发酵周期对初沉污泥厌氧发酵产酸影响及微生物机制研究
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摘要
初沉污泥发酵产酸是作为污水处理厂脱氮除磷工艺补充碳源的有效手段之一。为探讨最佳的发酵周期,考察了不同发酵周期化学需氧量(COD)、蛋白质、碳水化合物和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFAs)的影响,并利用高通量测序手段解析不同发酵周期初沉污泥发酵产酸的微生物机制。结果表明:最佳的发酵周期为8 d;随着发酵周期的增加,COD和TVFAs均呈先增高后降低的趋势,第8天质量浓度分别为4 088和3 444 mg/L;此时蛋白质和碳水化合的质量浓度为516,116 mg/L(以COD计);最大的氮、磷释放出现在发酵周期10和6 d。高通量测序结果表明:发酵周期的延长降低了微生物菌群的丰度和多样性,在发酵周期为8 d时,发酵产酸相关菌群在该时期的丰度较高,进而促进底泥中有机物的水解和转化挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)。当随着发酵周期的增加,VFA积累抑制了产酸菌,并促进了产甲烷优势菌群的增加。
Primary sludge fermentation to produce acid is one of the most effective supplement carbon sources for nitrogen and phosphorus removal process in sewage treatment plant. In order to explore the optimal fermentation period, the effects of different fermentation periods on chemical oxygen demand(COD), protein, carbohydrate and total volatile fatty acids(TVFAs) were investigated, and the microbial mechanism of acid production in different fermentation periods was analyzed by high throughput sequencing. The results showed that the optimum fermentation period was 8 days; with the increase of fermentation period, COD and TVFAs increased at first and then decreased, the concentrations were 4 088 and 3 444 mg/L at optimum fermentation period. Besides, the concentration of protein and carbohydrate were 416 and 116 mg/L on the 8th day, respectively. However, the maximum release of nitrogen and phosphorus occurred on the 10th and 6th days of fermentation period. The results of high throughput sequencing showed that the prolongation of fermentation period reduced the abundance and diversity of microbial flora. When the fermentation period was 8 days, the abundances of acid-producing bacteria were higher, which promoted the hydrolysis and transformation of organic matter in primary sludge. With the increase of fermentation period, VFA accumulation inhibited acid-producing bacteria and promoted the increase of dominant methanogenic bacteria.
Primary sludge fermentation to produce acid is one of the most effective supplement carbon sources for nitrogen and phosphorus removal process in sewage treatment plant. In order to explore the optimal fermentation period, the effects of different fermentation periods on chemical oxygen demand(COD), protein, carbohydrate and total volatile fatty acids(TVFAs) were investigated, and the microbial mechanism of acid production in different fermentation periods was analyzed by high throughput sequencing. The results showed that the optimum fermentation period was 8 days; with the increase of fermentation period, COD and TVFAs increased at first and then decreased, the concentrations were 4 088 and 3 444 mg/L at optimum fermentation period. Besides, the concentration of protein and carbohydrate were 416 and 116 mg/L on the 8th day, respectively. However, the maximum release of nitrogen and phosphorus occurred on the 10th and 6th days of fermentation period. The results of high throughput sequencing showed that the prolongation of fermentation period reduced the abundance and diversity of microbial flora. When the fermentation period was 8 days, the abundances of acid-producing bacteria were higher, which promoted the hydrolysis and transformation of organic matter in primary sludge. With the increase of fermentation period, VFA accumulation inhibited acid-producing bacteria and promoted the increase of dominant methanogenic bacteria.
引文
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[2]JIN L,ZHANG G,TIAN H.Current state of sewage treatment in China[J].Water research,2014,66:85-98.
[3]余杰,郑国砥,高定,等.城市污泥生物好氧发酵对有机污染物的降解及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2012(7):2 271-2 278.
[4]LIN L,LI R H,LI Y,et al.Recovery of organic carbon and phosphorus from wastewater by Fe-enhanced primary sedimentation and sludge fermentation[J].Process biochemistry,2016,54:135-139.
[5]任健,李军,王洪臣,等.SRT对初沉污泥水解酸化影响的试验研究[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(5):15-19.
[6]LOWRY O H,ROSEBROUGH N J,FARR A L,et al.Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent[J].Journal of biological chemistry,1951,193(1):265.
[7]柴同志.污泥碱性厌氧发酵产酸的条件优化研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[8]张自杰.排水工程下册[M].4版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000:353-360.
[9]PECES M,ASTALS S,CLARKE W P,et al.Semi-aerobic fermentation as a novel pre-treatment to obtain VFA and increase methane yield from primary sludge[J].Bioresource technology,2016,200:631-638.
[10]HUANG X,DONG W,WANG H,et al.Role of acid/alkalitreatment in primary sludge anaerobic fermentation:Insights into microbial community structure,functional shifts and metabolic output by high-throughput sequencing[J].Bioresource technology,2018,249:943-952.
[11]吴梦佳.污泥混合菌种暗发酵与光发酵联合制氢[D].天津:天津大学,2014.
[12]臧凯丽,江岩,孙勇,等.微生态制剂调节便秘、腹泻人群肠道菌群结构与产短链脂肪酸关键菌属的相关性[J].食品科学,2018,39(5):155-165.
[13]凡慧,马诗淳,王春芳,等.产氢细菌FSC-15对稻草秸秆厌氧发酵产甲烷的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(2):251-255.
[14]张万钦.畜禽粪污厌氧产酸特性及微生物多样性分析研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2018:54.
[15]高鑫华,朱婷,邹斌,等.氮源类型对甲烷氧化过程主要菌群的影响[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2017,36(3):966-975.
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