不同烤烟品种(系)叶片组织结构、腺毛及分泌物比较分析
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摘要
为了探究不同烤烟品种(系)叶片组织结构差异、腺毛发育及腺毛分泌物代谢特点,应用扫描电镜、数字显微镜及气相色谱质谱连用技术,对高香气品种(系) 8306、豫烟11号等8种烤烟品种(系)的叶片组织结构、腺毛密度及腺毛分泌物进行比较研究。结果表明:(1)长柄腺毛是优势腺毛。上表皮腺毛普遍多于下表皮腺毛。豫烟11的短柄腺毛密度、8306的长柄腺毛密度、K326的保护毛密度分别较其他烤烟品种高;西柏三烯二醇是腺毛分泌物组分中的主要化学成分,赖百当化合物包括冷杉醇和赖百当二醇,仅在豫烟11、8306、12451中少量存在,在其他烤烟品种(系)中均未发现;(3)栅栏组织/海绵组织、栅栏组织厚/叶厚、腺毛密度及腺毛分泌物之间存在显著正相关性。高香气烤烟品种(系)的叶片组织结构、腺毛密度、腺毛分泌物总量均显著优于其他品种。
In order to investigate the difference in leaf tissue structure,trichome development and metabolism characteristics of trichome exudates of different flue-cured tobacco varieties( lines),this paper compared leaf tissue structure,trichome densities and trichome exudates of flue-cured tobacco varieties( lines) including high-aroma 8306 and Yu11 etc.,by technology combining scanning electron microscopy,digital microscope and GC-MS. The results showed that:(1) The long handle trichomes was predominant trichome type. The quantity of upper glandular trichomes were more than that of lower ones. The densities of short handle trichomes in Yu11,long handle trichomes in 8306,and non-glandular trichomes in K326 were higher than that of the other flue-cured tobacco varieties.(2) Cembratriendiols were main chemical compounds in trichome exudates. Labdanoids including cis-abienol and labdenediol had not been detected in these flue-cured tobacco varieties except Yu11,8306 and 12451.(3) There was significant positive correlation between radio of palisade tissue to spongy,radio of palisade tissue to leaf thickness,trichome density and trichome exudates. On the whole,the leaf tissue structure,trichome density and trichome exudates of high-aroma fluecured tobacco varieties( lines) were significantly higher than those of other varieties.
In order to investigate the difference in leaf tissue structure,trichome development and metabolism characteristics of trichome exudates of different flue-cured tobacco varieties( lines),this paper compared leaf tissue structure,trichome densities and trichome exudates of flue-cured tobacco varieties( lines) including high-aroma 8306 and Yu11 etc.,by technology combining scanning electron microscopy,digital microscope and GC-MS. The results showed that:(1) The long handle trichomes was predominant trichome type. The quantity of upper glandular trichomes were more than that of lower ones. The densities of short handle trichomes in Yu11,long handle trichomes in 8306,and non-glandular trichomes in K326 were higher than that of the other flue-cured tobacco varieties.(2) Cembratriendiols were main chemical compounds in trichome exudates. Labdanoids including cis-abienol and labdenediol had not been detected in these flue-cured tobacco varieties except Yu11,8306 and 12451.(3) There was significant positive correlation between radio of palisade tissue to spongy,radio of palisade tissue to leaf thickness,trichome density and trichome exudates. On the whole,the leaf tissue structure,trichome density and trichome exudates of high-aroma fluecured tobacco varieties( lines) were significantly higher than those of other varieties.
引文
[1]蔡刘体,蒋光华,郑少清,等.烟草叶片表面腺毛形态的扫描电镜观察[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(8):110-113.Cai L T, Jiang G H, Zheng S Q, et al.. Observation of glandular hairs morphology on tobacco leaves by scanning electron microscopy[J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2008,24(8):110-113.
[2]刘国顺,周世民,高致明,等.香料烟腺毛的形态发生和分泌活动研究[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(1):22-27.Liu G S, Zhou S M, Gao Z M, et al.. Morphological development and secretion activity of glandular trichomes in oriental tobacco[J]. Chin. Tob. Sci.,2010,31(1):22-27.
[3] Wagner G J. Secreting glandular trichomes:More than just hairs[J]. Plant Physiol.,1991,96(3):675-679.
