透光混凝土基LED主动发光交通标线的光纤设置
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摘要
为提高交通标线的可视化、智能化与信息化水平,将透光混凝土引入公路领域,构建一种透光混凝土基发光二极管(LED)主动发光交通标线.采用方差分析与多重比较法分析了4类通用光纤的物理性能、导光性能与经济性,选定PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)光纤作为导光材料.通过LED光强分布曲线与光波在光纤中的传播机理,确定了光纤直径的理论计算值;基于直径1～8 mm的PMMA光纤导光率的实测数据,采用S型曲线拟合PMMA光纤导光率与直径之间的函数关系,符合0.05的卡方拟合优度检验,且实测值与理论分析结果一致,选定直径6 mm的PMMA光纤.基于LED主动发光交通标线在不同环境照度、光源颜色、光纤掺量条件下的实测静态视认距离,采用对数回归模型,计算确定设计速度为60～120 km·h~(-1)时光纤掺量的合理范围是2～6 pcs.
To improve the visualization, intelligence and informatization level of traffic markings, light-transmitting concrete is introduced to highway field, and the light emitting diode(LED) active-luminous traffic marking based on light-transmitting concrete is constructed. The analysis of variance and multiple comparison methods are used to analyze the physical property, light-transmitting rate and economy of the four types of general-purpose fiber-optic. As a result, Polymethyl Methacrylate(PMMA) fiber-optic is selected as the light-transmitting material. After that, theoretical diameter is determined according to the light-intensity distribution curve and the light-propagation path in fiber-optic. Based on the measured data of 1～8 mm PMMA fiber-optic, the S-shaped curve can effectively fit the change trend of light-transmitting rate with fiber-optic diameter, and it is consistent with the theoretical analysis results. Therefore the PMMA fiber-optic diameter is determined to be 6 mm. Based on the measured visible distance of the LED active-luminous traffic marking under different brightness, color and dosage, using logarithmic regression model, the reasonable fiber-optic dosage is determined to be 2～6 pcs when the design speed is 60～120 km·h~(-1).
To improve the visualization, intelligence and informatization level of traffic markings, light-transmitting concrete is introduced to highway field, and the light emitting diode(LED) active-luminous traffic marking based on light-transmitting concrete is constructed. The analysis of variance and multiple comparison methods are used to analyze the physical property, light-transmitting rate and economy of the four types of general-purpose fiber-optic. As a result, Polymethyl Methacrylate(PMMA) fiber-optic is selected as the light-transmitting material. After that, theoretical diameter is determined according to the light-intensity distribution curve and the light-propagation path in fiber-optic. Based on the measured data of 1～8 mm PMMA fiber-optic, the S-shaped curve can effectively fit the change trend of light-transmitting rate with fiber-optic diameter, and it is consistent with the theoretical analysis results. Therefore the PMMA fiber-optic diameter is determined to be 6 mm. Based on the measured visible distance of the LED active-luminous traffic marking under different brightness, color and dosage, using logarithmic regression model, the reasonable fiber-optic dosage is determined to be 2～6 pcs when the design speed is 60～120 km·h~(-1).
引文
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[2] 戚华庭,叶蓉.雨夜反光标线和雨夜反光珠应用研究[J].交通标准化,2011(19):80.QI Huating,YE Rong.Analysis on application of dirty-night light-reflective road mark and dirty-night reflection pearl [J].Transportation Standardization,2011(19):80.
[3] 李大茂,张国辉,冯志秀,等.道路交通标线雨夜可视性测试方法国内外研究进展[J].公路交通科技(应用技术版),2017,13(2):241.LI Damao,ZHANG Guohui,FENG Zhixiu,et al.Research progress on rainy night visibility test method for road traffic markings at home and abroad [J].Journal of highway and transportation research and development (Technology),2017,13(2):241.
[4] 吕兴栋,盖国胜,余泉茂,等.蓄光型发光材料的应用改性研究进展[J].现代化工,2007(10):16.Lü Xingdong,GAI Guosheng,YU Quanmao,et al.Progress in modification research for application of persistent phosphors [J].Modern Chemical Industry,2007(10):16.
