镧对稀有鮈鲫肝胰脏抗氧化酶活性及MDA含量的影响
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摘要
以氯化镧(LaCl_3·7H_2O)为试验毒物,以稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)为试验材料,采用21 d慢性毒性试验(La~(3+)浓度分别为0.00、0.04、0.08、0.16、0.32、0.80 mg/L),通过检测稀有鮈鲫肝胰脏中超氧物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,研究了镧暴露胁迫对水生动物抗氧化系统的影响,以期从抗氧化生理响应的角度探讨稀土元素镧对水生动物的毒理机理。结果显示,与对照组相比,0.04～0.32 mg/L试验组肝胰脏SOD活性出现一定程度降低(P>0.05),但0.80 mg/L组SOD活性出现一定程度上升(P>0.05);0.04～0.32 mg/L试验组肝胰脏CAT活性较对照组出现一定程度降低(P>0.05),但0.80 mg/L组CAT活性出现一定程度上升(P>0.05),且0.80 mg/L组CAT活性显著高于0.04～0.32 mg/L组(P<0.05);0.04～0.16 mg/L试验组肝胰脏MDA含量较对照组出现一定程度降低(P>0.05),0.32 mg/L组MDA含量略微升高(P>0.05),0.80 mg/L组MDA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),也显著高于其它La~(3+)暴露组(P<0.05)。研究表明,一定浓度的La~(3+)暴露胁迫会对环境中水生生物抗氧化系统产生不利影响。
The presence of rare earth elements(REE) in surface runoff and wastewater associated with the excavation and smelting of REE threatens aquatic ecosystems. Research on the effects of REE on aquatic organisms is lacking, particularly regarding the toxic effects and toxicological mechanisms. The rare minnow(Gobiocypris rarus) is recommended as a test organism, according to the guidelines for the testing of chemicals(Ministry of Environmental Protection of China). To explore the toxicological mechanism of REE in aquatic animals, we performed a chronic toxicity test to examine the antioxidant response of the rare minnow to different concentrations of lanthanum(La~(3+)). The fish were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.32 and 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) for 21 d. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in the hepatopancreas of test minnows were analyzed. In the control group, SOD activity in the hepatopancreas was(79.50±19.01) U/mg. SOD activities at the lower La~(3+) exposures(0.04-0.32 mg/L) were lower than in the control group(P>0.05), but at 0.80 mg/L La~(3+), SOD activity was higher than the control group(84.50±6.31) U/mg(P>0.05). Hepatopancreatic CAT activity in the test minnows displayed a trend similar to SOD activity; lower La~(3+) exposures(0.04-0.32 mg/L) decreased activity(P>0.05), while exposure to 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) increased activity(P>0.05) compared to the control group. CAT activity was significantly higher in the 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) group than in the 0.04-0.32 mg/L La~(3+) groups(P<0.05). MDA content in the control group was(2.51±1.02) nmol/mg, slightly lower in the 0.04-0.16 mg/L La~(3+) groups(P>0.05) and slightly higher in the 0.32 mg/L group(P>0.05). However, MDA content in the 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) group was significantly higher than in the control group and low concentration(0.04-0.32 mg/L) groups(P<0.05). Results indicate that La~(3+) exposure produces a toxic response in the antioxidant system of Gobiocypris rarus and perhaps other aquatic organisms.