[4] Roberts D L,Rowland R L. Macrocyclic diterpenesα-andβ-4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diols from tobacco[J]. J. Organic Chem.,1962,27(11):3989-3995.
[5]史宏志.烟草香味学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[6]薛晓明,侯森林,于丽杰,等.10个烤烟品种间的腺毛密度比较研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2014,41(6):1012-1016.Xue X M,Hou S L,Yu L J,et al.. Difference in the glandular hair density in 10 flue-cured tobaccos[J]. J. Anhui Agric.Univ.,2014,41(6):1012-1016.
[7]吴云平,潘文杰,李章海,等.不同品种烤烟鲜叶表面提取物主要成分比较[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(2):353-359.Wu Y P,Pan W Y,Li Z H,et al.. Comparsion of major cuticular components from cured leaves of different flue-cured tobacco varieties[J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2011,27(2):353-359.
[8] Boerma H R,Ashley D A. Canopy photosynthesis and seed-fill duration in recently developed soybean cultivars and selected plant introductions[J]. Crop Sci.,1988,28(1):137-140.
[9]李海英,刘亚光,杨庆凯.大豆叶片结构与灰斑病抗性的研究Ⅱ.大豆叶片组织结构与灰斑病抗性的关系[J].中国油料作物学报,2002,24(2):58-60.Li H Y, Liu Y G, Yang Q K. Studies on the structural resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara in soybean leaves[J].Chin. J. Oil Crop Sci.,2002,24(2):58-60.
[10]刘艳涛,冯晓洁,席国成,等.抗黑星病芽变鸭梨组织结构、生理生化与抗病性关系研究[J].植物保护,2012,38(5):31-34.Liu Y T,Feng X J,Xi G C,et al.. Relationships between scab resistance and leaf tissue structure and physiological characteristics of Yali pear with bud mutation[J]. Plant Protect.,2012,38(5):31-34.
[11]胡国松,郑伟,王震东,等.烤烟营养原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[12]高小丽,高金锋,冯佰利,等.不同绿豆品种的叶片解剖结构[J].作物学报,2012,38(1):181-185.Gao X L,Gao J F,Feng B L,et al.. Anatomical structure of leaf in different mung bean varieties[J]. Acta Agron. Sin.,2012,38(1):181-185.
[13]陈碧珍.烤烟不同品种叶片结构的解剖观察[J].福建农学院学报,1993(2):241-246.Chen B Z. Anatomic observations of leaf structures in fluecured tobacco varieites[J]. J. Fujian Agric. Coll.,1993(2):241-246.
[14]陈伟,蒋卫,邱雪柏,等.光质对烟叶光合特性、类胡萝卜素和表面提取物含量的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(22):6877-6885.Chen W,Jiang W,Qiu X B,et al.. Effects of light quality on photosynthetic characteristics and on the carotenoid and cuticular extract content in tobacco leaves[J]. Acta Ecol.Sin.,2011,31(22):6877-6885.
[15]闫克玉.烟叶分级[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[16]赵光伟,孙广玉,阎秀峰,等.烤烟成熟时栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值的变化[J].湖北农业科学,2007,46(2):265Zhao G W,Sun G Y,Yan X F,et al.. The change of thickness rate of palisade and sponsge tissue in flue-cured tobacco green leaves during mature period[J]. Hubei Agric. Sci.,2007,46(2):265-267.
[17]刘德育,孙广玉,蔡淑燕.移栽期对烤烟叶片组织结构的影响[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(12):187-189.Liu D Y,Sun G Y,Cai S Y,et al.. Effetcs of transplanting date on leaf anatomieal structure of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2005,21(12):187-189.
[18]李章海,王晓荣,刘贯山.白肋烟晾制过程中叶片组织结构变化的研究[J].中国烟草,1996(1):9-11.Li Z H,Wang X R,Liu G S. Studies on variations of leaf tissue structure in air-curing process of burley tobacco[J].China Tob.,1996(1):9-11.
[19]景岚,王丽芳,康俊,等.向日葵品种叶片组织结构与抗锈病的关系[J].植物保护,2009,35(2):81-84.Jing L,Wang L F,Kang J,et al.. Leaf tissue structure of sunflower cultivars in relation to their resistance to rust disease[J]. Plant Protect.,2009,35(2):81-84.