[5] 吕宁生.农村公路自发光交通安全标识研究[C]//中国公路学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:《中国公路》杂志社,2013,7:237-243.Lü Ningsheng.Research on self-illuminated traffic safety signs of rural roads [C]// Proceedings of the 2013 annual meeting of China highway society.Beijing:China Highway Magazine,2013,7:237-243.
[6] 梁冰,李寿伟.隧道蓄能自发光应急逃生系统[J].交通标准化,2014,42(15):189.LIANG Bing,LI Shouwei.Self-storage and auto-luminous emergency escape system in tunnel [J].Transportation Standardization,2014,42(15):189.
[7] 徐建晖,陈诚,万宏,等.长余辉路面自发光涂料研究及应用[J].公路交通技术,2017,33(6):14.XU Jianhui,CHEN Cheng,WAN Hong,et al.Research and application of afterglow pavement self-luminescent coatings [J].Technology of Highway and Transport,2017,33(6):14.
[8] 吴铁锋.智能可变式道路交通标线:CN101538834 A[P].2009-03-11.WU Tiefeng.Intelligent variable road traffic marking:CN101538834 A [P].2009-03-11.
[9] 张岳玥.位置可调的马路双黄线:CN102635078 A[P].2012-04-24.ZHANG Yueyue.Position adjustable road double yellow line:CN102635078 A [P].2012-04-24.
[10] 汪桥,朱建华,台德进.一种具有交通信号灯功能的交通标线及可变更的车道指示线:CN107012805 A [P].2017-08-04.WANG Qiao,ZHU Jianhua,TAI Dejin.Traffic marking with traffic signal function and changeable lane indicator line:CN107012805 A [P].2017-08-04.
[11] LOSONCZI A.Building block comprising light transmitting fibers and a method for producing the same:WO03097954A1 [P].2003-11-27.
[12] 李悦,郭慧.透光混凝土的研究进展[J].混凝土,2013(6):5.LI Yue,GUO Hui.Research progress of the light transmitting concrete [J].Concrete,2013(6):5.
[13] 丁泓力,郭杨,林荣辉.光对博物馆建筑艺术及陈列艺术的影响[J].山东工业技术,2015(8):267.DING Hongli,GUO Yang,LIN Ronghui.The influence of light on museum architecture and exhibition art [J].Shandong Industrial Technology,2015(8):267.
[14] 王松涛.透光混凝土在公共建筑地下入口空间的应用[D].大连:大连工业大学,2015.WANG Songtao.Application of the light transmitting concrete in public entrance space of underground [D].Dalian:Dalian Polytechnic University,2015.
[15] 郭奇,贾剑,庄从国,等.光纤透光混凝土显示装置:CN204833933U [P].2015-08-25.GUO Qi,JIA Jian,ZHUANG Congguo,et al.Fiber optic transmission concrete display device:CN204833933U [P].2015-08-25.
[16] LI Y,XU Z Y,GU Z W.Preparation of light transmitting cement-based material with optical fiber embedded by the means of parallel arrange [J].Advanced Materials Research,2012(391-392):677.
[17] 王信刚,陈皓,翟胜田,等.光纤导光混凝土的透光性能与抗侵蚀性能[J].硅酸盐通报,2016,35(11):3622.WANG Xingang,CHEN Hao,ZHAI Shengtian,et al.Transparent property and corrosion resistance of optical fiber light conductive concrete [J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2016,35(11):3622.
[18] 孙立军.铺面工程学[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2012.SUN Lijun.Pavement engineering [M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2012.
[19] 廖延彪.光纤光学—原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.LIAO Yanbiao.Fiber optics:principles and applications [M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2010.
[20] 周娟英,王鑫.驾驶员的视觉特征对驾驶适宜性的影响[J].汽车零部件,2012(4):82.ZHOU Juanying,WANG Xin.Effect of visual characteristics of pilot to driving suitability [J].Automobile Parts,2012(4):82.
[21] 中华人民共和国行业标准.公路工程技术标准:JTG B01—2014[S].北京:中华人民共和国交通运输部,2014.Industry Standards of People's Republic of China.Technical standard of highway engineering:JTG B01—2014[S].Beijing:Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China,2014.
[22] 苏华.色彩设计基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003.SU Hua.Color design foundation [M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2003.