一种关系模型的历史区划栅格表示方法
|
摘要
针对历史行政区在时空变化表达中存在的数据组织结构复杂和表达不灵活的问题,该文提出了一种扩展型关系数据库与栅格数据结合表达的解决方法。采用SQL Server数据库存储规则网格化的历史行政时空信息,使用专题时态栅格图及事件属性表达历史行政区的时空变化过程,结果支持属性、空间、时间以及多种复合查询。实验表明:扩展型关系数据库与时态栅格相结合的表示方法能直观准确地表达历史时空数据;能够准确回答特定区域在特定历史时刻的状态及其历史演变的问题;数据结构简单,表达灵活。
In view of the complexity of the data structure and the inflexible expression of the historical administrative Region in the space-time change,this paper proposes a method to combine the extended relationaldatabase with raster data.Using the historical administrative spatio-Temporal information of SQL Server database storage rules,the temporal and spatial changes of historical districts were expressed by thematic temporal raster graphs and event attributes,and the results support attributes,space,time and multiple queries.The experimental results showed that the extended relational database and the temporal grids could be used to express the historical spatiotemporal data directly and accurately;the method could accurately answer the specific region at a particular historical time of the state and its historical evolution;the structure of data was simple,the expression was nimble.
In view of the complexity of the data structure and the inflexible expression of the historical administrative Region in the space-time change,this paper proposes a method to combine the extended relationaldatabase with raster data.Using the historical administrative spatio-Temporal information of SQL Server database storage rules,the temporal and spatial changes of historical districts were expressed by thematic temporal raster graphs and event attributes,and the results support attributes,space,time and multiple queries.The experimental results showed that the extended relational database and the temporal grids could be used to express the historical spatiotemporal data directly and accurately;the method could accurately answer the specific region at a particular historical time of the state and its historical evolution;the structure of data was simple,the expression was nimble.
引文
[1]段永朝.互联网思想十讲[M].北京:商务印书馆,2014:4-5.(DUAN Yongchao.Ten lectures on internet thought[M].Beijing:The Commercial Press,2014:4-5.)
[2] GAIL L R.Time in geographic information systems[J].Geocarto International,1992,7(2):40.
[3]刘妙龙,吴原华.时间-空间GIS时空数据库基础模型初探[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(2):229-233.(LIU Miaolong,WU Yuanhua.Preliminary exploration of foundational models in databases of temporal-spatial GIS[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2004,32(2):229-233.)
[4]王家耀,魏海平,成毅,等.时空GIS的研究与进展[J].海洋测绘,2004,24(5):1-4.(WANG Jiayao,WEI Haiping,CHENG Yi,et al.The research and development of spatio-temporal GIS[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2004,24(5):1-4.)
[5]陈志泊.GIS中栅格数据时空数据模型及其应用的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2005.(CHEN Zhibo.The study of the raster data spatio-temporal data model in GIS and it’s application[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2005.)
[6]李文华.基于关系数据库实现时态数据库[J].电脑开发与应用,2010,23(7):56-58.(LI Wenhua.Realization of temporal database based on relational database[J].Computer Development&Applications,2010,23(7):56-58.)
[7] JAMES F,ALLEN. Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals[J].Communications of the ACM,1983,26(11):832-843.
[8]任家东,高伟,任东英.双时态理论在空间数据模型中的应用[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(11):189-190,193.(REN Jiadong,GAO Wei,REN Dongying.Application of bitemporal theory in the spatial data model[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2003(11):189-190,193.)
[9]任爱珠,王洪深,潘国帅.地籍管理系统中的宗地历史回溯[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,43(10):1376-1379.(REN Aizhu,WANG Hongshen,PAN Guoshuai.Tracing of land parcel history in cadastral management systems[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2003,43(10):1376-1379.)
[10]孟令奎,赵春宇,林志勇,等.基于地理事件时变序列的时空数据模型研究与实现[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(2):202-207.(MENG Lingkui,ZHAO Chunyu,LIN Zhiyong,et al.Research and Implementationof spatio-temporal data model based on time-varying sequence of geographical events[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(2):202-207.)
[11]黄勇奇,崔伟宏.基于历史关系数据库的时空数据库实现研究[J].遥感学报,2008,12(5):759-764.(HUANG Yongqi,CUI Weihong.Research on realizing spatialtemporal databased on historical relational database[J].Journal of Remote sensing,2008,12(5):759-764.)
[12]夏慧琼,李德仁,郑春燕.基于地理事件的时空数据模型及其在土地利用中的应用[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):124-127.(XIA Huiqiong,LI Deren,ZHENG Chunyan.A geographical event-based spatiotemporal data model and its application in land use[J].Science of Surverying and Mapping,2011,36(4):124-127.)
[13]陈秀万,吴欢,李小娟,等.基于事件的土地利用时空数据模型研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2003,8(A版):957-963.(CHEN Xiuwan, WU Huan,LI Xiaojuan,et al.Study on event-based spatio-temporal data model for land use change[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2003,8(A):957-963.)
[14]倪建华,雷能忠.基态修正时空数据模型的扩展与时空查询方法的研究[J].皖西学院学报,2011,27(5):112-115.(NI Jianhua,LEI Nengzhong.The extension of spatial-temporal data model of base state with amendmentsand the method of spatial-temporal query[J].Journal of West Anhui University,2011,27(5):112-115.)
[15]周晓光,陈军,朱建军,等.基于事件的时空数据库增量更新[J].中国图象图形学报,2006,11(10):1431-1438.(ZHOU Xiaoguang,CHEN Jun,ZHU Jianjun,et al.Event based incermental updating of spatio-temporal database[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2006,11(10):1431-1438.)
