温度对黑色石灰土原土及不同粒径土壤颗粒有机碳矿化的影响
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摘要
为探究黑色石灰土原土及不同粒径土壤颗粒有机碳矿化的差异及其对温度的响应,加深对喀斯特地区土壤有机碳矿化的认识,在15、25、35℃3种温度条件下,研究黑色石灰土原土及粗颗粒、微团聚体、单粉粒3种粒径土壤颗粒有机碳矿化速率、有机碳累积矿化量、可矿化有机碳分配比例、有机碳矿化温度系数(Q_(10))和动力学方程参数的差异及温度和粒径对有机碳矿化的交互影响。结果表明,6次筛分所占比例合计达到96.58%,表明试验筛分过程可靠性和重现性良好。粗颗粒有机碳含量最高(80.68 g/kg),分别是原土、微团聚体和单粉粒的1.28倍、1.59倍和1.60倍。培养期内黑色石灰土原土和3种粒径土壤颗粒有机碳矿化速率峰值均出现在第1天,此后迅速下降,并在第8天趋于稳定。15、25、35℃温度下,黑色石灰土原土和不同粒径土壤颗粒有机碳累积矿化量均表现出微团聚体>单粉粒>黑色石灰土原土>粗颗粒的规律,表明微团聚体有机碳在有机碳矿化中的贡献较大,而粗颗粒有机碳贡献较小。土壤可矿化有机碳的分配比例依次排序为微团聚体>单粉粒>黑色石灰土原土>粗颗粒,固碳能力相应排序为粗颗粒>黑色石灰土原土>单粉粒>微团聚体。黑色石灰土原土、粗颗粒、微团聚体、单粉粒的Q_(10)平均值分别为1.12、1.19、1.14、1.25(>25℃)和1.36、1.26、1.22、1.39(<25℃),表明低温下升温比高温时升温更能促进土壤有机碳的矿化。一级动力学方程拟合结果表明,同一培养温度条件下,土壤有机碳潜在矿化量依次排序为微团聚体>单粉粒>黑色石灰土原土>粗颗粒,且均随着培养温度增加而增加。双因素方差分析表明,温度显著影响黑色石灰土原土及不同粒径土壤颗粒有机碳的矿化比例和累积矿化量。
To explore the differences and responses of organic carbon mineralization of rendzina and different soil particles under different temperature,and to reinforce the knowledge of soil organic carbon mineralization in Karst area,the differences of organic carbon mineralization rate,accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon,distribution ratio of minerable organic carbon,temperature coefficient,parameters of the kinetic equations of rendzina and different soil particles under 15,25,35 ℃,and interaction of temperature and size on organic carbon mineralization were studied.The results showed that,the total ratio of 6 screening was 96.58%,which indicates that the screening process was reliable and reproducible.The content of coarse unprotected particulate organic matter was the highest(80.68 g/kg),which was 1.28,1.59,1.60 times higher than that of rendzina,microaggregate fraction,silt-sized fraction,respectively.the value peak of organic carbon mineralization rate of rendzina and different soil particles appeared on the first day of incubation,then decreased rapidly,plateaued on the 8 th day of incubation.The accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon of rendzina and different soil particles under 15,25,35 ℃ ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,which indicated that the contribution of microaggregate fraction to soil organic carbon mineralization was larger and coarse unprotected particulate organic matter was smaller.The distribution ratio of minerable organic carbon ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,then the carbon fixation ability ranked as coarse unprotected particulate organic matter>rendzina>silt-sized fraction>microaggregate fraction accordingly.The mean temperture cofficient values of rendzina,coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,microaggregate fraction and silt-sized fraction were 1.12,1.19,1.14,1.25(>25 ℃) respectively,and 1.36,1.26,1.22,1.39(<25 ℃) respectively,which indicated that when the temperature rised at lower temperature could promote the soil organic carbon mineralization much more than higher temperature.The result of first-order kinetics equation showed that,under the same temperature,the amount of potentially mineralizable organic carbon ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,and all of them were increased with raise of temperature.Two-factor variance analysis showed that temperature significantly affected distribution ratio and accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon of rendzina and different soil particles.
