扰动和加藻共同作用下太湖沉积物中形态磷变化规律
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摘要
为了阐明反复扰动下,不同初始浓度藻对沉积物中各形态磷释放的影响.以太湖梅梁湾沉积物和上覆水作为研究材料,探讨了扰动和藻类共同作用下沉积物中各形态磷的变化规律.结果表明,无扰动状态下,NH4Cl-P和Res-P均有所降低,而Fe/Al-P和Ca-P则有所增加.其中,Ca-P随藻类初始浓度增加而增加,分别增加48%、66%、74%.但是,扰动状态下,NH4Cl-P和Res-P也明显降低.Fe/Al-P明显增加,其占总磷的百分比为66.2%(3组试验的平均值)高于不扰动状态(53.4%,3组试验的平均值);此外,Ca-P占总磷的百分比为24.1%(3组扰动试验的平均值)明显低于不扰动状态(33.0%,3组试验的平均值).这暗示了扰动和藻类共同作用下促进了Fe/Al-P的形成,而无扰动下藻类却促进了Ca-P的形成.
Sedimentary phosphorus forms were investigated to clarify the release of sedimentary phosphorus forms under the repeated disturbance with the addition of algae at different initial concentrations. The sediments and overlying water were taken from the Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake. The results showed that the concentrations of NH4Cl-P and Res-P decreased,while the content of Fe / Al-P and CaP increased without disturbance. In addition,the Ca-P increased with the increase of the initial concentration of algae and the net increase of Ca-P increased by 48%( 30 μg·L~(-1)),66%( 60 μg·L~(-1)),74%( 120 μg·L~(-1)),respectively. However,under the disturbance,the NH_4Cl-P and Res-P were significantly reduced,the Fe / Al-P increased significantly. The percentage of Fe / Al-P to Tot-P was up to 66. 2%( average of the 3 experiments with the addition of algae of 30 μg·L~(-1),60 μg·L~(-1)and 120 μg·L~(-1)),it was higher than the value( 53. 4%,average of the 3 experiments) without the disturbance. Moreover,under the disturbance,the percentage of Ca-P to Tot-P was 24. 1%( average of the 3 experiments with the addition of algae of 30 μg·L~(-1),60 μg·L~(-1)and 120μg·L~(-1)) and it was slightly lower than that( 33. 0%,average of the 3 experiments) without the disturbance. It is suggested that the coexistence of disturbance and algae facilitated the formation of Fe / Al-P,but the algae accelerated the formation of Ca-P without disturbance.
Sedimentary phosphorus forms were investigated to clarify the release of sedimentary phosphorus forms under the repeated disturbance with the addition of algae at different initial concentrations. The sediments and overlying water were taken from the Meiliang Bay in Taihu Lake. The results showed that the concentrations of NH4Cl-P and Res-P decreased,while the content of Fe / Al-P and CaP increased without disturbance. In addition,the Ca-P increased with the increase of the initial concentration of algae and the net increase of Ca-P increased by 48%( 30 μg·L~(-1)),66%( 60 μg·L~(-1)),74%( 120 μg·L~(-1)),respectively. However,under the disturbance,the NH_4Cl-P and Res-P were significantly reduced,the Fe / Al-P increased significantly. The percentage of Fe / Al-P to Tot-P was up to 66. 2%( average of the 3 experiments with the addition of algae of 30 μg·L~(-1),60 μg·L~(-1)and 120 μg·L~(-1)),it was higher than the value( 53. 4%,average of the 3 experiments) without the disturbance. Moreover,under the disturbance,the percentage of Ca-P to Tot-P was 24. 1%( average of the 3 experiments with the addition of algae of 30 μg·L~(-1),60 μg·L~(-1)and 120μg·L~(-1)) and it was slightly lower than that( 33. 0%,average of the 3 experiments) without the disturbance. It is suggested that the coexistence of disturbance and algae facilitated the formation of Fe / Al-P,but the algae accelerated the formation of Ca-P without disturbance.
引文
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[18]颜润润,逄勇,陈晓峰,等.不同风等级扰动对贫富营养下铜绿微囊藻生长的影响[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2749-2753.
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[23]李大鹏,黄勇.太湖梅梁湾和月亮湾春夏两季沉积物扰动下BAPP的转化规律[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(10):2766-2773.
[24]黄清辉,王子健,王东红,等.夏季梅梁湾水体中生物有效磷的分布及来源[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2005,35(Z2):131-137.
[25]李大鹏,王晶,黄勇.沉积物扰动下太湖月亮湾中生物有效磷的变化规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(4):792-797.
[26]史晓丹,李大鹏,王忍,等.物理和摇蚊幼虫组合扰动对内源磷再生和形态转化的协同作用[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):955-962.
[27]李大鹏,黄勇.扰动强度对太湖沉积物中磷释放及其形态转化的影响[J].环境科学,2012,33(8):2614-2620.
[28]Bostrm B,Andersen J M,Fleischer S,et al.Exchange of phosphorus across the sediment-water interface[J].Hydrobiologia,1988,170(1):229-244.