The presence of rare earth elements(REE) in surface runoff and wastewater associated with the excavation and smelting of REE threatens aquatic ecosystems. Research on the effects of REE on aquatic organisms is lacking, particularly regarding the toxic effects and toxicological mechanisms. The rare minnow(Gobiocypris rarus) is recommended as a test organism, according to the guidelines for the testing of chemicals(Ministry of Environmental Protection of China). To explore the toxicological mechanism of REE in aquatic animals, we performed a chronic toxicity test to examine the antioxidant response of the rare minnow to different concentrations of lanthanum(La~(3+)). The fish were reared in freshwater and exposed to 0.00, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.32 and 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) for 21 d. The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in the hepatopancreas of test minnows were analyzed. In the control group, SOD activity in the hepatopancreas was(79.50±19.01) U/mg. SOD activities at the lower La~(3+) exposures(0.04-0.32 mg/L) were lower than in the control group(P>0.05), but at 0.80 mg/L La~(3+), SOD activity was higher than the control group(84.50±6.31) U/mg(P>0.05). Hepatopancreatic CAT activity in the test minnows displayed a trend similar to SOD activity; lower La~(3+) exposures(0.04-0.32 mg/L) decreased activity(P>0.05), while exposure to 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) increased activity(P>0.05) compared to the control group. CAT activity was significantly higher in the 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) group than in the 0.04-0.32 mg/L La~(3+) groups(P<0.05). MDA content in the control group was(2.51±1.02) nmol/mg, slightly lower in the 0.04-0.16 mg/L La~(3+) groups(P>0.05) and slightly higher in the 0.32 mg/L group(P>0.05). However, MDA content in the 0.80 mg/L La~(3+) group was significantly higher than in the control group and low concentration(0.04-0.32 mg/L) groups(P<0.05). Results indicate that La~(3+) exposure produces a toxic response in the antioxidant system of Gobiocypris rarus and perhaps other aquatic organisms.
引文
程媛媛, 顾若波, 王小林, 等,2015. 氨氮对萼花臂尾轮虫的急性毒性及其抗氧化生理响应[J]. 安徽农业科学,43(36):81-84,363.
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焦传珍,2009. 铈对镉染毒泥鳅肝胰脏中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响[J]. 水产科学, 28(12): 786-788.
金芬芬, 徐团, 秦圣娟,等,2011. 镉对长江华溪蟹肝胰腺线粒体抗氧化酶活力和脂质过氧化水平的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 35(6): 1020-1024.
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苗菲菲, 司万童, 刘菊梅, 等,2012. 尾矿库渗漏水导致泥鳅氧化损伤与DNA损伤的研究[J]. 广东农业科学, (16): 162-164.
邰托娅, 林玉锁, 贺静,2008. 土壤中Cu和Pb单一及复合污染对蚯蚓体内蛋白含量和SOD活性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 27(5): 1985-1990.
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薛细平, 陈荣, 赵一兵, 等,2003. 过氧化氢酶的荧光法测定及其在海洋环境污染评估中的应用[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版),42(1): 83-86.
张贵生. 2007. 氯化镧对鲤鱼多种酶、过氧化脂质及遗传毒性的影响研究 [D]. 济南: 山东师范大学.
张清顺, 侯建军, 刘香江, 等,2009. 铜对梨形环棱螺抗氧化酶活性和金属硫蛋白含量的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 33(4): 717-725.
朱建华, 袁兆康, 王晓燕, 等,2002. 江西稀土矿区环境稀土含量调查[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 19(6): 443-444.
Ana María Mendoza-Wilson, Sergio Ivan Castro-Arredondo, RenéRenato Balandrán-Quintana, 2014. Computational study of the structure-free radical scavenging relationship of procyanidins[J]. Original Research Article, 161: 155-161.
Anna E, Heink Amber N, Parrish Gsary H Thorgaard, et al, 2014. Oxidative stress among SOD-1 genotypes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 156: 1-9.
Anwer T, Sharma M, Pillai K K, et al, 2007. Protective effect of bezafibrate on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and toxicity in rats[J]. Toxicology, 229(1/2): 165-172.
Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka, Andrzej Borzecki, 2016. The 28-day exposure to fenpropathrin decreases locomotor activity and reduces activity of antioxidant enzymes in mice brains[J]. Pharmacological Reports, 68(2):495-501.
Biczak R, Snioszek M, Telesiński A, et al, 2017. Growth inhibition and efficiency of the antioxidant system in spring barley and common radish grown on soil polluted ionic liquids with iodide anions[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 139:463-471.
Chen T, Furst A, Chien P K, 1994. The effects of cadmium and iron on catalase activities in Tubifek[J]. The American College of Toxicology, 13(2): 112-113.
Marian Valko, Klaudia Jomova, Christopher J Rhodes, et al, 2016. Redox-and non-redox-metal-induced formation of free radicals and their role in human disease[J]. Archives of Toxicology, 90(1):1-37.
