2:Should children who have a febrile seizure be screened for iron deficiency?[J].Arch Dis Child,2014,99(10):960-964.
[6]SHARAWAT IK,SINGH J,DAWMAN L,et al.Evaluation of risk factors associated with first episode febrile seizure[J].J Clin Diagn Res,2016,10(5):C10-C13.
[7]VEISANI Y,DELPISHEH A,SAYEHMIRI K.Familial history and recurrence of febrile seizures;a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Iran J Pediatr,2013,23(4):389-395.
[8]BUTILA AT,ZAZGYVA A,SIN AI,et al.GABRG2 C588T gene polymorphisms might be a predictive genetic marker of febrile seizures and generalized recurrent seizures:a case-control study in a Romanian pediatric population[J].Arch Med Sci,2018,14(1):157-166.
[9]HUNG KL,LIANG JS,WANG JS,et al.Association of a novel GA-BRG2 splicing variation and a PTGS2/COX-2 single nucleotide polymorphism with Taiwanese febrile seizures[J].Epilepsy Res,2017,129(11):1-7.
[10]GUPTA S,AGGARWAL A,FARIDI MM,et al.Serum Interleukin-6Levels in Children with Febrile Seizures[J].Indian Pediatr,2018,55(5):411-413.
[11]YOUSEFICHAIJAN P,EGHBALI A,RAFEIE M,et al.The relationship between iron deficiency anemia and simple febrile convulsion in children[J].J Pediatr Neurosci,2014,9(2):110-114.
[12]CAMFIELD P,CAMFIELD C.Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+)[J].Epileptic Disord,2015,17(2):124-133.
[13]PATTERSON JL,CARAPETIAN SA,HAGEMAN JR,et al.Febrile seizures[J].Pediatr Ann,2013,42(12):249-254.
[14]DUFFY J,HAMBIDGE SJ,JACKSON LA,et al.Febrile seizure risk after vaccination in children one to five months of age[J].Pediatr Neurol,2017,76(11):72-78.
[15]GHOLIPOOR P,SABOORY E,GHAZAVI A,et al.Prenatal stress potentiates febrile seizure and leads to long-lasting increase in cortisol blood levels in children under 2 years old[J].Epilepsy Behav,2017,72(7):22-27.
[16]AZIZ KT,AHMED N,NAGI AG.Iron deficiency anaemia as risk factor for simple febrile seizures:a case control study[J].J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad,2017,29(2):316-319.
[17]NAMAKIN K,ZARDAST M,SHARIFZADEH G,et al.Serum trace elements in febrile seizure:a case-control study[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2016,10(3):57-60.
[18]刘兰花,郭银娟,张晓莹.小儿高热惊厥的影响因素及有效护理措施[J].海南医学,2018,29(16):2361-2363.
[19]CAPOVILLA G,MASTRANGELO M,ROMEO A,et al.Recommendations for the management of"febrile seizures":Ad Hoc Task Force of LICE Guidelines Commission[J].Epilepsia,2009,50 Suppl1:2-6.
[20]NATSUME J,HAMANO SI,IYODA K,et al.New guidelines for management of febrile seizures in Japan[J].Brain Dev,2017,39(1):2-9.
[21]SON YY,KIM GH,BYEON JH,et al.Need for lumbar puncture in children younger than 12 months presenting with simple febrile seizure[J].Pediatr Emerg Care,2018,34(3):212-215.
[22]SHAH PB,JAMES S,ELAYARAJA S.EEG for children with complex febrile seizures[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017,10(12):D9196.
[23]KIMIA AA,BACHUR RG,TORRES A,et al.Febrile seizures:emergency medicine perspective[J].Curr Opin Pediatr,2015,27(3):292-297.
[24]MCTAGUE A,MARTLAND T,APPLETON R.Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2018,1(1):D1905.
[25]CHAMBERLAIN J M,OKADA P,HOLSTI M,et al.Lorazepam vs diazepam for pediatric status epilepticus:a randomized clinical trial[J].JAMA,2014,311(16):1652-1660.
[26]PAUL SP,KIRKHAM EN,SHIRT B.Recognition and management of febrile convulsion in children[J].Nurs Stand,2015,29(52):36-43.
[27]OFFRINGA M,NEWTON R,COZIJNSEN MA,et al.Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017,2(2):D3031.
[28]中华医学会儿科学分会神经学组.热性惊厥诊断治疗与管理专家共识(2017实用版)[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,32(18):1379-1382.
[29]SALEHIOMRAN M,HOSEINI SM,JUIBARY AG.Intermittent diazepam versus continuous phenobarbital to prevent recurrence of febrile seizures:a randomized controlled trial[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2016,10(1):21-24.
[30]KAVANAGH FA,HEATON PA,CANNON A,et al.Recognition and management of febrile convulsions in children[J].Br J Nurs,2018,27(20):1156-1162.
[31]LI X,LIN Y,YAO G,et al.The Influence of Vaccine on Febrile Seizure[J].Curr Neuropharmacol,2018,16(1):59-65.
[32]MONFRIES N,GOLDMAN RD.Prophylactic antipyretics for prevention of febrile seizures following vaccination[J].Can Fam Physician,2017,63(2):128-130.
[33]PATEL N,RAM D,SWIDERSKA N,et al.Febrile seizures[J].BMJ,2015,351:h4240.
[2]MEWASINGH LD.Febrile seizures[J].BMJ Clin Evid,2008,2008(5):324.
[3]CANPOLAT M,PER H,GUMUS H,et al.Investigating the prevalence of febrile convulsion in Kayseri,Turkey:An assessment of the risk factors for recurrence of febrile convulsion and for development of epilepsy[J].Seizure,2018,55(2):36-47.