To explore the differences and responses of organic carbon mineralization of rendzina and different soil particles under different temperature,and to reinforce the knowledge of soil organic carbon mineralization in Karst area,the differences of organic carbon mineralization rate,accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon,distribution ratio of minerable organic carbon,temperature coefficient,parameters of the kinetic equations of rendzina and different soil particles under 15,25,35 ℃,and interaction of temperature and size on organic carbon mineralization were studied.The results showed that,the total ratio of 6 screening was 96.58%,which indicates that the screening process was reliable and reproducible.The content of coarse unprotected particulate organic matter was the highest(80.68 g/kg),which was 1.28,1.59,1.60 times higher than that of rendzina,microaggregate fraction,silt-sized fraction,respectively.the value peak of organic carbon mineralization rate of rendzina and different soil particles appeared on the first day of incubation,then decreased rapidly,plateaued on the 8 th day of incubation.The accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon of rendzina and different soil particles under 15,25,35 ℃ ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,which indicated that the contribution of microaggregate fraction to soil organic carbon mineralization was larger and coarse unprotected particulate organic matter was smaller.The distribution ratio of minerable organic carbon ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,then the carbon fixation ability ranked as coarse unprotected particulate organic matter>rendzina>silt-sized fraction>microaggregate fraction accordingly.The mean temperture cofficient values of rendzina,coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,microaggregate fraction and silt-sized fraction were 1.12,1.19,1.14,1.25(>25 ℃) respectively,and 1.36,1.26,1.22,1.39(<25 ℃) respectively,which indicated that when the temperature rised at lower temperature could promote the soil organic carbon mineralization much more than higher temperature.The result of first-order kinetics equation showed that,under the same temperature,the amount of potentially mineralizable organic carbon ranked as microaggregate fraction>silt-sized fraction>rendzina>coarse unprotected particulate organic matter,and all of them were increased with raise of temperature.Two-factor variance analysis showed that temperature significantly affected distribution ratio and accumulative mineralization amount of organic carbon of rendzina and different soil particles.
引文
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[5] 王莲阁,高岩红,丁长欢,等. 变温环境对典型石灰土有机碳矿化的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(11):4291-4297.
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[14] DAVIDSON E A,JANSSENS I A.Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change[J].Nature,2006,440(7081):165-173.
[15] 张薇,王子芳,王辉,等.土壤水分和植物残体对紫色水稻土有机碳矿化的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(6):1013-1019.
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[17] WANG X W, LI X Z,HU Y M,et al.Effect of temperature and moisture on soil organic carbon mineralization of predominantly permafrost in the Great Hing’an Mountains,Northeastern China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2010,22(7):1057-1066.
[18] LI L J,YOU M Y.Soil CO2 emissions from a cultivated Mollisol:Effects of organic amendments,soil temperature,and moisture[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2013,55:83-90.
[19] XU X,ZHOU Y,RUAN H H,et al.Temperature sensitivity increasas with soil organic carbon recalcitrance along an elevational gradient in the Wuyi Mountains,China[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2010,42:1811-1815.
[20] 王峰,陈玉真,尤志明,等.培养温度对不同类型茶园土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J].福建农业学报,2016,31(9):993-999.
[21] HASSINK J.Density fractions of soil macro-organic matter and microbial biomass as predictors of C and N mineralization[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,1995,27(8):1099-1108.
[22] 刘晶,田耀武,张巧明.豫西黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤团聚体有机碳含量及其矿化特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):254-261.
[23] 郭振,王小利,段建军,等.贵州黄壤性水稻土不同粒径有机碳之间的矿化差异[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(14):223-226,235.
[24] 李建华,李华,郜春花,等.长期施肥对晋东南矿区复垦土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳分布的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(5):188-194.
[25] STEWART C E,PLANTE A F,PAUSTIAN K,et al.Soil carbon saturation:Linking concept and measurable carbon pools[J].Soil Science Society of American Journal,2008,72(2):379-392.
[26] STEWART C E,PAUSTIAN K,CONANT R T,et al.Soil carbon saturation:Implications for measurable carbon pool dynamics in long-term incubations[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2009,41:357-366.
[27] GOYAL S,CHANDER K,MUNDRA M C,et al.Influence of inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments on soil organic matter and soil microbial properties under tropical conditions[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,1999,29:196-200.
[28] 吴萌,李忠佩,冯有智,等.长期施肥处理下不同类型水稻土有机碳矿化的动态差异[J].中国农业科学,2016,49 (9):1705-1714.
[29] 李顺姬,邱莉萍,张兴昌.黄土高原土壤有机碳矿化及其与土壤理化性质的关系[J].生态学报,2010,30(5):1217-1226.
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