Meador J P, 2015.Tissue concentrations as the dose metric to assess potential toxic effects of metals in field-collected fish: Copper and Cadmium[J]. Environ Toxicol Chem, 34(6):1309-1319.
Oteiza P I, Uchitel O D, Carrasquedo F, et al, 1997. Evaluation of antioxidants, protein, and lipid oxidation products in blood from sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients[J]. Neuro-chemical Research, 22(4): 535-539.
Palacea V P, Brown S B, Baron C I, et al, 1998. An evaluation of the relationships among oxidative Stress, antioxidant vitamins and early mortality syndrome (EMS) of Lake Trout (Salvelinus nameycush) from Lake Ontario[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 43(23): 259-268.
Peter Patlevica, Janka Va?kováb, Pavol Svorc Jrc, et al, 2016. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases[J]. Integrative Medicine Research, 5(4): 250-258.
Pletz, Julia, Sánchez-Bayo, Francisco, Tennekes, Henk A, 2016. Dose-response analysis indicating time-dependent neuro-toxicity caused by organic and inorganic mercury-Implications for toxic effects in the developing brain[J]. Toxicology, 347/349: 1-5.
Rees M D, Kennett E C, Whitelock J M, et al, 2008. Oxidative damage to extracellular matrix and its role in human pathologies[J]. Free Radic Biol Med, 44(12): 1973-2001.
Samarghandian S, Azimi-Nezhad M, Farkhondeh T, et al, 2017. Anti-oxidative effects of curcumin on immobilization-induced oxidative stress in rat brain, liver and kidney[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 87: 223-229.
Todorova I, Simeonova G, Kyuchukova D, et al, 2005. Reference values of oxidative stress parameters(MDA, SOD,CAT) in dogs and cats[J]. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 13(4): 190-194.
Yang J, Liu Q, Zhang L, et al, 2009. Lanthanum chloride impairs memory, decreases pCaMK IV, pMAPK and pCREB expression of hippocampus in rats[J]. Toxicology Letters, 190(2): 208-214.
Yu L, Dai Y C, Yuan Z K, et al, 2007. Effects of rare earth elements on telomerase activity and apoptosis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 116(1): 53-59.
Zabalza A, Gaston S, Maria S, et al, 2007. Oxidative stress is not related to the mode of action of herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2): 150-159.
高志强, 周启星,2011. 稀土矿露天开采过程的污染及对资源和生态环境的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 30(12): 2915-2922.
焦传珍,2009. 铈对镉染毒泥鳅肝胰脏中超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性的影响[J]. 水产科学, 28(12): 786-788.
金芬芬, 徐团, 秦圣娟,等,2011. 镉对长江华溪蟹肝胰腺线粒体抗氧化酶活力和脂质过氧化水平的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 35(6): 1020-1024.
吕玥, 张迎梅, 杨峰, 等,2010. 壬基酚对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的毒性效应[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 29(6): 1086-1090.
苗菲菲, 司万童, 刘菊梅, 等,2012. 尾矿库渗漏水导致泥鳅氧化损伤与DNA损伤的研究[J]. 广东农业科学, (16): 162-164.
邰托娅, 林玉锁, 贺静,2008. 土壤中Cu和Pb单一及复合污染对蚯蚓体内蛋白含量和SOD活性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 27(5): 1985-1990.
王凡, 刘海芳, 晋冬梅, 等,2010. 镉污染对鲤鱼过氧化氢酶活性的影响[J]. 水产科学, 29(9):550-552.
王立军, 梁涛, 章申, 等,2004. 外施稀土在农田生态系统中的生物地球化学循环与残留[J]. 中国稀土学报, 22(5): 676-681.
温小军,2012.赣南稀土矿区土壤环境特征及稀土金属地球化学行为研究[D].昆明:云南大学.
夏青, 刘会雪, 杨晓达, 等,2012. 稀土神经毒性研究[J]. 中国科学(化学),42(9): 1308-1314.
薛细平, 陈荣, 赵一兵, 等,2003. 过氧化氢酶的荧光法测定及其在海洋环境污染评估中的应用[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版),42(1): 83-86.
张贵生. 2007. 氯化镧对鲤鱼多种酶、过氧化脂质及遗传毒性的影响研究 [D]. 济南: 山东师范大学.