[4]SHARAFI R,HASSANZADEH RA,AMINZADEH V.Circadian rhythm and the seasonal variation in childhood febrile seizure[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2017,11(3):27-30.
[5]KING D,KING A.Question 2:Should children who have a febrile seizure be screened for iron deficiency?[J].Arch Dis Child,2014,99(10):960-964.
[6]SHARAWAT IK,SINGH J,DAWMAN L,et al.Evaluation of risk factors associated with first episode febrile seizure[J].J Clin Diagn Res,2016,10(5):C10-C13.
[7]VEISANI Y,DELPISHEH A,SAYEHMIRI K.Familial history and recurrence of febrile seizures;a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Iran J Pediatr,2013,23(4):389-395.
[8]BUTILA AT,ZAZGYVA A,SIN AI,et al.GABRG2 C588T gene polymorphisms might be a predictive genetic marker of febrile seizures and generalized recurrent seizures:a case-control study in a Romanian pediatric population[J].Arch Med Sci,2018,14(1):157-166.
[9]HUNG KL,LIANG JS,WANG JS,et al.Association of a novel GA-BRG2 splicing variation and a PTGS2/COX-2 single nucleotide polymorphism with Taiwanese febrile seizures[J].Epilepsy Res,2017,129(11):1-7.
[10]GUPTA S,AGGARWAL A,FARIDI MM,et al.Serum Interleukin-6Levels in Children with Febrile Seizures[J].Indian Pediatr,2018,55(5):411-413.
[11]YOUSEFICHAIJAN P,EGHBALI A,RAFEIE M,et al.The relationship between iron deficiency anemia and simple febrile convulsion in children[J].J Pediatr Neurosci,2014,9(2):110-114.
[12]CAMFIELD P,CAMFIELD C.Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+)[J].Epileptic Disord,2015,17(2):124-133.
[13]PATTERSON JL,CARAPETIAN SA,HAGEMAN JR,et al.Febrile seizures[J].Pediatr Ann,2013,42(12):249-254.
[14]DUFFY J,HAMBIDGE SJ,JACKSON LA,et al.Febrile seizure risk after vaccination in children one to five months of age[J].Pediatr Neurol,2017,76(11):72-78.
[15]GHOLIPOOR P,SABOORY E,GHAZAVI A,et al.Prenatal stress potentiates febrile seizure and leads to long-lasting increase in cortisol blood levels in children under 2 years old[J].Epilepsy Behav,2017,72(7):22-27.
[16]AZIZ KT,AHMED N,NAGI AG.Iron deficiency anaemia as risk factor for simple febrile seizures:a case control study[J].J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad,2017,29(2):316-319.
[17]NAMAKIN K,ZARDAST M,SHARIFZADEH G,et al.Serum trace elements in febrile seizure:a case-control study[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2016,10(3):57-60.
[18]刘兰花,郭银娟,张晓莹.小儿高热惊厥的影响因素及有效护理措施[J].海南医学,2018,29(16):2361-2363.
[19]CAPOVILLA G,MASTRANGELO M,ROMEO A,et al.Recommendations for the management of"febrile seizures":Ad Hoc Task Force of LICE Guidelines Commission[J].Epilepsia,2009,50 Suppl1:2-6.
[20]NATSUME J,HAMANO SI,IYODA K,et al.New guidelines for management of febrile seizures in Japan[J].Brain Dev,2017,39(1):2-9.
[21]SON YY,KIM GH,BYEON JH,et al.Need for lumbar puncture in children younger than 12 months presenting with simple febrile seizure[J].Pediatr Emerg Care,2018,34(3):212-215.
[22]SHAH PB,JAMES S,ELAYARAJA S.EEG for children with complex febrile seizures[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017,10(12):D9196.
[23]KIMIA AA,BACHUR RG,TORRES A,et al.Febrile seizures:emergency medicine perspective[J].Curr Opin Pediatr,2015,27(3):292-297.
[24]MCTAGUE A,MARTLAND T,APPLETON R.Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2018,1(1):D1905.
[25]CHAMBERLAIN J M,OKADA P,HOLSTI M,et al.Lorazepam vs diazepam for pediatric status epilepticus:a randomized clinical trial[J].JAMA,2014,311(16):1652-1660.
[26]PAUL SP,KIRKHAM EN,SHIRT B.Recognition and management of febrile convulsion in children[J].Nurs Stand,2015,29(52):36-43.
[27]OFFRINGA M,NEWTON R,COZIJNSEN MA,et al.Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2017,2(2):D3031.
[28]中华医学会儿科学分会神经学组.热性惊厥诊断治疗与管理专家共识(2017实用版)[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,32(18):1379-1382.
[29]SALEHIOMRAN M,HOSEINI SM,JUIBARY AG.Intermittent diazepam versus continuous phenobarbital to prevent recurrence of febrile seizures:a randomized controlled trial[J].Iran J Child Neurol,2016,10(1):21-24.
[30]KAVANAGH FA,HEATON PA,CANNON A,et al.Recognition and management of febrile convulsions in children[J].Br J Nurs,2018,27(20):1156-1162.
[31]LI X,LIN Y,YAO G,et al.The Influence of Vaccine on Febrile Seizure[J].Curr Neuropharmacol,2018,16(1):59-65.
[32]MONFRIES N,GOLDMAN RD.Prophylactic antipyretics for prevention of febrile seizures following vaccination[J].Can Fam Physician,2017,63(2):128-130.
[33]PATEL N,RAM D,SWIDERSKA N,et al.Febrile seizures[J].BMJ,2015,351:h4240.
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