[20]王宝华,吴帼英,黄静勋.烟叶植物学特性的观察Ⅱ.烤烟烟叶的栅栏组织和海绵组织[J].中国烟草科学,1984(2):10-15.
[21] Johnson A W. Tobacco leaf trichomes and their exudates[J].Tob. Sci.,1985,29:67-72.
[22]时向东,杨会丽,高致明,等.烤烟叶片腺毛发育过程的扫描电镜观察[J].河南农业大学学报,2005,39(2):155-157.Shi X D,Yang H L,Gao Z M,et al.. Observation of trichomes on developing flue-cured tobacco leaf by scan electronic microscope[J]. J. Henan Agric. Univ.,2005,39(2):155-157.
[23]韩锦峰,张志勇,刘华山,等.烟草腺毛及其分泌物西柏三烯醇类物质的研究进展[J].中国烟草学报,2013(5):118-124.Han J F,Zhang Z Y,Liu H S,et al.. Research advance in tobacco glandular trichomes and their secretion substance cembranoids[J]. Acta Tab. Sin.,2013(5):118-124.
[24]杨铁钊,李伟,李钦奎,等.烤烟叶面腺毛密度及其分泌物变化动态的相关分析[J].中国烟草科学,2005,26(1):43-46.Yang T Z,Li W,Li Q K,et al.. Analysis of the varying trends and correlation of the density of glandular trichome and leaf surface exudate of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Chin. Tob. Sci.,2005,26(1):43-46.
[25] Court W A. Factors affecting the concentration of duvatrienediols of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Tob. Sci.,1982,24:40-43.
[26] Nielsen M T,Severson R F. Variation of flavor components on leaf surfaces of tobacco genotypes differing in trichome density[J]. J. Agric. Food Chem.,1990,38(2):467-471.
[2]刘国顺,周世民,高致明,等.香料烟腺毛的形态发生和分泌活动研究[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(1):22-27.Liu G S, Zhou S M, Gao Z M, et al.. Morphological development and secretion activity of glandular trichomes in oriental tobacco[J]. Chin. Tob. Sci.,2010,31(1):22-27.
[3] Wagner G J. Secreting glandular trichomes:More than just hairs[J]. Plant Physiol.,1991,96(3):675-679.
[4] Roberts D L,Rowland R L. Macrocyclic diterpenesα-andβ-4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diols from tobacco[J]. J. Organic Chem.,1962,27(11):3989-3995.
[5]史宏志.烟草香味学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1998.
[6]薛晓明,侯森林,于丽杰,等.10个烤烟品种间的腺毛密度比较研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2014,41(6):1012-1016.Xue X M,Hou S L,Yu L J,et al.. Difference in the glandular hair density in 10 flue-cured tobaccos[J]. J. Anhui Agric.Univ.,2014,41(6):1012-1016.
[7]吴云平,潘文杰,李章海,等.不同品种烤烟鲜叶表面提取物主要成分比较[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(2):353-359.Wu Y P,Pan W Y,Li Z H,et al.. Comparsion of major cuticular components from cured leaves of different flue-cured tobacco varieties[J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2011,27(2):353-359.
[8] Boerma H R,Ashley D A. Canopy photosynthesis and seed-fill duration in recently developed soybean cultivars and selected plant introductions[J]. Crop Sci.,1988,28(1):137-140.
[9]李海英,刘亚光,杨庆凯.大豆叶片结构与灰斑病抗性的研究Ⅱ.大豆叶片组织结构与灰斑病抗性的关系[J].中国油料作物学报,2002,24(2):58-60.Li H Y, Liu Y G, Yang Q K. Studies on the structural resistance to Cercospora sojina Hara in soybean leaves[J].Chin. J. Oil Crop Sci.,2002,24(2):58-60.
[10]刘艳涛,冯晓洁,席国成,等.抗黑星病芽变鸭梨组织结构、生理生化与抗病性关系研究[J].植物保护,2012,38(5):31-34.Liu Y T,Feng X J,Xi G C,et al.. Relationships between scab resistance and leaf tissue structure and physiological characteristics of Yali pear with bud mutation[J]. Plant Protect.,2012,38(5):31-34.
