人工智能时代的智慧学习:原理、进展与趋势
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摘要
人工智能正在引领教育信息化朝着智能化方向发展,人工智能时代的智慧学习研究是践行教育信息化2.0思想的重要体现。该文通过回顾人工智能理论与方法的历史演变,揭示了人工智能和人类学习的关系构成与运作原理,从理论和实践的角度分析了新一代人工智能引领智慧学习创新发展的最新进展,并从智慧学习环境、智慧学习实践和智慧学习目标等三个方面指出人工智能时代智慧学习未来的发展趋势,旨在丰富和发展智慧学习理论体系,推动教育信息化融合创新发展。
Artificial intelligence is leading the new direction of educational informatization.The smart learning research in the era of artificial intelligence is an important embodiment of the practice of educational informatization 2.0.By reviewing the historical evolution of artificial intelligence theory and methods,this paper reveals the relationship between artificial intelligence and human learning,analyzes the latest development of a new generation of artificial intelligence to lead the development of smart learning from the perspective of theory and practice,and points out the future of smart learning in the era of artificial intelligence from the aspects of smart learning environment,smart learning practice and smart learning goals.The paper aims to enrich and develop the theoretical system of smart learning and promote the integration and innovation development of educational informatization.
Artificial intelligence is leading the new direction of educational informatization.The smart learning research in the era of artificial intelligence is an important embodiment of the practice of educational informatization 2.0.By reviewing the historical evolution of artificial intelligence theory and methods,this paper reveals the relationship between artificial intelligence and human learning,analyzes the latest development of a new generation of artificial intelligence to lead the development of smart learning from the perspective of theory and practice,and points out the future of smart learning in the era of artificial intelligence from the aspects of smart learning environment,smart learning practice and smart learning goals.The paper aims to enrich and develop the theoretical system of smart learning and promote the integration and innovation development of educational informatization.
引文
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[3]黄荣怀,杨俊锋,胡永斌.从数字学习环境到智慧学习环境--学习环境的变革与趋势[J].开放教育研究,2012,18(1):75-84.
[4]杨现民,余胜泉.智慧教育体系架构与关键支撑技术[J].中国电化教育,2015,(1):77-84.
[5]Hwang G-J.Definition,Framework and Research Issues of Smart Learning Environments-a Context-aware Ubiquitous Learning Perspective[J].Smart Learning Environments,2014,1(1):1-14.
[6]Koper R.Conditions for Effective Smart Learning Environments[J].Smart Learning Environments,2014,1(1):1-17.
[7]Uskov V L,Bakken J P,et al.Building Smart Learning Analytics System for Smart University[A].V.L.Uskov,R.J.Howlett,L.C.Jain.Smart Education and e-Learning 2017[C].Cham:Springer International Publishing,2018.191-204.
[8]吴文峻.面向智慧教育的学习大数据分析技术[J].电化教育研究,2017,38(6):88-94.
[9]梁迎丽,刘陈.人工智能教育应用的现状分析、典型特征与发展趋势[J].中国电化教育,2018,(3):24-30.
[10]余明华,冯翔等.人工智能视域下机器学习的教育应用与创新探索[J].远程教育杂志,2017,35(3):11-21.
[11]FITEE editorial staff.An Interview with Dr.Raj Reddy on Artificial Intelligence[J].Frontiers of Information Technology&Electronic Engineering,2018,19(1):3-5.
[12]Su M,Schotten M T de,Zhao J,et al.Vocabulary Growth Rate from Preschool to School-age Years is Reflected in the Connectivity of the Arcuate Fasciculus in 14-year-old Children[J].Developmental Science,2018,21(5):e12647.
[13]Li H,Booth J R,et al.Structural Correlates of Literacy Difficulties in the Second Language:Evidence from Mandarin-speaking Children Learning English[J].NeuroImage,2018,(179):288-297.
[14]Nan Y,Liu L,et al.Piano Training Enhances the Neural Processing of Pitch and Improves Speech Perception in Mandarin-speaking Children[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2018,115(28):E6630-E6639.
[15]刘知远,孙茂松等.知识表示学习研究进展[J].计算机研究与发展,2016,53(2):247-261.
[16]Yuste R,Goering S,et al.Four Ethical Priorities for Neurotechnologies and AI[J].Nature News,2017,551(7679):159-163.
[17]Zheng L,Chen C,et al.Enhancement of Teaching Outcome through Neural Prediction of the Students’Knowledge State[J].Human Brain Mapping,2018,39(7):3046-3057.
[18]刘智,刘三等.物理空间中的智能学伴系统:感知数据驱动的学习分析技术--访柏林洪堡大学教育技术专家Niels Pinkwart教授[J].中国电化教育,2018,(7):67-72.
[19]杨现民,骆娇娇等.数据驱动教学:大数据时代教学范式的新走向[J].电化教育研究,2017,38(12):13-20.
[20]Spüler M,Krumpe T,et al.Brain-Computer Interfaces for Educational Applications[A].In J.Buder,F.W.Hesse.Informational Environments:Effects of Use,Effective Designs[C].Cham:Springer International Publishing,2017.177-201.