异步-快速-强化浮选工艺提高硫化铜矿石选矿指标
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摘要
基于铜硫矿物分选过程的可浮性差异、浮选速度规律及铜硫矿物嵌布粒度特性,提出了异步-快速-强化浮选分选铜硫的新方法。根据硫化铜矿石的工艺矿物学性质,采用异步粗选、易浮矿物快速浮选—难浮(连生体)矿物选择性再磨后强化精选"的选别流程,以石灰调控矿浆pH值至低碱介质,Z-200为快速浮选铜捕收剂获得含铜20.85%、含银94.56g/t、铜回收率61.69%、银回收率45.93%的铜精矿1,戊基黄药+酯-105为组合捕收剂浮出难浮铜及铜硫连生体矿物并选择性再磨后强化精选获得含铜20.37%、含银130.25g/t、、铜回收率32.88%、银回收率34.51%的铜精矿2。累计铜精矿铜品位20.68%、银品位107.16g/t、铜回收率94.57%、银回收率80.44%。相比原工艺条件下的选别指标,铜、银回收率分别提高3.56和8.74个百分点,新工艺显著改善了浮选过程的稳定性,提高了铜硫分选效率,降低了选矿能耗及成本,属于高效节能的硫化铜矿选矿技术。
Based on the differences in flotability,flotation speed in the separation process of coppersulfur minerals,and the particle size characteristics of copper-sulfur mineral,a new method for the separation of copper and sulfur by asynchronous speed strengthen flotation was proposed.According to the process mineralogy of the copper sulphide ore,the beneficiation process of asynchronous roughing,rapid flotation of easy-floating minerals,selective regrinding and strengthen selecting of refractory aggregate mineral is adopted.The concentrate 1 with copper grate of 20.85%,silver grade of 94.56 g/t,copper recovery rate 61.69%,silver recovery rate 45.93%is obtained by lime adjusting the pH of the slurry to low-alkali medium,and Z-200 as copper collector in fast flotation.The concentrate 2 with copper grade of20.37%,silver grade of 130.25 g/t,copper recovery rate 32.88%,silver recovery rate 34.51%is obtained by Amyl xanthate and Ester-105 as a combination of collectors that floats refractory copper and coppersulphur aggregate minerals and strengthen the cleaning through selectively regrinding.Accumulated copper concentrate with copper grade of 20.68%,silver grade of 107.16 g/t,copper recovery rate 94.57%,silver recovery rate 80.44%is obtained.Compared to the beneficiation index under the original process conditions,the recovery rates of copper and silver have increased by 3.56 and 8.74 percentage points respectively.The new process has significantly improved the stability of the flotation process and the separation efficiency of copper and sulfur,reduced the energy consumption and cost of beneficiation,and is a high-efficiency and energy-saving sulfide copper ore beneficiation technology.
Based on the differences in flotability,flotation speed in the separation process of coppersulfur minerals,and the particle size characteristics of copper-sulfur mineral,a new method for the separation of copper and sulfur by asynchronous speed strengthen flotation was proposed.According to the process mineralogy of the copper sulphide ore,the beneficiation process of asynchronous roughing,rapid flotation of easy-floating minerals,selective regrinding and strengthen selecting of refractory aggregate mineral is adopted.The concentrate 1 with copper grate of 20.85%,silver grade of 94.56 g/t,copper recovery rate 61.69%,silver recovery rate 45.93%is obtained by lime adjusting the pH of the slurry to low-alkali medium,and Z-200 as copper collector in fast flotation.The concentrate 2 with copper grade of20.37%,silver grade of 130.25 g/t,copper recovery rate 32.88%,silver recovery rate 34.51%is obtained by Amyl xanthate and Ester-105 as a combination of collectors that floats refractory copper and coppersulphur aggregate minerals and strengthen the cleaning through selectively regrinding.Accumulated copper concentrate with copper grade of 20.68%,silver grade of 107.16 g/t,copper recovery rate 94.57%,silver recovery rate 80.44%is obtained.Compared to the beneficiation index under the original process conditions,the recovery rates of copper and silver have increased by 3.56 and 8.74 percentage points respectively.The new process has significantly improved the stability of the flotation process and the separation efficiency of copper and sulfur,reduced the energy consumption and cost of beneficiation,and is a high-efficiency and energy-saving sulfide copper ore beneficiation technology.
引文
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[2]方夕辉,张村,夏艳圆.不同因素对黄铜矿、黄铁矿浮选分离动力学影响[J].有色金属科学与工程,2016,7(6):110-114,123.
[3]李俊旺,孙传尧,印万忠,等.应用模糊逻辑研究粒度对方铅矿浮选动力学的影响[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2012,33(2):279-283.
[4]邱仙辉,于洋,张春菊.鞣酸体系下黄铜矿与黄铁矿浮选动力学分析[J].化工进展,2016,35(7):2258-2262.
[5]孙小俊,顾帼华,李建华,等.捕收剂CSU31对黄铜矿和黄铁矿浮选的选择性作用[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(2):406-410.
[6]罗仙平,邱廷省,方夕辉,等.黄铁矿低碱介质高效有机抑制剂的选择及其机理研究[J].江西科学,2001,19(2):79-83.
[7]LIU GUANG-YI,ZHONG HONG,XIA LIU-YIN,et al.Improving copper flotation recovery from a refractory copper porphyry ore by using ethoxycarbonyl thiourea as a collector[J].Minerals Engineering,2011,24:817-824.
[8]YANG FAN,SUN WEI,HU YUE-HUA.QSARanalysis of selectivity in flotation of chalcopyrite from pyrite for xanthate derivatives:Xanthogen formates and thionocarbamates[J].Minerals Engineering,2012,39:140-148.
[9]刘广义,钟宏,戴塔根.乙氧羰基硫代氨基甲酸酯弱碱性条件下优先选铜[J].中国有色金属学报,2006,16(6):1108-1114.
[10]简胜,张晶,乔吉波,等.云南某铜矿低碱条件下选矿工艺流程研究[J].矿冶工程,2013,33(4):63-66.
[11]罗仙平,王鹏程,曹志明,等.西藏玉龙铜矿硫化铜矿石选矿试验研究[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(6):58-61.
[12]罗仙平,王金庆,曹志明,等.浮选粒度及浓度对铅锌硫化矿浮选分离的影响[J].稀有金属,2018,42(3):307-314.
[13]邓禾淼,康怀斌,肖庆飞.改善冬瓜山铜矿磨矿效果提高铜回收率的研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2017(1):65-68.
[14]陈泉源,张泾生,王淀佐.气泡与颗粒作用研究新进展[J].国外金属矿选矿,2001(2):17-19,24.
[15]廖德华,鲁军,石仑雷,等.云南某低品位斑岩型硫化铜矿选矿试验研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2014(2):5-8.
[16]杨晶,聂琪,冯致,等.强化磨矿提高低品位细粒嵌布砂岩铜矿选矿指标[J].矿冶,2011,20(1):20-23.
[17]肖庆飞,沈传刚,康怀斌.优化大山选矿厂磨矿粒度组成提高铜浮选指标[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2016(4):21-23.