卡林型金矿化学氧化预处理技术研究现状
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摘要
介绍了卡林型金矿的分布概况及矿物学特征,指出实践中常用化学氧化法对卡林型金矿进行预处理来提高金的浸出率,重点介绍了硝酸预氧化法、碱预氧化法、高锰酸钾预氧化法、过氧化物预氧化法、氯气预氧化法及次氯酸盐预氧化法在卡林型金矿预处理方面的研究进展。提出化学氧化法对操作过程要求高,实际生产时应注意设备参数的实时调控,优化和改进反应设备和工艺,研发更加环保、价廉、高效的预处理药剂和工艺将是化学预氧化法处理卡林型金矿的研究方向。
The reserves,distribution status and characteristics of mineralogy on carlin-type gold ore was introduced.Pointed out that the chemical oxidation method is commonly used in practice on the carlin-type gold ore preprocessing to improve the leaching rate of gold. Research progress on carlin-type gold ore using nitric acid pre-oxidation,alkaline pre-oxidation,peroxide pre-oxidation,chlorine pre-oxidation and pypocholoride pre-oxidation were reviewed. Chemical oxidation process has strict rules on operation process,real-time control should pay attention on practice,optimization and improve reaction equipment and process,develop more environmentally friendly,cheap and high efficient pretreatment reagents and process will be the chemical oxidation method the research direction on carlin-type gold ore.
The reserves,distribution status and characteristics of mineralogy on carlin-type gold ore was introduced.Pointed out that the chemical oxidation method is commonly used in practice on the carlin-type gold ore preprocessing to improve the leaching rate of gold. Research progress on carlin-type gold ore using nitric acid pre-oxidation,alkaline pre-oxidation,peroxide pre-oxidation,chlorine pre-oxidation and pypocholoride pre-oxidation were reviewed. Chemical oxidation process has strict rules on operation process,real-time control should pay attention on practice,optimization and improve reaction equipment and process,develop more environmentally friendly,cheap and high efficient pretreatment reagents and process will be the chemical oxidation method the research direction on carlin-type gold ore.
引文
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[11]孟宇群,胡志刚,代淑娟,等.微细粒浸染包裹含砷金矿石金的回收[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2006(5):17-19.Meng Yuqun,Hu Zhigang,Dai Shujuan,et al.Rcovery of particulate disseminated arsenic-containing gold ores[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2006(5):17-19.
[12]毕凤琳,杨广杰.微细浸染型难选金矿碱浸预处理试验研究[J].中国矿山工程,2014,43(4):55-57.Bi Fenglin,Yang Guangjie.Study on the alkali leaching pretreatment of micro-disseminated refractory gold ore[J].China Mine Engineering,2014,43(4):55-57.
[13]林志坚.微细浸染型难选冶金矿石碱性热压预氧化试验研究[J].矿产综合利用,2012(3):34-37.Lin Zhijian.Study on alkaline hot-pressure pre-oxidation for a fine disseminated type refractory gold ore[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2012(3):34-37.
[14]邹来昌,罗吉束.某卡林型金矿碱性热压氧化预处理试验研究[J].黄金科学技术,2006,14(1):23-28.Zou Laichang,Luo Jishu.Study on the pretreatment of a kalin gold ores by alkaline hot-press oxidation[J].Gold Science and Technology,2006,14(1):23-28.
[15]廖元双,鲁顺利,杨大锦.氰化提金及氧化剂强化浸金过程机理研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2010(2):46-50.Liao Yuanshuang,Lu Shunli,Yang Dajin.Study on gold cyaniding extracting and the mechanism of strengthened leaching process using oxidant[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2010(2):46-50.
[16]唐道文,储春利,王锐.高锰酸钾氧化预处理某难浸金矿的研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2013(8):29-31.Tang Daowen,Chu Chunli,Wang Rui.Study on oxidation pretreatment of refractory gold ore with potassium permanganate[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2013(8):29-31.
[17]翟毅杰,李登新,王军,等.酸性条件下高锰酸钾预处理氰化尾渣的试验研究[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(3):66-69.Zhai Yijie,Li Dengxin,Wang Jun,et al.Pretreatment of cyanide tailings with potassium permanganate in acid media[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2010,30(3):66-69.
[18]江国红,张艳敏.从含砷锑难处理金矿石中浸出金的试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2011,30(1):30-32.Jiang Guohong,Zhang Yanmin.Leaching of gold from refractory ore containing arsenic and antimony[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2011,30(1):30-32.
