综合成岩作用和孔隙形状的岩石物理模型及其应用
|
摘要
横波速度对于地震模拟、AVO分析以及流体识别具有重要意义,实际测井数据中横波速度信息缺乏,因此横波速度预测已经成为岩石物理研究的一个焦点。综合Xu-White模型以及Pride模型,提出了一种新的用于计算干岩石模量的岩石物理模型。该模型综合考虑了孔隙形状和成岩作用对干岩石体积模量、剪切模量的影响,因此该模型更加合理并具有更高的精度。同时联合Gassmann理论,建立了饱和流体岩石的纵波、横波速度计算模型。将该模型成功地应用于实验室测量数据和实际测井数据的横波速度预测中,预测结果表明,基于本文提出的岩石物理模型的横波速度预测方法是行之有效的。
Shear wave velocity plays an important role in seismic modeling,AVO analysis and fluid identification.However,realistic well logging data lack shear wave information,so shear wave velocity prediction becomes concentrated on rock physics research.Integrating K-T model and Pride model,the authors propose in this papera new rock physics model which is used to calculate dry rock moduli.The new rock physics model proposed in this paper integrates effects of pore shape and diagenesis to bulk modulus and shear modulus of dry rock,so it is more rational and its accuracy is high.At the same time,in combination with Gassmann theory,P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity model of fluid saturated rock is established.The model is applied to S-wave velocity predicting of measured data in lab and realistic well logging data.The predicted results demonstrate that S-wave velocity prediction based on the new rock physics model proposed in this paper is effective.
Shear wave velocity plays an important role in seismic modeling,AVO analysis and fluid identification.However,realistic well logging data lack shear wave information,so shear wave velocity prediction becomes concentrated on rock physics research.Integrating K-T model and Pride model,the authors propose in this papera new rock physics model which is used to calculate dry rock moduli.The new rock physics model proposed in this paper integrates effects of pore shape and diagenesis to bulk modulus and shear modulus of dry rock,so it is more rational and its accuracy is high.At the same time,in combination with Gassmann theory,P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity model of fluid saturated rock is established.The model is applied to S-wave velocity predicting of measured data in lab and realistic well logging data.The predicted results demonstrate that S-wave velocity prediction based on the new rock physics model proposed in this paper is effective.
引文
[1]印兴耀,王慧欣,曹丹平,等.利用三参数AVO近似方程的深层叠前地震反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(1):129-135.Yin X Y,Wang H X,Cao D P,et al. Three term AVO approximation of Kf-Km-ρand prestack seismic inversion for deep reservoirs[J].OGP,2018,53(1):129-135.
[2] Castagna J P,Batzle M,Eastwood R.Relationships between compressional-wave and shear-wave velocities in clastic silicate rocks[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):571-581.
[3] Han D,Nur A,Morgan D. Effect of porosity and clay content on wave velocity in sandstones[J]. Geophysics,1986,51(11):2093-2107.
[4] Krief M,Garat J,Stellingwerff J,et al.A petrophysical interpretation using the velocities of P and S waves(full-waveform sonic)[J].The Log Analyst,1990,31(6):355-369.
[5] Raymer L L,Hunt E R,Gardner J S.An improved sonic transit time to porosity transform[C]//21stAnnual Logging Symposium Transactions,Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1980.
[6] Greenberg M L,Castagna J P. Shear-wave velocity estimation in porous rocks:Theoretical formulation,preliminary verification and applications[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1992,40(2):195-209.
[7] Gassmann F.ber die Elastizitt por9ser Medien[J].Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesselschaft in Zürich,1951,96:1-23.
[8] Castagna J P.AVO analysis-tutorial and review in offset dependent reflectivity theory and practice of AVO analysis[G]//Castagna J P,Backus M. Investigations in Geophysics:No. 8. Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1993.
[9] Xu S,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocity prediction[C]//Vienna:Extended Abstracts of 56thEAEG meeting,1994:117.
[10] Xu S,White R E.A new velocity model for clay-sand mixtures[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(1):91-118.
[11] Xu S,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocity prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(4):687-717.
[12] Kuster G T,Toks9z M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part 1,Theoretical formulations[J].Geophysics,1974,39(5):587-606.
[13] Nishizawa O.Seismic velocity anisotropy in a medium containing oriented cracks transversely isotropic case[J]. Journal of the Physical Earth,1982,30(4):331-347.
[14]郭栋,印兴耀,吴国忱.横波速度计算方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):535-538.Guo D,Yin X Y,Wu G C.Computational approach of S-wave velocity and application[J].OGP,2007,42(5):535-538.