[11]胡国松,郑伟,王震东,等.烤烟营养原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[12]高小丽,高金锋,冯佰利,等.不同绿豆品种的叶片解剖结构[J].作物学报,2012,38(1):181-185.Gao X L,Gao J F,Feng B L,et al.. Anatomical structure of leaf in different mung bean varieties[J]. Acta Agron. Sin.,2012,38(1):181-185.
[13]陈碧珍.烤烟不同品种叶片结构的解剖观察[J].福建农学院学报,1993(2):241-246.Chen B Z. Anatomic observations of leaf structures in fluecured tobacco varieites[J]. J. Fujian Agric. Coll.,1993(2):241-246.
[14]陈伟,蒋卫,邱雪柏,等.光质对烟叶光合特性、类胡萝卜素和表面提取物含量的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(22):6877-6885.Chen W,Jiang W,Qiu X B,et al.. Effects of light quality on photosynthetic characteristics and on the carotenoid and cuticular extract content in tobacco leaves[J]. Acta Ecol.Sin.,2011,31(22):6877-6885.
[15]闫克玉.烟叶分级[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
[16]赵光伟,孙广玉,阎秀峰,等.烤烟成熟时栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比值的变化[J].湖北农业科学,2007,46(2):265Zhao G W,Sun G Y,Yan X F,et al.. The change of thickness rate of palisade and sponsge tissue in flue-cured tobacco green leaves during mature period[J]. Hubei Agric. Sci.,2007,46(2):265-267.
[17]刘德育,孙广玉,蔡淑燕.移栽期对烤烟叶片组织结构的影响[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(12):187-189.Liu D Y,Sun G Y,Cai S Y,et al.. Effetcs of transplanting date on leaf anatomieal structure of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2005,21(12):187-189.
[18]李章海,王晓荣,刘贯山.白肋烟晾制过程中叶片组织结构变化的研究[J].中国烟草,1996(1):9-11.Li Z H,Wang X R,Liu G S. Studies on variations of leaf tissue structure in air-curing process of burley tobacco[J].China Tob.,1996(1):9-11.
[19]景岚,王丽芳,康俊,等.向日葵品种叶片组织结构与抗锈病的关系[J].植物保护,2009,35(2):81-84.Jing L,Wang L F,Kang J,et al.. Leaf tissue structure of sunflower cultivars in relation to their resistance to rust disease[J]. Plant Protect.,2009,35(2):81-84.
[20]王宝华,吴帼英,黄静勋.烟叶植物学特性的观察Ⅱ.烤烟烟叶的栅栏组织和海绵组织[J].中国烟草科学,1984(2):10-15.
[21] Johnson A W. Tobacco leaf trichomes and their exudates[J].Tob. Sci.,1985,29:67-72.
[22]时向东,杨会丽,高致明,等.烤烟叶片腺毛发育过程的扫描电镜观察[J].河南农业大学学报,2005,39(2):155-157.Shi X D,Yang H L,Gao Z M,et al.. Observation of trichomes on developing flue-cured tobacco leaf by scan electronic microscope[J]. J. Henan Agric. Univ.,2005,39(2):155-157.
[23]韩锦峰,张志勇,刘华山,等.烟草腺毛及其分泌物西柏三烯醇类物质的研究进展[J].中国烟草学报,2013(5):118-124.Han J F,Zhang Z Y,Liu H S,et al.. Research advance in tobacco glandular trichomes and their secretion substance cembranoids[J]. Acta Tab. Sin.,2013(5):118-124.
[24]杨铁钊,李伟,李钦奎,等.烤烟叶面腺毛密度及其分泌物变化动态的相关分析[J].中国烟草科学,2005,26(1):43-46.Yang T Z,Li W,Li Q K,et al.. Analysis of the varying trends and correlation of the density of glandular trichome and leaf surface exudate of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Chin. Tob. Sci.,2005,26(1):43-46.
[25] Court W A. Factors affecting the concentration of duvatrienediols of flue-cured tobacco[J]. Tob. Sci.,1982,24:40-43.
[26] Nielsen M T,Severson R F. Variation of flavor components on leaf surfaces of tobacco genotypes differing in trichome density[J]. J. Agric. Food Chem.,1990,38(2):467-471.