[29]武晓飞,李大鹏,汪明.沉积物短期扰动下BAPP再生和转化机制[J].环境科学,2014,35(1):171-178.
[30]张胜花,常军军,孙珮石.水体藻类磷代谢及藻体磷矿化研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1250-1254.
[2]赵建刚,乔永民.汕头湾沉积物磷的形态分布与季节变化特征研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):1823-1831.
[3]金晓丹,吴昊,陈志明,等.长江河口水库沉积物磷形态、吸附和释放特性[J].环境科学,2015,36(2):448-456.
[4]Neal C,Neal M,Leeks G J L,et al.Suspended sediment and particulate phosphorus in surface waters of the upper Thames Basin,UK[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,330(1-2):142-154.
[5]尤本胜,王同成,范成新,等.太湖草型湖区沉积物再悬浮对水体营养盐的影响[J].环境科学,2008,29(1):26-31.
[6]李大鹏,黄勇,李伟光.再悬浮条件下底泥中磷赋存形态的转化研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(5):1289-1294.
[7]李大鹏,王晶,黄勇.反复扰动下磷在沉积物和悬浮物以及上覆水间的交换[J].环境科学,2013,34(6):2191-2197.
[8]熊强,焦立新,王圣瑞,等.滇池沉积物有机磷垂直分布特征及其生物有效性[J].环境科学,2014,35(11):4118-4126.
[9]Cyr H,Ma Cabe S K,Nürnberg G K.Phosphorus sorption experiments and the potential for internal phosphorus loading in littoral areas of a stratified lake[J].Water Research,2009,43(6):1654-1666.
[10]汪明,武晓飞,李大鹏,等.太湖梅梁湾不同形态磷周年变化规律及藻类响应研究[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):80-86.
[11]Yuan H Z,Shen J,Liu E F,et al.Characteristic of phosphorus release with the control of p H of sediments from Meiliang Bay,Lake Taihu[J].Lake Sciences,2009,21(5):663-668.
[12]Ellison M E,Brett M T.Particulate phosphorus bioavailability as a function of stream flow and land cover[J].Water Research,2006,40(6):1258-1268.
[13]Zhu M Y,Zhu G W,Li W,et al.Estimation of the algalavailable phosphorus pool in sediments of a large,shallow eutrophic lake(Taihu,China)using profiled SMT fractional analysis[J].Environmental Pollution,2013,173:216-223.
[14]Hieltjes A H M,Lijklema L.Fractionation of inorganic phosphates in calcareous sediments[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,1980,9(3):405-407.
[15]秦伯强,胡维平,陈伟民,等.太湖梅梁湾水动力及相关过程的研究[J].湖泊科学,2000,12(4):327-334.
[16]丁玲,逢勇,李凌,等.水动力条件下藻类动态模拟[J].生态学报,2005,25(8):1863-1868.
[17]Hu W P,Jrgensen S E,Zhang F B,et al.A model on the carbon cycling in Lake Taihu,China[J].Ecological Modelling,2011,222(16):2973-2991.
[18]颜润润,逄勇,陈晓峰,等.不同风等级扰动对贫富营养下铜绿微囊藻生长的影响[J].环境科学,2008,29(10):2749-2753.
[19]Pannard A,Bormans M,Lagadeuc Y.Short-term variability in physical forcing in temperate reservoirs:effects on phytoplankton dynamics and sedimentary fluxes[J].Freshwater Biology,2007,52(1):12-27.
[20]李大鹏,黄勇.底泥扰动状态下内源磷释放过程模拟研究[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(5):993-997.
[21]Lake B A,Coolidge K M,Norton S A,et al.Factors contributing to the internal loading of phosphorus from anoxic sediments in six Maine,USA,lakes[J].Science of the Total Environment,2007,373(2-3):534-541.
[22]Wang S R,Jin X C,Zhao H C,et al.Effect of organic matter on the sorption of dissolved organic and inorganic phosphorus in lake sediments[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2007,297(1-3):154-162.
[23]李大鹏,黄勇.太湖梅梁湾和月亮湾春夏两季沉积物扰动下BAPP的转化规律[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(10):2766-2773.
[24]黄清辉,王子健,王东红,等.夏季梅梁湾水体中生物有效磷的分布及来源[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2005,35(Z2):131-137.
[25]李大鹏,王晶,黄勇.沉积物扰动下太湖月亮湾中生物有效磷的变化规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(4):792-797.
[26]史晓丹,李大鹏,王忍,等.物理和摇蚊幼虫组合扰动对内源磷再生和形态转化的协同作用[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):955-962.
[27]李大鹏,黄勇.扰动强度对太湖沉积物中磷释放及其形态转化的影响[J].环境科学,2012,33(8):2614-2620.
[28]Bostrm B,Andersen J M,Fleischer S,et al.Exchange of phosphorus across the sediment-water interface[J].Hydrobiologia,1988,170(1):229-244.
[29]武晓飞,李大鹏,汪明.沉积物短期扰动下BAPP再生和转化机制[J].环境科学,2014,35(1):171-178.
[30]张胜花,常军军,孙珮石.水体藻类磷代谢及藻体磷矿化研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1250-1254.