[15]乔悦东,高云峰,安鸿伟.基于Xu-White模型的优化测井横波速度预测技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报:江汉石油学院学报,2007,29(5):100-105.Qiao Y D,Gao Y F,An H W. Study and application of optimal technique of shear-wave velocity prediction based on Xu-White model[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):100-105.
[16]郑旭桢,王涛,刘钊,等.泥岩基质弹性参数对Xu-White模型横波速度估算的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(5):990-998.Zheng X Z,Wang T,Liu Z,et al.Influence of clay elastic parameters on S-wave velocity estimation based on Xu-White model[J].OGP,2017,52(5):990-998.
[17] Keys R G,Xu S.An approximation for the Xu-White velocity model[J].Geophysics,2002,67(5):1406-1414.
[18] Xu S,Payne M A.Modeling elastic properties in carbonate rocks[J].The Leading Edge,2009,28(1):66-74.
[19] Yin X Y,Li C C,Zhang G Z,et al.Estimation of S-wave velocity in carbonate rocks using the modified Xu-White model[C]//Vienna:73rdEAGE Conference&Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC,2011:D003.
[20] Wang H,Sun Z,Yang H,et al.Velocity prediction and secondarypores quantitative inversion for complex carbonate reservoir[C]//Vienna:73rdEAGE Conference&Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC,2011:D002.
[21] Avseth P,Mukerji T,Mavko G.Quantitative seismic interpretation:applying rock physics tools to reduce interpretation risk[M]. New York:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[22] Pride S R.Relationships between seismic and hydrological properties[G]//Rubin Y,Hubbard S.Hydrogeophysics.New York:Kluwer Academy,2005:217-255.
[23] Lee M W.Proposed moduli of dry rock and their application to predicting elastic velocities of sandstones[R]. U. S. Geological Survey,Scientific Investigations,2005:2005-5119.
[24] Lee M W.A simple method of predicting S-wave velocity[J].Geophysics,2006,71(1):F161-F164.
[25]侯波,陈小宏,张孝珍.临界孔隙度Pride模型及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(2):277-281.Hou B,Chen X H,Zhang X Z.Critical porosity pride model and its application[J].OGP,2012,47(2):277-281.
[26]孙福利,杨长春,麻三怀,等.横波速度预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):470-474.Sun F L,Yang C C,Ma S H,et al. An S-wave velocity predicted method[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):470-474.
[27]李琳,马劲风,张宪旭.孔隙裂隙型砂岩横波速度预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):1065-1074.Li L,Ma J F,Zhang X X.S-wave velocity prediction in sandstones[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):1065-1074.
[28]张佳佳,李宏兵,刘怀山,等.几种岩石骨架模型的适用性研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(5):1697-1702.Zhang J J,Li H B,Liu H S,et al.Accuracy of dry frame models in the study of rock physics[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(5):1697-1702.
[29] Jrstad A,Mukerji T,Mavko G.Model-based shear-wave velocity estimation versus empirical regressions[J]. Geophysical Prospecting,1999,47(5):785-797.
[30] Hill R.The elastic behavior of crystalline aggregate[M].London:Proceedings of the Physical Society,1952,A65:349-354.
[31] Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Bayesian inference,Gibbs sampler and uncertainty estimation in geophysical inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(2):313-350.
[32] Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.The rock physics handbook:tools for seismic analysis in Porous media[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998.
[2] Castagna J P,Batzle M,Eastwood R.Relationships between compressional-wave and shear-wave velocities in clastic silicate rocks[J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):571-581.
[3] Han D,Nur A,Morgan D. Effect of porosity and clay content on wave velocity in sandstones[J]. Geophysics,1986,51(11):2093-2107.
[4] Krief M,Garat J,Stellingwerff J,et al.A petrophysical interpretation using the velocities of P and S waves(full-waveform sonic)[J].The Log Analyst,1990,31(6):355-369.
[5] Raymer L L,Hunt E R,Gardner J S.An improved sonic transit time to porosity transform[C]//21stAnnual Logging Symposium Transactions,Society of Professional Well Log Analysts,1980.
[6] Greenberg M L,Castagna J P. Shear-wave velocity estimation in porous rocks:Theoretical formulation,preliminary verification and applications[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1992,40(2):195-209.
[7] Gassmann F.ber die Elastizitt por9ser Medien[J].Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesselschaft in Zürich,1951,96:1-23.