[19]郭凯琴,李登新,马承愚,等.过氧化氢氧化预处理高硫高砷难选金精矿的试验研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(6):37-40.Guo Kaiqin,Li Dengxin,Ma Chengyu,et al.Pretreatment of highsulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate with hydrogen peroxide in acid medium[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2008,28(6):37-40.
[20]孙敬峰,张文华,秦永启.从某难浸金矿石中提取金的研究[J].湿法冶金,2001,20(3):133-135.Sun Jingfeng,Zhang Wenhua,Qin Yongqi.Extraction of gold from refractory gold ore[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2001,20(3):133-135.
[21]尚殿英.含砷硫锑碳难处理金矿石的处理工艺[J].矿产综合利用,1991(3):18-25.Shang Dianying.Pretreation process of refractory gold ore containing arsenic,sulfide,antimony and charcoal[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1991(3):18-25.
[22]刘俊壮,黄万抚.含高砷金矿浸金工艺研究现状[J].现代矿业,2010(10):26-29.Liu Junzhuang,Huang Wanfu.Progress of gold leaching process from the high arsenic gold ore[J].Modern Mining,2010(10):26-29.
[23]Brunk K A,邓彤.闪速氯化——处理难浸硫化及碳质金矿石的新方法[J].黄金科学技术,1991(8):24-26.Brunk K A,Deng Tong.Flash chloride:a new pretreatment method of the refractory gold ores with sulfur and carbon[J].Gold Science and Technology,1991(8):24-26.
[24]王淀佐,毛暗章,邱冠周,等.Fe As S、Fe S2、Au的Na Cl O-Na OH体系热力学分析与金的一步浸出[J].有色金属,1998,50(1):40-44.Wang Dianzuo,Mao Anzhang,Qiu Guanzhou,et al.Thermodynamic analysis of Fe As S,Fe S2,Au in Na Cl O-Na OH solution and one-step leaching of gold[J].Nonferrous Metals,1998,50(1):40-44.
[25]杨聪,晋克勤,唐道文,等.某难浸金矿的次氯酸钠浸出研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2013(4):42-44.Yang Cong,Jin Keqin,Tang Daowen,et al.Study on leaching of refractory gold ore with sodium hypochlorite[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2013(4):42-44.
[26]燕璞,唐道文,储春利,等.次氯酸钠浸出某卡林型金矿的实验研究[J].现代机械,2014(4):80-82.Yan Pu,Tang Daowen,Chu Chunli,et al.An experimental study of a carlin-type gold leached in sodium hypochlorite[J].Modern Machinery,2014(4):80-82.
[27]刘宪超,蒋中刚,唐道文,等.难浸金矿石的次氯酸钠浸出试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2014,33(6):413-415.Liu Xianchao,Jiang Zhonggang,Tang Daowen,et al.Experimental study on leaching of gold from a refractory gold ore using sodium hypochlorite[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2014,33(6):413-415.
[28]Li Qingcui,Li Dengxin,Qian Fangjun.Pre-oxidation of high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate by ozone and ferric ions in acidic media[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,97(1/2):61-66.
[29]翟毅杰.臭氧催化氧化预处理氰化尾渣的研究[M].上海:东华大学,2009.Zhai Yijie.Study on the Pretreatment of Cyanided Tailings by Catalytic Ozonation[M].Shanghai:Donghua University,2009.
[30]张三田.难浸金与贫锰矿资源综合回收工艺探讨[J].中国锰业,2001,19(2):31-33.Zhang Santian.Comprehensive recovery of gold difficult to soak out and poor Mn resources[J].China's Manganese Industry,2001,19(2):31-33.
[31]Feng D,van Deventer J S J.Interactions between sulphides and manganese dioxide in thiosulphate leaching of gold ores[J].Minerals Engineering,2007,20(6):533-540.
[2]徐名特,孟德铭,代淑娟.难选金预处理工艺研究现状[J].有色矿冶,2014,30(2):18-21.Xu Mingte,Meng Deming,Dai Shujuan.Research status of pretreatment techniques for refractory gold ore[J].Non-ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,2014,30(2):18-21.