[16]郜允兵,潘瑜春,高秉博,等.面向土地利用调查的时空数据库构建技术[J].测绘科学,2015,40(5):49-54,88.(GAO Yunbing,PAN Yuchun,GAO Bingbo,et al.Key technologies for land use survery oriented spatiotemporal database construction[J].Science of Surverying and Mapping,2015,40(5):49-54,88.)
[17]李寅超,李建松.一种基于对象和快照的混合地表覆盖时空数据存储模型[J].测绘学报,2016,45(7):858-865.(LI Yanchao,LI Jiansong.A mixed land cover spatio-temporal data model based on object-oriented and snapshot[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(7):858-865.)
[18]张永生,贲进.地球空间信息球面离散网格:理论、算法及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:2-4.(ZHANG Yongsheng,BEN Jin.Discrete global grids for geospatial information:principles,methods and it’s applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:2-4.)
[2] GAIL L R.Time in geographic information systems[J].Geocarto International,1992,7(2):40.
[3]刘妙龙,吴原华.时间-空间GIS时空数据库基础模型初探[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2004,32(2):229-233.(LIU Miaolong,WU Yuanhua.Preliminary exploration of foundational models in databases of temporal-spatial GIS[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2004,32(2):229-233.)
[4]王家耀,魏海平,成毅,等.时空GIS的研究与进展[J].海洋测绘,2004,24(5):1-4.(WANG Jiayao,WEI Haiping,CHENG Yi,et al.The research and development of spatio-temporal GIS[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2004,24(5):1-4.)
[5]陈志泊.GIS中栅格数据时空数据模型及其应用的研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2005.(CHEN Zhibo.The study of the raster data spatio-temporal data model in GIS and it’s application[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2005.)
[6]李文华.基于关系数据库实现时态数据库[J].电脑开发与应用,2010,23(7):56-58.(LI Wenhua.Realization of temporal database based on relational database[J].Computer Development&Applications,2010,23(7):56-58.)
[7] JAMES F,ALLEN. Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals[J].Communications of the ACM,1983,26(11):832-843.
[8]任家东,高伟,任东英.双时态理论在空间数据模型中的应用[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(11):189-190,193.(REN Jiadong,GAO Wei,REN Dongying.Application of bitemporal theory in the spatial data model[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2003(11):189-190,193.)
[9]任爱珠,王洪深,潘国帅.地籍管理系统中的宗地历史回溯[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,43(10):1376-1379.(REN Aizhu,WANG Hongshen,PAN Guoshuai.Tracing of land parcel history in cadastral management systems[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2003,43(10):1376-1379.)
[10]孟令奎,赵春宇,林志勇,等.基于地理事件时变序列的时空数据模型研究与实现[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2003,28(2):202-207.(MENG Lingkui,ZHAO Chunyu,LIN Zhiyong,et al.Research and Implementationof spatio-temporal data model based on time-varying sequence of geographical events[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2003,28(2):202-207.)
[11]黄勇奇,崔伟宏.基于历史关系数据库的时空数据库实现研究[J].遥感学报,2008,12(5):759-764.(HUANG Yongqi,CUI Weihong.Research on realizing spatialtemporal databased on historical relational database[J].Journal of Remote sensing,2008,12(5):759-764.)
[12]夏慧琼,李德仁,郑春燕.基于地理事件的时空数据模型及其在土地利用中的应用[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):124-127.(XIA Huiqiong,LI Deren,ZHENG Chunyan.A geographical event-based spatiotemporal data model and its application in land use[J].Science of Surverying and Mapping,2011,36(4):124-127.)
[13]陈秀万,吴欢,李小娟,等.基于事件的土地利用时空数据模型研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2003,8(A版):957-963.(CHEN Xiuwan, WU Huan,LI Xiaojuan,et al.Study on event-based spatio-temporal data model for land use change[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2003,8(A):957-963.)
[14]倪建华,雷能忠.基态修正时空数据模型的扩展与时空查询方法的研究[J].皖西学院学报,2011,27(5):112-115.(NI Jianhua,LEI Nengzhong.The extension of spatial-temporal data model of base state with amendmentsand the method of spatial-temporal query[J].Journal of West Anhui University,2011,27(5):112-115.)
[15]周晓光,陈军,朱建军,等.基于事件的时空数据库增量更新[J].中国图象图形学报,2006,11(10):1431-1438.(ZHOU Xiaoguang,CHEN Jun,ZHU Jianjun,et al.Event based incermental updating of spatio-temporal database[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2006,11(10):1431-1438.)
[16]郜允兵,潘瑜春,高秉博,等.面向土地利用调查的时空数据库构建技术[J].测绘科学,2015,40(5):49-54,88.(GAO Yunbing,PAN Yuchun,GAO Bingbo,et al.Key technologies for land use survery oriented spatiotemporal database construction[J].Science of Surverying and Mapping,2015,40(5):49-54,88.)
[17]李寅超,李建松.一种基于对象和快照的混合地表覆盖时空数据存储模型[J].测绘学报,2016,45(7):858-865.(LI Yanchao,LI Jiansong.A mixed land cover spatio-temporal data model based on object-oriented and snapshot[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(7):858-865.)
[18]张永生,贲进.地球空间信息球面离散网格:理论、算法及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:2-4.(ZHANG Yongsheng,BEN Jin.Discrete global grids for geospatial information:principles,methods and it’s applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:2-4.)