张清顺, 侯建军, 刘香江, 等,2009. 铜对梨形环棱螺抗氧化酶活性和金属硫蛋白含量的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 33(4): 717-725.
朱建华, 袁兆康, 王晓燕, 等,2002. 江西稀土矿区环境稀土含量调查[J]. 环境与健康杂志, 19(6): 443-444.
Ana María Mendoza-Wilson, Sergio Ivan Castro-Arredondo, RenéRenato Balandrán-Quintana, 2014. Computational study of the structure-free radical scavenging relationship of procyanidins[J]. Original Research Article, 161: 155-161.
Anna E, Heink Amber N, Parrish Gsary H Thorgaard, et al, 2014. Oxidative stress among SOD-1 genotypes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 156: 1-9.
Anwer T, Sharma M, Pillai K K, et al, 2007. Protective effect of bezafibrate on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and toxicity in rats[J]. Toxicology, 229(1/2): 165-172.
Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka, Andrzej Borzecki, 2016. The 28-day exposure to fenpropathrin decreases locomotor activity and reduces activity of antioxidant enzymes in mice brains[J]. Pharmacological Reports, 68(2):495-501.
Biczak R, Snioszek M, Telesiński A, et al, 2017. Growth inhibition and efficiency of the antioxidant system in spring barley and common radish grown on soil polluted ionic liquids with iodide anions[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 139:463-471.
Chen T, Furst A, Chien P K, 1994. The effects of cadmium and iron on catalase activities in Tubifek[J]. The American College of Toxicology, 13(2): 112-113.
Marian Valko, Klaudia Jomova, Christopher J Rhodes, et al, 2016. Redox-and non-redox-metal-induced formation of free radicals and their role in human disease[J]. Archives of Toxicology, 90(1):1-37.
Meador J P, 2015.Tissue concentrations as the dose metric to assess potential toxic effects of metals in field-collected fish: Copper and Cadmium[J]. Environ Toxicol Chem, 34(6):1309-1319.
Oteiza P I, Uchitel O D, Carrasquedo F, et al, 1997. Evaluation of antioxidants, protein, and lipid oxidation products in blood from sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients[J]. Neuro-chemical Research, 22(4): 535-539.
Palacea V P, Brown S B, Baron C I, et al, 1998. An evaluation of the relationships among oxidative Stress, antioxidant vitamins and early mortality syndrome (EMS) of Lake Trout (Salvelinus nameycush) from Lake Ontario[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 43(23): 259-268.
Peter Patlevica, Janka Va?kováb, Pavol Svorc Jrc, et al, 2016. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in human gastrointestinal diseases[J]. Integrative Medicine Research, 5(4): 250-258.
Pletz, Julia, Sánchez-Bayo, Francisco, Tennekes, Henk A, 2016. Dose-response analysis indicating time-dependent neuro-toxicity caused by organic and inorganic mercury-Implications for toxic effects in the developing brain[J]. Toxicology, 347/349: 1-5.
Rees M D, Kennett E C, Whitelock J M, et al, 2008. Oxidative damage to extracellular matrix and its role in human pathologies[J]. Free Radic Biol Med, 44(12): 1973-2001.
Samarghandian S, Azimi-Nezhad M, Farkhondeh T, et al, 2017. Anti-oxidative effects of curcumin on immobilization-induced oxidative stress in rat brain, liver and kidney[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 87: 223-229.
Todorova I, Simeonova G, Kyuchukova D, et al, 2005. Reference values of oxidative stress parameters(MDA, SOD,CAT) in dogs and cats[J]. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 13(4): 190-194.
Yang J, Liu Q, Zhang L, et al, 2009. Lanthanum chloride impairs memory, decreases pCaMK IV, pMAPK and pCREB expression of hippocampus in rats[J]. Toxicology Letters, 190(2): 208-214.
Yu L, Dai Y C, Yuan Z K, et al, 2007. Effects of rare earth elements on telomerase activity and apoptosis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 116(1): 53-59.
Zabalza A, Gaston S, Maria S, et al, 2007. Oxidative stress is not related to the mode of action of herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2): 150-159.