[3]刘建军,梁经冬,曾子高,等.国内外固化焙烧难浸金矿工艺的现状及在我国应用前景[J].国外金属矿选矿,1997(2):36-37.Liu Jianjun,Liang Jingdong,Zeng Zigao,et al.Domestic and international status of fixing roasting on refractory gold ores and its application prospect to China[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,1997(2):36-37.
[4]李俊萌.难处理金矿石预处理工艺现状与发展[J].湿法冶金,2003,22(1):1-8.Li Junmeng.The current status and development tendency of pretreation process for refractory gold ores[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2003,22(1):1-8.
[5]李学强,翁占斌,路良山,等.含砷难处理金银精矿催化氧化酸浸湿法的研究及应用[J].现代矿业,2009(1):36-40.Li Xueqiang,Weng Zhanbin,Lu Liangshan,et al.Study and application of catalytic oxidation acid leaching method for refractory gold-silver concentrate containing arsenic[J].Modern Mining,2009(1):36-40.
[6]贺日应.硝酸氧化工艺预处理东北寨金精矿试验研究[J].黄金,2007,28(5):36-38.He Riying.An experimental research on nitric acid oxidation extracting technique of gold concentrate[J].Gold,2007,28(5):36-38.
[7]陈玉明,张培科,张丽珠,等.金精矿超声波强化硝酸预氧化工艺研究[J].黄金,2004,25(11):37-39.Chen Yuming,Zhang Peike,Zhang Lizhu,et al.Research on using ultrasonic to enhance nitric acid oxidizing pretreatment of refractory gold concentrates[J].Gold,2004,25(11):37-39.
[8]孟宇群,吴敏杰,宿少玲,等.难浸金矿常温常压强化碱浸预处理新工艺[J].有色金属,2003,55(1):43-47.Meng Yuqun,Wu Minjie,Su Shaoling,et al.Intensified alkaline leaching pretreatment of refractory gold ore at ambient temperature and atmosphere pressure[J].Nonferrous Metals,2003,55(1):43-47.
[9]李大江.化学氧化预处理难浸金矿研究进展[J].矿冶,2011,20(1):50-57.Li Dajiang.Research progress in chemical pre-oxidation forrefractory gold ores[J].Mining and Metallurgy,2011,20(1):50-57.
[10]孟宇群.难浸砷金精矿的碱性常温常压预氧化[J].贵金属,2004,25(3):1-5.Meng Yuqun.Alkaline pre-oxidation for refractory gold arsenic sulfide concentrates under normal temperature and pressure[J].Precious Metals,2004,25(3):1-5.
[11]孟宇群,胡志刚,代淑娟,等.微细粒浸染包裹含砷金矿石金的回收[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2006(5):17-19.Meng Yuqun,Hu Zhigang,Dai Shujuan,et al.Rcovery of particulate disseminated arsenic-containing gold ores[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mineral Processing Section,2006(5):17-19.
[12]毕凤琳,杨广杰.微细浸染型难选金矿碱浸预处理试验研究[J].中国矿山工程,2014,43(4):55-57.Bi Fenglin,Yang Guangjie.Study on the alkali leaching pretreatment of micro-disseminated refractory gold ore[J].China Mine Engineering,2014,43(4):55-57.
[13]林志坚.微细浸染型难选冶金矿石碱性热压预氧化试验研究[J].矿产综合利用,2012(3):34-37.Lin Zhijian.Study on alkaline hot-pressure pre-oxidation for a fine disseminated type refractory gold ore[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2012(3):34-37.
[14]邹来昌,罗吉束.某卡林型金矿碱性热压氧化预处理试验研究[J].黄金科学技术,2006,14(1):23-28.Zou Laichang,Luo Jishu.Study on the pretreatment of a kalin gold ores by alkaline hot-press oxidation[J].Gold Science and Technology,2006,14(1):23-28.
[15]廖元双,鲁顺利,杨大锦.氰化提金及氧化剂强化浸金过程机理研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2010(2):46-50.Liao Yuanshuang,Lu Shunli,Yang Dajin.Study on gold cyaniding extracting and the mechanism of strengthened leaching process using oxidant[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2010(2):46-50.
[16]唐道文,储春利,王锐.高锰酸钾氧化预处理某难浸金矿的研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2013(8):29-31.Tang Daowen,Chu Chunli,Wang Rui.Study on oxidation pretreatment of refractory gold ore with potassium permanganate[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2013(8):29-31.