[8] Castagna J P.AVO analysis-tutorial and review in offset dependent reflectivity theory and practice of AVO analysis[G]//Castagna J P,Backus M. Investigations in Geophysics:No. 8. Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1993.
[9] Xu S,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocity prediction[C]//Vienna:Extended Abstracts of 56thEAEG meeting,1994:117.
[10] Xu S,White R E.A new velocity model for clay-sand mixtures[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1995,43(1):91-118.
[11] Xu S,White R E.A physical model for shear-wave velocity prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(4):687-717.
[12] Kuster G T,Toks9z M N.Velocity and attenuation of seismic waves in two-phase media:Part 1,Theoretical formulations[J].Geophysics,1974,39(5):587-606.
[13] Nishizawa O.Seismic velocity anisotropy in a medium containing oriented cracks transversely isotropic case[J]. Journal of the Physical Earth,1982,30(4):331-347.
[14]郭栋,印兴耀,吴国忱.横波速度计算方法与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):535-538.Guo D,Yin X Y,Wu G C.Computational approach of S-wave velocity and application[J].OGP,2007,42(5):535-538.
[15]乔悦东,高云峰,安鸿伟.基于Xu-White模型的优化测井横波速度预测技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报:江汉石油学院学报,2007,29(5):100-105.Qiao Y D,Gao Y F,An H W. Study and application of optimal technique of shear-wave velocity prediction based on Xu-White model[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(5):100-105.
[16]郑旭桢,王涛,刘钊,等.泥岩基质弹性参数对Xu-White模型横波速度估算的影响[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(5):990-998.Zheng X Z,Wang T,Liu Z,et al.Influence of clay elastic parameters on S-wave velocity estimation based on Xu-White model[J].OGP,2017,52(5):990-998.
[17] Keys R G,Xu S.An approximation for the Xu-White velocity model[J].Geophysics,2002,67(5):1406-1414.
[18] Xu S,Payne M A.Modeling elastic properties in carbonate rocks[J].The Leading Edge,2009,28(1):66-74.
[19] Yin X Y,Li C C,Zhang G Z,et al.Estimation of S-wave velocity in carbonate rocks using the modified Xu-White model[C]//Vienna:73rdEAGE Conference&Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC,2011:D003.
[20] Wang H,Sun Z,Yang H,et al.Velocity prediction and secondarypores quantitative inversion for complex carbonate reservoir[C]//Vienna:73rdEAGE Conference&Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC,2011:D002.
[21] Avseth P,Mukerji T,Mavko G.Quantitative seismic interpretation:applying rock physics tools to reduce interpretation risk[M]. New York:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[22] Pride S R.Relationships between seismic and hydrological properties[G]//Rubin Y,Hubbard S.Hydrogeophysics.New York:Kluwer Academy,2005:217-255.
[23] Lee M W.Proposed moduli of dry rock and their application to predicting elastic velocities of sandstones[R]. U. S. Geological Survey,Scientific Investigations,2005:2005-5119.
[24] Lee M W.A simple method of predicting S-wave velocity[J].Geophysics,2006,71(1):F161-F164.
[25]侯波,陈小宏,张孝珍.临界孔隙度Pride模型及其应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(2):277-281.Hou B,Chen X H,Zhang X Z.Critical porosity pride model and its application[J].OGP,2012,47(2):277-281.
[26]孙福利,杨长春,麻三怀,等.横波速度预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):470-474.Sun F L,Yang C C,Ma S H,et al. An S-wave velocity predicted method[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):470-474.
[27]李琳,马劲风,张宪旭.孔隙裂隙型砂岩横波速度预测方法[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(3):1065-1074.Li L,Ma J F,Zhang X X.S-wave velocity prediction in sandstones[J].Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(3):1065-1074.
[28]张佳佳,李宏兵,刘怀山,等.几种岩石骨架模型的适用性研究[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(5):1697-1702.Zhang J J,Li H B,Liu H S,et al.Accuracy of dry frame models in the study of rock physics[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2010,25(5):1697-1702.
[29] Jrstad A,Mukerji T,Mavko G.Model-based shear-wave velocity estimation versus empirical regressions[J]. Geophysical Prospecting,1999,47(5):785-797.
[30] Hill R.The elastic behavior of crystalline aggregate[M].London:Proceedings of the Physical Society,1952,A65:349-354.
[31] Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Bayesian inference,Gibbs sampler and uncertainty estimation in geophysical inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(2):313-350.
[32] Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.The rock physics handbook:tools for seismic analysis in Porous media[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998.