[17]翟毅杰,李登新,王军,等.酸性条件下高锰酸钾预处理氰化尾渣的试验研究[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(3):66-69.Zhai Yijie,Li Dengxin,Wang Jun,et al.Pretreatment of cyanide tailings with potassium permanganate in acid media[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2010,30(3):66-69.
[18]江国红,张艳敏.从含砷锑难处理金矿石中浸出金的试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2011,30(1):30-32.Jiang Guohong,Zhang Yanmin.Leaching of gold from refractory ore containing arsenic and antimony[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2011,30(1):30-32.
[19]郭凯琴,李登新,马承愚,等.过氧化氢氧化预处理高硫高砷难选金精矿的试验研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(6):37-40.Guo Kaiqin,Li Dengxin,Ma Chengyu,et al.Pretreatment of highsulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate with hydrogen peroxide in acid medium[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2008,28(6):37-40.
[20]孙敬峰,张文华,秦永启.从某难浸金矿石中提取金的研究[J].湿法冶金,2001,20(3):133-135.Sun Jingfeng,Zhang Wenhua,Qin Yongqi.Extraction of gold from refractory gold ore[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2001,20(3):133-135.
[21]尚殿英.含砷硫锑碳难处理金矿石的处理工艺[J].矿产综合利用,1991(3):18-25.Shang Dianying.Pretreation process of refractory gold ore containing arsenic,sulfide,antimony and charcoal[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1991(3):18-25.
[22]刘俊壮,黄万抚.含高砷金矿浸金工艺研究现状[J].现代矿业,2010(10):26-29.Liu Junzhuang,Huang Wanfu.Progress of gold leaching process from the high arsenic gold ore[J].Modern Mining,2010(10):26-29.
[23]Brunk K A,邓彤.闪速氯化——处理难浸硫化及碳质金矿石的新方法[J].黄金科学技术,1991(8):24-26.Brunk K A,Deng Tong.Flash chloride:a new pretreatment method of the refractory gold ores with sulfur and carbon[J].Gold Science and Technology,1991(8):24-26.
[24]王淀佐,毛暗章,邱冠周,等.Fe As S、Fe S2、Au的Na Cl O-Na OH体系热力学分析与金的一步浸出[J].有色金属,1998,50(1):40-44.Wang Dianzuo,Mao Anzhang,Qiu Guanzhou,et al.Thermodynamic analysis of Fe As S,Fe S2,Au in Na Cl O-Na OH solution and one-step leaching of gold[J].Nonferrous Metals,1998,50(1):40-44.
[25]杨聪,晋克勤,唐道文,等.某难浸金矿的次氯酸钠浸出研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2013(4):42-44.Yang Cong,Jin Keqin,Tang Daowen,et al.Study on leaching of refractory gold ore with sodium hypochlorite[J].Nonferrous Metals:Extractive Metallurgy,2013(4):42-44.
[26]燕璞,唐道文,储春利,等.次氯酸钠浸出某卡林型金矿的实验研究[J].现代机械,2014(4):80-82.Yan Pu,Tang Daowen,Chu Chunli,et al.An experimental study of a carlin-type gold leached in sodium hypochlorite[J].Modern Machinery,2014(4):80-82.
[27]刘宪超,蒋中刚,唐道文,等.难浸金矿石的次氯酸钠浸出试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2014,33(6):413-415.Liu Xianchao,Jiang Zhonggang,Tang Daowen,et al.Experimental study on leaching of gold from a refractory gold ore using sodium hypochlorite[J].Hydrometallurgy of China,2014,33(6):413-415.
[28]Li Qingcui,Li Dengxin,Qian Fangjun.Pre-oxidation of high-sulfur and high-arsenic refractory gold concentrate by ozone and ferric ions in acidic media[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,97(1/2):61-66.
[29]翟毅杰.臭氧催化氧化预处理氰化尾渣的研究[M].上海:东华大学,2009.Zhai Yijie.Study on the Pretreatment of Cyanided Tailings by Catalytic Ozonation[M].Shanghai:Donghua University,2009.
[30]张三田.难浸金与贫锰矿资源综合回收工艺探讨[J].中国锰业,2001,19(2):31-33.Zhang Santian.Comprehensive recovery of gold difficult to soak out and poor Mn resources[J].China's Manganese Industry,2001,19(2):31-33.
[31]Feng D,van Deventer J S J.Interactions between sulphides and manganese dioxide in thiosulphate leaching of gold ores[J].Minerals Engineering,2007,20(6):533-540.
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